Targeted multimodal synergistic therapy of drug-resistant HER2-positive breast cancer by pyrotinib-ICG self-assembled nanoparticles.

Neoadjuvant targeted therapy combining targeted agents with chemotherapy significantly improve survival rates of patients suffering from human epidermal receptor (HER2)-positive breast cancer (BC) in early or locally advanced stages. However, approximately 50% of patients fail to achieve a pathological complete response. In response, targeted photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) have emerged as effective strategies to bolster primary tumors treatment.

Safety and efficacy of anlotinib combined with taxane and lobaplatin in neoadjuvant treatment of clinical stage II/III triple-negative breast cancer in China (the neoALTAL trial): a single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Background: Anlotinib is a new type of tyrosine kinase inhibitor that targets vascular endothelial growth factor receptors 1/2/3, platelet-derived growth factor receptors α/β, and fibroblast growth factor receptors 1-4 and c-Kit, with a broad spectrum of inhibitory effects on tumor angiogenesis and growth. It has been proven effective in HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer, but its efficacy in early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is unknown. This phase 2 study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of adding anlotinib to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patients with TNBC.

Two Hematological Markers Predicting the Efficacy and Prognosis of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy Using Lobaplatin Against Triple-Negative Breast Cancer.

Background: Our previous work indicated that the addition of lobaplatin to combined therapy with taxane and anthracycline can improve the pathological complete response rate of neoadjuvant therapy for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and lengthen long-term survival significantly, but the therapeutic markers of this regimen are unclear.

Methods: Eighty-three patients who met the inclusion criteria were included in this post hoc analysis. We analyzed the association between platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) before neoadjuvant chemotherapy with the efficacy and prognosis after treatment with docetaxel, epirubicin, and lobaplatin neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen.

The Role of Innate Immunity in Osteoarthritis and the Connotation of "Immune-joint" Axis: A Narrative Review.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that results in constriction of the joint space due to the gradual deterioration of cartilage, alterations in subchondral bone, and synovial membrane. Recently, scientists have found that OA involves lesions in the whole joint, in addition to joint wear and tear and cartilage damage. Osteoarthritis is often accompanied by a subclinical form of synovitis, which is a chronic, relatively low-grade inflammatory response mainly mediated by the innate immune system.

Pyrotinib-based therapeutic approaches for HER2-positive breast cancer: the time is now.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive breast cancer (BC) is a highly aggressive subtype associated with poor prognosis. The advent of HER2-targeted drugs, including monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and antibody-drug conjugates, has yielded improved prognosis for patients. Compared with widely used monoclonal antibodies, small-molecule TKIs have unique advantages including oral administration and favorable penetration of blood-brain barrier for brain metastatic BC, and reduced cardiotoxicity.

Case Report: Four cases of SARS-CoV-2-associated Guillain-Barré Syndrome with SARS-CoV-2-positive cerebrospinal fluid detected by metagenomic next-generation sequencing: a retrospective case series from China.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is often absent or at low levels in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with previous SARS-CoV-2-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). This has led to speculation that SARS-CoV-2-associated GBS is more likely mediated by post-infectious immunity or a parainfection. This understanding has influenced the development of treatment regimens for SARS-CoV-2-associated GBS.

Causal associations between type 1 diabetes and COVID-19 infection and prognosis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Introduction: It has been suggested that type 1 diabetes was associated with increased COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. However, their causal relationship is still unclear. Herein, we performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) to investigate the causal effect of type 1 diabetes on COVID-19 infection and prognosis.

Dramatic Response to Pyrotinib and T-DM1 in HER2-Negative Metastatic Breast Cancer With 2 Activating HER2 Mutations.

HER2 signaling is activated in response to somatic HER2 mutations, which are often found in invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC) and are associated with poor prognosis. Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have demonstrated considerable antitumor activity in patients with HER2-mutated advanced breast cancer (BC). Further, several clinical trials have indicated that HER2-targeted antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) exhibit promising efficacy in lung cancer with HER2 mutations, and the efficacy of ADCs against HER2-mutated BC is currently being evaluated.

Chromobox Family Proteins as Putative Biomarkers for Breast Cancer Management: A Preliminary Study Based on Bioinformatics Analysis and qRT-PCR Validation.

Background: Epigenetic modification of chromatin is an important step in the regulation of gene expression. The chromobox family proteins (CBXs), as epigenetic modifier, may play a vital role in tumorigenesis and cancer progression. Herein we explored the correlation between CBXs and breast cancer (BC) via the bioinformatics approach and qRT-PCR validation.

Predictive and prognostic value of PIK3CA mutations in HER2-positive breast cancer treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

This systematic review and meta-analysis study investigates the predictive and prognostic value of PIK3CA mutations for HER2-positive breast cancer treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). A search of the Medline, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases yielded 17 eligible studies (1706 patients). In 10 neoadjuvant studies, the pathological complete response rate was significantly higher in wild-type PIK3CA (WT) patients than in mutated PIK3CA (MT) patients (OR = 0.

Efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy/maintenance chemotherapy after induction chemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Experiences of two centers.

Background And Objective: In general, there are not many studies exploring the clinical value of adjuvant chemotherapy or maintenance chemotherapy (AC/MC) after induction chemotherapy and concurrent chemoradiotherapy (IC+CCRT+AC/MC). The purpose of this study was to establish a clinical nomogram for the use of AC/MC in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (LA-NPC).

Material And Methods: Two centers (Guangzhou Medical University Cancer Center [N = 1226] and Zhongshan People's Hospital [N = 150]) recruited 1376 patients with LA-NPC.

PIK3CA mutations are associated with pathologic complete response rate to neoadjuvant pyrotinib and trastuzumab plus chemotherapy for HER2-positive breast cancer.

Background: Neoadjuvant treatment with a dual anti-human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) blockade with pyrotinib and trastuzumab has been shown to be effective for HER2-positive breast cancer.

Methods: The genomic characteristics of 425 cancer-related genes from the archived tumour blocks of 50 patients enrolled in a prospective neoadjuvant pyrotinib and trastuzumab plus chemotherapy clinical trial (ChiCTR1900022293) were assessed by next-generation sequencing (NGS). The relationship between tumour biomarkers and the postoperative pathological complete response (pCR) were explored.

Association of Long-term Oncologic Prognosis With Minimal Access Breast Surgery vs Conventional Breast Surgery.

Importance: Minimal access breast surgery (MABS) has been used in breast cancer management. However, long-term prognostic data associated with MABS vs conventional breast surgery (CBS) are lacking.

Objective: To investigate long-term therapeutic outcomes associated with MABS vs CBS for breast cancer management.

The effects of Jiawei Duhuo Jisheng mixture on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in the synovium inflamed by knee osteoarthritis: An in vitro and in vivo experiment.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is one of the common age-degenerative diseases. Recent studies have demonstrated that the pathogenesis of KOA is closely related to synovial lesions. Jiawei Duhuo Jisheng mixture (JDJM) has shown great potential in the treatment of KOA.

Development and validation of a prognostic nomogram for early HER2-positive and lymph node-negative breast cancer.

Background: Dual-targeted therapy is currently the standard adjuvant treatment for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) and lymph node-positive (LN+) breast cancer. However, the optimal therapeutic strategy for patients with HER2+ and lymph node-negative (LN-) breast cancer remains unclear. This population-based study aimed to explore the factors associated with survival in patients with HER2+ and LN- breast cancer, and develop a survival-predicting nomogram in the era of trastuzumab-based single-targeted therapy.

Decreased expression of programmed death-1 on CD8 effector memory T lymphocytes correlates with the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes.

Aims: Chronic inflammation of autoimmune diseases, including type 1 diabetes (T1D), is mainly mediated by memory T(Tm) cells, predominantly effector memory T (Tem) cells. The roles of the programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor on lymphocytes have been well studied in tumor and other infection models. However, little is known about the relationship between the expression of PD-1 on CD8 Tem cells and the pathogenesis of T1D.

"Sclerotic Band" type of classification system and measurement of necrotic area for osteonecrosis of the femoral head.

Osteonecrosis of the femoral head is a common orthopedic disease. Based on years of clinical experience and significant imaging data, this study aimed to elucidate a new type of it, to help improve prognosis in young adults and provide a basis for hip preservation treatment.From January 2014 to December 2016, a total of 211 patients undergoing hip preservation surgery for femoral head necrosis at our hospital were enrolled in this study.

Low Income and Nonadherence to Health Supervision Visits Predispose Children to More Emergency Room Utilization.

Social inequity can have broad health impacts. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of low income and nonadherence to health supervision visits on emergency room (ER) utilization in Eastern Brooklyn, New York. This study surveyed parents/guardians of children who received routine medical care at Brookdale ambulatory clinics from June 2017 to February 2018.

Facilitators and Barriers to Access to Pediatric Medical Services in a Community Hospital.

Missed medical appointments decrease continuity of medical care, waste resources, and may affect health outcomes. We examined the factors associated with missed children's supervision visits in Eastern Brooklyn, NY, USA. We surveyed guardians whose children received routine medical care at four pediatric clinics.

Comparison of the Short-Term and Long-Term Effects of Surgery and Nonsurgical Intervention in Treating Carpal Tunnel Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

The objective of the study is to examine the short-term and long-term efficacy of surgical treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) compared with conservative treatment (ie, splint, steroid injection, or physical therapy). Two reviewers searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PEDro up to September 2017. Quality appraisal and data extraction were performed in duplicate.

HIV/STI Prevention Interventions: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Behavioral interventions can prevent the transmission of HIV and sexually transmitted infections. This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses the effectiveness and quality of available evidence of HIV prevention interventions for people living with HIV in high-income settings. Searches were conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and CDC Compendium of Effective Interventions.

Examining the associations between HIV-related stigma and health outcomes in people living with HIV/AIDS: a series of meta-analyses.

Objective: To conduct a systematic review and series of meta-analyses on the association between HIV-related stigma and health among people living with HIV.

Data Sources: A structured search was conducted on 6 electronic databases for journal articles reporting associations between HIV-related stigma and health-related outcomes published between 1996 and 2013.

Study Eligibility Criteria: Controlled studies, cohort studies, case-control studies and cross-sectional studies in people living with HIV were considered for inclusion.

Confirmatory Factor and Rasch Analyses Support a Revised 14-Item Version of the Organizational, Policies, and Practices (OPP) Scale.

Background The long version of the organizational, policies and practices (OPP) had a high burden and short versions were developed to solve this drawback. The 11-item version showed promise, but the ergonomic subscale was deficient. The OPP-14 was developed by adding three additional items to the ergonomics subscale.