The Investigation of Graphene Oxide-Enhanced Hybrid Slurry Preparation and Its Polishing Characteristic on CVD Single Crystal Diamond.

As an environment-friendly material, graphene oxide nanosheet can effectively improve the polishing surface quality of single crystal diamond workpieces. However, the lubricating and chemical effects of graphene oxide nanosheets have an uncertain impact on the polishing material removal rate. In this paper, the graphene oxide-enhanced hybrid slurry was prepared with good stability.

Omiganan-Based Synthetic Antimicrobial Peptides for the Healthcare of Infectious Endophthalmitis.

Bacterial endophthalmitis is a severe infection of the aqueous or vitreous humor of the eye that can lead to permanent vision loss. Due to the rapid emergence of antibiotic resistance and dose-limiting toxicities, the standard treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis via the intravitreal injection of broad-spectrum antibiotics remains inadequate. Membrane active cationic antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have emerged as a promising class of effective and broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents with potential to overcome antibiotic resistance.

Immunopeptides: immunomodulatory strategies and prospects for ocular immunity applications.

Immunopeptides have low toxicity, low immunogenicity and targeting, and broad application prospects in drug delivery and assembly, which are diverse in application strategies and drug combinations. Immunopeptides are particularly important for regulating ocular immune homeostasis, as the eye is an immune-privileged organ. Immunopeptides have advantages in adaptive immunity and innate immunity, treating eye immune-related diseases by regulating T cells, B cells, immune checkpoints, and cytokines.

Analyzing brain-activation responses to auditory stimuli improves the diagnosis of a disorder of consciousness by non-linear dynamic analysis of the EEG.

Although auditory stimuli benefit patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC), the optimal stimulus remains unclear. We explored the most effective electroencephalography (EEG)-tracking method for eliciting brain responses to auditory stimuli and assessed its potential as a neural marker to improve DOC diagnosis. We collected 58 EEG recordings from patients with DOC to evaluate the classification model's performance and optimal auditory stimulus.

Anisotropic Electron-Phonon Interactions in 2D Lead-Halide Perovskites.

Two-dimensional (2D) hybrid organic-inorganic metal halide perovskites offer enhanced stability for perovskite-based applications. Their crystal structure's soft and ionic nature gives rise to strong interaction between charge carriers and ionic rearrangements. Here, we investigate the interaction of photogenerated electrons and ionic polarizations in single-crystal 2D perovskite butylammonium lead iodide (BAPI), varying the inorganic lamellae thickness in the 2D single crystals.

Effect of Deposition Pressure and Temperature on Tungsten Thin-Film Heater for Phase-Change Switch Applications.

Tungsten (W) film is increasingly utilized in various microheater applications due to its numerous advantages. These advantages include a high melting point, positive constant temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR), good mechanical stability, and compatibility with semiconductor processes. In this paper, deposition parameters for enhancing the properties of W film were investigated, and an optimized microheater was fabricated.

A Review on Material Selection Benchmarking in GeTe-Based RF Phase-Change Switches for Each Layer.

The global demand for radio frequency (RF) modules and components has grown exponentially in recent decades. RF switches are the essential unit in RF front-end and reconfigurable systems leading to the rapid development of novel and advanced switch technology. Germanium telluride (GeTe), as one of the Chalcogenide phase-change materials, has been applied as an RF switch due to its low insertion loss, high isolation, fast switching speed, and low power consumption in recent years.

Desired properties of polymeric hydrogel vitreous substitute.

Vitreous replacement is a commonly employed method for treating a range of ocular diseases, including posterior vitreous detachment, complex retinal detachment, diabetic retinopathy, macular hole, and ocular trauma. Various clinical substitutes for vitreous include air, expandable gas, silicone oil, heavy silicone oil, and balanced salt solution. However, these substitutes have drawbacks such as short retention time, cytotoxicity, high intraocular pressure, and the formation of cataracts, rendering them unsuitable for long-term treatment.

The progress of assessment methods and treatments of neovascular glaucoma secondary to central retinal vein occlusion.

Neovascular glaucoma is a condition that results from central retinal vein occlusion and often leads to blindness. Accurate evaluation and appropriate treatment are crucial for patients. However, there is currently no uniform and clear standard to differentiate between ischemic and non-ischemic central retinal vein occlusion.

A simple route to functionalized porous carbon foams from carbon nanodots for metal-free pseudocapacitors.

The development of potent pseudocapacitive charge storage materials has emerged as an effective solution for closing the gap between high-energy density batteries and high-power density and long-lasting electrical double-layer capacitors. Sulfonyl compounds are ideal candidates owing to their rapid and reversible redox reactions. However, structural instability and low electrical conductivity hinder their practical application as electrode materials.

New Strategy for Preparation of Yttria Powders with Atypical Morphologies and Their Sintering Behavior.

A modified precipitation method was used to prepare yttria powers for the fabrication of yttria ceramics in this study. The precipitation behavior, phase evolution, and shape of the yttria precursor were all examined in the presence or absence of an electric field. The findings demonstrate that the phases of the yttria precursor were Y(CO)·2HO with and without an electric field, while the morphology changed from flake to needle-like under the action of the electric field.

Preparation and Process Parameter Optimization of Continuous Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polycarbonate Prepreg Filament.

Continuous fiber-reinforced composite 3D printing (CFRC 3DP) has become a hot topic of interest for many experts and scholars. Continuous fiber-reinforced prepreg filament (CFRPF) for printing needs to be prepared in advance. In this paper, on the basis of the resin fusion impregnation theory, a fabrication device was designed for continuous carbon fiber-reinforced polycarbonate prepreg filament (CCFRPF).

Reliability of Longshi scale with remote assessment of smartphone video calls for stroke patients' activities of daily living.

Objectives: The impairment of activities of daily living (ADL) has brought a heavy burden to the life of patients after stroke. Timely and accurate assessment of patients' activities of daily living is very necessary, which determines the whole process of diagnosis, rehabilitation and prognosis of patients. However, the patients with limited mobility or transportation are difficulted to gain high quality assessment services.

Investigation on forced vibration characteristics of Nitinol tracheal stent.

Background: Tracheal stents can be placed in a narrow position in the human trachea to ensure smooth breathing. And the stent will deform during service by the influence of the physiological environment or random excitations, such as coughing.

Methods: This paper divides the vibration into periodic and random vibrations according to the different pressures.

Optimizing acute stroke outcome prediction models: Comparison of generalized regression neural networks and logistic regressions.

Background: Generalized regression neural network (GRNN) and logistic regression (LR) are extensively used in the medical field; however, the better model for predicting stroke outcome has not been established. The primary goal of this study was to compare the accuracies of GRNN and LR models to identify the most optimal model for the prediction of acute stroke outcome, as well as explore useful biomarkers for predicting the prognosis of acute stroke patients.

Method: In a single-center study, 216 (80% for the training set and 20% for the test set) acute stroke patients admitted to the Shenzhen Second People's Hospital between December 2019 to June 2021 were retrospectively recruited.

Investigation on puncture mechanical performance of tracheal tissue.

This paper investigated the mechanical behavior of the contact between the oblique tip puncture needle and the tracheal tissue during pathological examination for the diagnosis of respiratory diseases. By analyzing the force of the oblique tip puncture needle, this paper established a theoretical model of the contact mechanics between the needle and the tracheal tissue. With the material characteristics, needle diameter and puncture angle of trachea tissue as the loading conditions, the biomechanical simulation of piercing process was carried out by using the finite element simulation method, and realistic puncture experiments on isolated porcine tracheal tissue were performed by electronic universal testing machine.

Graphene's Role in Emerging Trends of Capacitive Energy Storage.

Technological breakthroughs in energy storage are being driven by the development of next-generation supercapacitors with favorable features besides high-power density and cycling stability. In this innovation, graphene and its derived materials play an active role. Here, the research status of graphene supercapacitors is analyzed.

Stroke outcome assessment: Optimizing cutoff scores for the Longshi Scale, modified Rankin Scale and Barthel Index.

The Longshi Scale, a visual-based scale, is reliable and valid in activity assessment, but lacks cutoff definition corresponding to classical scales such as the modified Rankin Scale and Barthel Index. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationships of the Longshi Scale with the modified Rankin Scale and Barthel Index and optimize cutoff scores of these scales in stroke outcomes assessment. This is a cross-sectional study.

Template-free synthesis and lithium-ion storage performance of multiple ZnO nanoparticles encapsulated in hollow amorphous carbon shells.

Due to the limited utilization of electrode materials, the rational design and facile synthesis of composite structures are still challenging issues for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Herein, a simple approach has been developed to prepare multiple core-shell structures of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) encapsulated in hollow amorphous carbon (AC) shells. The as-synthesized ZnO@AC composites showed a uniform dispersion of ZnO NPs, compliant buffer AC shells, and nanoscale void spaces between the ZnO NP cores and AC shells.

Staging Surgery for The Treatment of Aortic Arch Aneurysm Combined with Aberrant Bilateral Subclavian Artery, Persistent Left Superior Vena Cava and Airway Compression: A Case Report.

Background: To describe staging surgery for the treatment of a patient with aortic arch aneurysm combined with aberrant bilateral subclavian artery, persistent left superior vena cava (PLSVC), and airway compression.

Case Report: A 42-year-old female was hospitalized for aortic arch aneurysm involving aberrant bilateral subclavian artery, PLSVC, and airway compression. The patient's aneurysm was successfully treated by stage I surgery, including total aortic arch replacement and stented elephant trunk procedure and stage II surgery, including tracheal stenting and tracheotomy.

pTuneos: prioritizing tumor neoantigens from next-generation sequencing data.

Background: Cancer neoantigens are expressed only in cancer cells and presented on the tumor cell surface in complex with major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I proteins for recognition by cytotoxic T cells. Accurate and rapid identification of neoantigens play a pivotal role in cancer immunotherapy. Although several in silico tools for neoantigen prediction have been presented, limitations of these tools exist.

Removal of Surface Oxygen Vacancies Increases Conductance Through TiO Thin Films for Perovskite Solar Cells.

We report that UV-ozone treatment of TiO anatase thin films is an efficient method to increase the conductance through the film by more than 2 orders of magnitude. The increase in conductance is quantified via conductive scanning force microscopy on freshly annealed and UV-ozone-treated TiO anatase thin films on fluorine-doped tin oxide substrates. The increased conductance of TiO anatase thin films results in a 2% increase of the average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of methylammonium lead iodide-based perovskite solar cells.

DeepCRISPR: optimized CRISPR guide RNA design by deep learning.

A major challenge for effective application of CRISPR systems is to accurately predict the single guide RNA (sgRNA) on-target knockout efficacy and off-target profile, which would facilitate the optimized design of sgRNAs with high sensitivity and specificity. Here we present DeepCRISPR, a comprehensive computational platform to unify sgRNA on-target and off-target site prediction into one framework with deep learning, surpassing available state-of-the-art in silico tools. In addition, DeepCRISPR fully automates the identification of sequence and epigenetic features that may affect sgRNA knockout efficacy in a data-driven manner.

Light-Activated Electron Transfer and Turnover in Ru-Modified Aldehyde Deformylating Oxygenases.

Conversion of biological molecules into fuels or other useful chemicals is an ongoing chemical challenge. One class of enzymes that has received attention for such applications is aldehyde deformylating oxygenase (ADO) enzymes. These enzymes convert aliphatic aldehydes to the alkanes and formate.

Tunable graphene-based hybrid plasmonic modulators for subwavelength confinement.

Electro-optical modulators which work at the near-infrared range are significant for a variety of applications such as communication and sensing. However, currently available approaches result in rather bulky devices which suffer from low integration and can hardly operate at low power consumption levels. Graphene, an emerging advanced material, has been widely utilized due to its tunability by gating which allows one to realize active optical devices.