Meta-analysis of the effects of helmet-assisted non-invasive ventilation in the treatment of acute respiratory failure.

Objective: To study the efficacy of helmet-assisted non-invasive ventilation and conventional ventilation in the treatment of acute respiratory failure (ARF).

Materials And Methods: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Embase and CNKI databases were searched for randomized controlled trials and case-control trials of helmet-assisted noninvasive ventilation in the treatment of ARF. The outcome measures included respiratory rate, intubation rate, complication rate, mortality rate and arterial blood gas analysis of the commonly used indicators (PaCO2/ PaO2 / pH).

The application of selective neck dissection while preserving the cutaneous branches of cervical plexus in the surgical treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer-experiences from thousands of cases.

Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is associated with the highest propensity for lymph node metastases, given the significant morbidity associated with sacrificing the spinal accessory nerve, surgeons increasingly looked to minimizing functional deficits while maintaining oncologic outcome. We have detailed the technique of a selective neck dissection with more attention to preserving the cervical sensory nerves since 1999 in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center. We found that the radical dissection with preservation of the cutaneous branches including the great auricular nerve, the less occipital nerve and the supraclavicular nerve can maximally decrease the complications of paresthesia and dysesthesia postoperatively in the lower neck, the shoulders and the area around the ear in DTC cases when indications were allowed.

Ultrathin 2D nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets for high performance supercapacitors: insight into the effects of graphene oxides.

Ultrathin 2D nitrogen-doped carbon nanosheets with a thickness of about 5 nm have been facilely synthesized from potato starch by using graphene oxides (GO) as the structure-directing agent. The pore structures and surface properties can be feasibly and rationally tailored by addition of a certain amount of GO in the precursor. The addition of GO to the potato starch can increase the surface areas and the pyridinic-N and pyrrolic-N ratios of the as-prepared 2D carbon nanosheets.

Experimental cervical interspinous ligament pain altered cervical joint motion during dynamic extension movement.

Background: Although the cervical interspinous ligament is a potential source of neck pain, the effects on cervical joint motion and pressure pain sensitivity has never been investigated. The understanding of the relationship will broaden our understanding of cervical biomechanics and improve diagnosis and treatment of neck pain.

Methods: Fluoroscopy videos of cervical flexion and extension movements and pressure pain thresholds over bilateral C2/C3 and C5/C6 facet joints were collected in fifteen healthy subjects before and after injections of hypertonic and isotonic saline in C4/C5 ISL.

Effects of tumor size on prognosis in differentiated thyroid carcinoma smaller than 2 cm.

Benefits of subdividing small-differentiated thyroid carcinoma (sDTC) by tumor size are controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to investigate whether tumor size is associated with prognosis of sDTC. PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched from their inception to September 2018.

Effects of Chemotherapy and Radiotherapy on Spermatogenesis: The Role of Testicular Immunology.

Substantial improvements in cancer treatment have resulted in longer survival and increased quality of life in cancer survivors with minimized long-term toxicity. However, infertility and gonadal dysfunction continue to be recognized as adverse effects of anticancer therapy. In particular, alkylating agents and irradiation induce testicular damage that results in prolonged azoospermia.

Chondroprotection of PPARα activation by WY14643 via autophagy involving Akt and ERK in LPS-treated mouse chondrocytes and osteoarthritis model.

Autophagy maintains cellular homoeostasis. The enhancement of autophagy in chondrocytes could prevent osteoarthritis (OA) progression in articular cartilage. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) activation may also protect articular chondrocytes against cartilage degradation in OA.

Docetaxel-loaded human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticles: synthesis, characterization, and evaluation.

Background: Docetaxel (DTX) is an anticancer drug that is currently formulated with polysorbate 80 and ethanol (50:50, v/v) in clinical use. Unfortunately, this formulation causes hypersensitivity reactions, leading to severe side-effects, which have been primarily attributed to polysorbate 80.

Methods: In this study, a DTX-loaded human serum albumin (HSA) nanoparticle (DTX-NP) was designed to overcome the hypersensitivity reactions that are induced by polysorbate 80.

[Clinical features of children with Epstein-Barr virus-related acute liver failure: an analysis of four cases].

A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of four children with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-related acute liver failure. There were two boys and two girls with a median age of 10 months (range 8.5-44 months).

Origin of neck pain and direction of movement influence dynamic cervical joint motion and pressure pain sensitivity.

Background: Patients with neck pain normally showed alterations in cervical motion and pressure pain sensitivity. Cervical joints show scattered motions opposite to (anti-directional) the primary motion direction (pro-directional) during dynamic cervical flexion and extension. This study aimed to assess dynamic cervical joint motion and pressure pain sensitivity when pain originated from different cervical muscles which may have clinical relevance in diagnosis of impairments related with neck pain.

Breast Cancer Cell Line Phenotype Affects Sonoporation Efficiency Under Optimal Ultrasound Microbubble Conditions.

BACKGROUND Ultrasound/microbubble (USMB)-mediated sonoporation is a new strategy with minimal procedural invasiveness for targeted and site-specific drug delivery to tumors. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of different breast cancer cell lines on sonoporation efficiency, and then to identify an optimal combination of USMB parameters to maximize the sonoporation efficiency for each tumor cell line. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three drug-sensitive breast cell lines - MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and MDA-MB-468 - and 1 multidrug resistance (MDR) cell line - MCF-7/ADR - were chosen.

Lingual ectopic papillary thyroid carcinoma: Two case reports and review of the literature.

Ectopic thyroid occurs when it is not located on the normal thyroid compartment. While 90% of the ectopic thyroids were located at the base of the tongue, only 1% were lingual thyroid carcinoma (LTC). Only 56 LTC cases have been reported so far.

Anatomical variants of dorsal scapular nerve in relation to the middle scalene muscle in Japanese population.

Dorsal scapular nerve (DSN) block is often performed in Japanese pain clinics to treat neck pain and katakori (a unique symptom in Japanese population characterized by myofascial pain syndromes such as shoulder girdle pain). However, to the best of our knowledge, there are only a few studies regarding anatomical variations in DSN paths around the middle scalene muscle (MSM) in Japanese population. Thus, we conducted a cadaveric study to examine anatomical variations in DSN paths around the MSM in Japanese population.

Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Siddiqi, Hooper, and Khan, 1963 with a Description of the First-Stage Juvenile and Male of Siddiqi, 1962 from China.

Longidorids are economically important plant-parasitic nematodes because several species are virus vectors. Populations of Paralongidorus sali and Longidorus jonesi , isolated from woody perennials of Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China, were characterized molecularly and morphologically. The morphometric data of the Chinese populations of both species were compared with other populations.

Morphological and molecular characterization of Hemicycliophora subbotini n. sp. (Tylenchida: Hemicycliophoridae) from China.

Sheath nematodes of the genus Hemicycliophora are migratory root-ectoparasites of many crops, but the damage is documented for only a few species. Hemicycliophora subbotini n. sp.

Antitumor effect of a liposome-encapsulated β1,4-galactosyltransferase inhibitor.

Galactosyltransferases are a family of enzymes responsible for the synthesis of glycan chains which are involved in cell proliferation, adhesion and apoptosis. A recently synthesized galactosyltransferase inhibitor, 2-naphthyl 2-butanamido-2-deoxy-1-thio-β-D-glucopyranoside (612), has been found to selectively inhibit β1,4-galactosyltransferase over β1,3-galactosyltransferase and, therefore, has potential to suppress the synthesis of cancer associated epitopes. However, the application of this inhibitory activity in biological systems remains unknown.

Sonographic diagnosis of colorectal polyps in children: Diagnostic accuracy and multi-factor combination evaluation.

This study was established to evaluate the diagnostic value of ultrasonography in screening colorectal polyps in children and to discuss the necessity of colonic preparation before an ultrasonic examination.In this study, 288 children with colorectal polyps managed at our hospital between January 2007 and December 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients were examined before and after basic colon preparation.

Effects of interleukin-17A in nucleus pulposus cells and its small-molecule inhibitors for intervertebral disc disease.

Intervertebral discs (IVD) degeneration, which is caused by ageing or mechanical stress, leads to IVD disease, including back pain and sciatica. The cytokine interleukin (IL)-17A is elevated in NP cells during IVD disease. Here we explored the pharmacotherapeutic potential of IL-17A for the treatment of IVD disease using small-molecule inhibitors that block binding of IL-17A to the IL-17A receptor (IL-17RA).

Gosha-Jinki-Gan Recovers Spermatogenesis in Mice with Busulfan-Induced Aspermatogenesis.

Busulfan is an anti-cancer chemotherapeutic drug and is often used as conditioning regimens prior to bone marrow transplant for treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia. Male infertility, including spermatogenesis disturbance, is known to be one of the side effects of anticancer drugs. While hormone preparations and vitamin preparations are used for spermatogenesis disturbance, their therapeutic effects are low.

New Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Based Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for Intracellular Esterase Detection and Discrimination of Live and Dead Cells in Different Fluorescence Channels.

A new diketopyrrolopyrrole-based fluorescent probe (DPP-AM) was designed and synthesized for ratiometric detection of esterase and for imaging of live and dead cells in different modes. DPP-AM showed red fluorescence because of the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) process from the DPP moiety to the pyridinium cation and gave remarkable ratio changes (about 70 folds), with the fluorescence changing from red to yellow, after treating with esterase because of the broken ICT process. Besides, the detection limit of DPP-AM toward esterase in vitro was 9.

Effect of acetamiprid on the immature murine testes.

Neonicotinoids, such as acetamiprid (ACE), a pesticide used worldwide, are believed to be safe for human use. These molecules are structurally similar to nicotine, act as nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonists, and were shown to be associated with neuromuscular and reproductive disorders, but these experiments were primarily performed in mature animals. In this study, the effects of ACE on the testes of immature mice were examined.

Synthesis and structure-activity relationship of N-(piperidin-4-yl)benzamide derivatives as activators of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 pathways.

Guided by bioisosterism and pharmacokinetic parameters, we designed and synthesized a series of novel benzamide derivatives. Preliminary in vitro studies indicated that compounds 10b and 10j show significant inhibitory bioactivity in HepG2 cells (IC values of 0.12 and 0.

Differentiation between Pure Mucinous Breast Carcinomas and Fibroadenomas with Strong High-Signal Intensity on T2-Weighted Images from Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

Objective: This study aimed to identify characteristics that can differentiate between pure mucinous breast carcinomas (PMBCs) and fibroadenomas (FAs) with strong high-signal intensity on T2-weighted images (T2-SHi) from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI).

Methods: The DCE-MRI tumor characteristics were compared and analyzed between 35 PMBCs and 70 FAs with T2-SHi.

Results: Multivariate analysis revealed that delayed enhancement pattern was the only significant independent predictor (p = 0.

Evidence of altered depression and dementia-related proteins in the brains of young rats after ovariectomy.

Menopause, a risk factor for brain dysfunction in women, is characterized by neuropsychological symptoms including depression and dementia, which are closely related to alterations in different brain regions after menopause. However, little is known about the variability in pathophysiologic changes associated with menopause in the brain. Here, we observed that menopause in rats induced by bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) showed depressive and dementia-related behaviors along with neuronal loss in the prefrontal cortex (PFC), hippocampus (HIP), hypothalamus (HYP), and amygdala (AMY) by Nissl staining.