Trajectories of oxygen saturation within 6-72 hours after birth in neonates at moderate altitude: a prospective longitudinal cohort study.

Background: Trajectories of pulse oxygen saturation (SpO) within the first few days after birth are important to inform the strategy for identifying asymptomatic hypoxemic disease but remain poorly substantiated at higher altitudes.

Methods: We performed a longitudinal cohort study with consecutive neonates at a local hospital in Luchun County, China, at an altitude of 1650 m between January and July 2020. We repeatedly measured the pre- and post-ductal SpO values at 6, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48, and 72 hours after birth for neonates without oxygen supplements.

Peripheral perfusion index in well newborns at 6 to 72 h of life at different altitudes: a multi-center study in China.

The purpose of this study is to obtain the reference range of peripheral perfusion index (PPI) of asymptomatic well newborns at 6 to 72 h of life at different altitudes. A population-based prospective cohort study was conducted in cities at different altitudes in China. Asymptomatic well newborns were enrolled consecutively from six hospitals with an altitude of 4 to 4200 m between February 1, 2020, and April 15, 2021.

Mid-aortic syndrome: a rare cause of heart failure in infants.

This case reports describe a rare disease, mid-aortic syndrome (MAS), that can cause severe heart failure and hypertension in infancy. The typical images, key points of diagnosis, and therapy methods of the disease have also been presented. We report two critical thoracoabdominal aortic coarctation cases in infants aged 2 and 11 months with severe heart failure.

Case Report: Recurrent Left Posterior Fascicular Ventricular Tachycardia in a Newborn.

Left posterior fascicular ventricular tachycardia (LPFVT) is extremely rare in neonates. We described a 17-day-old girl with LPFVT who was initially misdiagnosed as supraventricular tachycardia (SVT). Eventually, she was successfully treated by amiodarone infusion followed by oral amiodarone with propranolol for 9 months, and LPFVT spontaneously resolved after a 1-year follow-up.

Case Report: Lessons Learned From Aortic Valve Rupture After Blunt Chest Trauma.

Aortic valve rupture (AVR) due to blunt chest trauma is extremely rare in the pediatric population, and little attention has been paid to such damages. Early diagnosis of AVR may not be easy in patients with multiple competing injuries and poor acoustic windows. We report a case of delayed diagnosis of AVR in a 12-year-old boy after falling from a height of 15 meters, who presented with recurrent hemoptysis and ventilator dependence.

Characteristics and trends in diagnosis of Kawasaki disease outside the usual age range.

Objective: To explore the trends in diagnosis of Kawasaki disease (KD) and determine the characteristics for patients outside the usual age range of 6 months to 4 years.

Method: A retrospective review of patients with KD identified in four epidemiological surveys spanning 20 years (1998-2017) in Shanghai was performed.

Results: A total of 8416 patients were included.

Neonatal Kawasaki disease with multiple arterial aneurysms: a case report.

Background: Kawasaki disease (KD) is a medium vessel vasculitis that typically occurs in children aged between 6 months and 5 years. It is extraordinarily rare in the neonatal period. KD-related systemic artery aneurysms (SAAs) have never been reported in neonates.

Bronchial Artery Embolization in Pediatric Pulmonary Hemorrhage: A Single-Center Experience.

Purpose: To explore the safety and effectiveness of bronchial artery (BA) embolization (BAE) in children with pulmonary hemorrhage.

Materials And Methods: Between February 2016 and February 2019, 41 patients (median age, 4 y; interquartile range, 2.3-8 y; median weight, 17.

Peripheral perfusion index percentiles for healthy newborns by gestational age and sex in China.

Peripheral perfusion index (PPI) percentiles for newborns serve as an important observation tool in clinical practice, but research pertaining to reference ranges are lacking. The aim of this study was to establish PPI percentiles for healthy newborns by gestational age and sex at 24-48 hours of life. We conducted an observational study and examined PPI values at 24-48 hours of life in 3814 asymptomatic newborns born between 35 and 41 weeks gestation who did not need medical treatment from June 1, 2016 to May 31, 2017 at two maternity hospitals in Shanghai.

Systemic Artery Aneurysms and Kawasaki Disease.

Background: Coronary artery aneurysms (CAAs) are a well-known complication of Kawasaki disease (KD), but there are no data on incidence or outcomes of systemic artery aneurysms (SAAs) in the current era.

Methods: From April 1, 2016, to March 31, 2019, we screened for SAAs in 162 patients with KD at risk for SAAs with magnetic resonance angiography or peripheral angiography and analyzed incidence and early outcomes of SAAs.

Results: Twenty-three patients had SAAs, demonstrating an incidence of 14.

Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: an uncommon cause of exertional chest pain in children.

Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is an uncommon morphologic variant of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which is rarely diagnosed in childhood. To date, very few cases of asymptomatic children younger than 18 years have been reported in the literature. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of paediatric apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy presenting with exertional chest pain, with characteristic electrocardiographic, echocardiographic, MRI, and cardiac angiography findings.

Spontaneous Closure Rates of Ventricular Septal Defects (6,750 Consecutive Neonates).

Although ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a common and simple congenital heart disease in newborns, its true incidence and spontaneous closure (SC) rate remains topics of controversy. This study aims to provide data on the true incidence and SC rate of VSD in the Chinese neonatal population. We conducted a prospective study at 3 hospitals, all newborns underwent echocardiography.

Accuracy of cardiac auscultation in detection of neonatal congenital heart disease by general paediatricians.

Background: Challenges remain in the judgement of pathological murmurs in newborns at maternity hospitals, and there are still many simple major CHD patients in developing countries who are not diagnosed in a timely fashion. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of cardiac auscultation on neonatal CHD by general paediatricians.

Methods: We conducted a prospective study at three hospitals.

[Clinical effect of endovascular embolization in treatment of hemoptysis of systemic arterial origin in children].

Objective: To investigate the clinical effect of endovascular embolization (EVE) in the treatment of hemoptysis of systemic arterial origin in children.

Methods: A total of 20 children with hemoptysis of systemic arterial origin who underwent EVE from January 2016 to November 2017 were enrolled. The method for embolization was analyzed and the clinical outcome was evaluated.

Prevalence of Congenital Heart Disease at Live Birth in China.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD) in China based on a large prospective multicenter screening study.

Study Design: A total of 122 765 consecutive infants born at 18 hospitals throughout China between August 1, 2011, and November 30, 2012, were included. Cases of CHD were identified by echocardiography, clinical assessment, and telephone follow-up.

Pulse Oximetry and Auscultation for Congenital Heart Disease Detection.

Objectives: Pulse oximetry (POX) has been confirmed as a specific screening modality for critical congenital heart disease (CCHD), with moderate sensitivity. However, POX is not able to detect most serious and critical cardiac lesions (major congenital heart disease [CHD]) without hypoxemia. In this study, we investigated the accuracy and feasibility of the addition of cardiac auscultation to POX as a screening method for asymptomatic major CHD.

Pulse oximetry could significantly enhance the early detection of critical congenital heart disease in neonatal intensive care units.

Aim: Limited data have been available regarding critical congenital heart disease (CHD) screening in neonatal intensive care unit (NICUs). This study evaluated the feasibility of screening for CHD by adding pulse oximetry (POX) to clinical evaluation in a NICU in Shanghai, China.

Methods: We screened 4128 eligible consecutive NICU admissions using POX plus clinical evaluation.

Pulse oximetry with clinical assessment to screen for congenital heart disease in neonates in China: a prospective study.

Background: Several pioneering studies have provided evidence for the introduction of universal pulse oximetry screening for critical congenital heart disease. However, whether the benefits of screening reported in studies from high-income countries would translate with similar success to low-income countries is unknown. We assessed the feasibility and reliability of pulse oximetry plus clinical assessment for detection of major congenital heart disease, especially critical congenital heart disease, in China.

Prevalence of congenital heart disease at live birth: an accurate assessment by echocardiographic screening.

Aim: To determine the true prevalence of congenital heart disease (CHD) at live birth using echocardiographic screening.

Methods: A total of 5190 consecutive newborns from two secondary hospitals were included. Each neonate had a complete clinical evaluation with echocardiographic diagnosis at average 47 h of age.

Clinical features and long-term prognosis of patients with anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery.

Background: Anomalous origin of the left coronary artery from the pulmonary artery (ALCAPA) is a rare congenital heart anomaly. We aimed to illustrate the clinical features and long-term prognosis of patients with ALCAPA.

Methods: Twenty three patients (13 males and 10 females, ages ranging from 2.