Assessments of TP53 and CTNNB1 gene hotspot mutations in circulating tumour DNA of hepatitis B virus-induced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is one of the major causes of chronic liver disease, which progresses from chronic hepatitis B (CHB) to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Early detection and laboratory-based screening of hepatocellular carcinoma are still major challenges. This study was undertaken to determine whether the cancer hallmark gene signatures that are released into circulation as circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) can be used as a liquid biopsy marker for screening, early detection, and prognosis of HCC.

A Potent Inhibitor of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase (PI3K) and Mitogen Activated Protein (MAP) Kinase Signalling, Quercetin (3, 3', 4', 5, 7-Pentahydroxyflavone) Promotes Cell Death in Ultraviolet (UV)-B-Irradiated B16F10 Melanoma Cells.

Ultraviolet (UV) radiation-induced skin damage contributes strongly to the formation of melanoma, a highly lethal form of skin cancer. Quercetin (Qu), the most widely consumed dietary bioflavonoid and well known inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase signalling, has been reported to be chemopreventive in several forms of non-melanoma skin cancers. Here, we report that the treatment of ultraviolet (UV)-B-irradiated B16F10 melanoma cells with quercetin resulted in a dose dependent reduction in cell viability and increased apoptosis.

Glycyrrhizic acid (GA) inhibits reactive oxygen Species mediated photodamage by blocking ER stress and MAPK pathway in UV-B irradiated human skin fibroblasts.

Background: Previously we have reported that generation of reactive oxygen species is the prime event responsible for calcium mediated activation of PERK-eIF2α-CHOP pathway and apoptosis in UV-B irradiated human skin fibroblasts (Hs68). We have also reported that glycyrrhizic acid (GA) mediates potent photoprotective activity against UV-B - irradiation-induced photodamage in human skin fibroblast.

Objective: In the present study, we aimed to investigate the role of GA in preventing oxidative stress mediated unfolded protein response (UPR) and mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) pathway.

Oxidative stress mediated Ca(2+) release manifests endoplasmic reticulum stress leading to unfolded protein response in UV-B irradiated human skin cells.

Background: Exposure of skin to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, an environmental stressor induces number of adverse biological effects (photodamage), including cancer. The damage induced by UV-irradiation in skin cells is initiated by the photochemical generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and consequent activation of unfolded protein response (UPR).

Objective: To decipher cellular and molecular events responsible for UV-B mediated ER stress and UPR activation in skin cells.

Effect of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), an organosulfur compound from Allium plants, on experimentally induced hepatic prefibrogenic events in Wistar rat.

Aim of present study was to investigate the effect of NAC on experimental chronic hepatotoxicity models induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl₄) and thioacetamide (TAA). CCl₄ toxicity was induced by administering 200 μl CCl₄ (diluted 2:3 in coconut oil)/100 g body weight, p.o.

Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), a triterpenoid saponin glycoside alleviates ultraviolet-B irradiation-induced photoaging in human dermal fibroblasts.

Glycyrrhizic acid (GA), a triterpenoid saponin glycoside from the roots and rhizomes of licorice is used in traditional and modern medicine for the treatment of numerous medical conditions including skin diseases and beauty care product. In the present study, we investigated the effect of GA against ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation-induced photoaging in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) and its possible mechanism of action. HDFs were subjected to photoaging by sub-toxic dose of UVB (10 mj/cm(2)) irradiation.