Mother-to-child transmission prevention of human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis and hepatitis B virus.

Background: China is the first country to initiate a nationwide program for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus, syphilis and hepatitis B virus by an integrated approach. However, the progress of this program remains unreported at national or local level for China. Therefore, we performed a hospital-based longitudinal study to assess the integrated prevention effect in Hunan, South-central China.

[Factors associated with introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods among infants aged 6-8 months in poor rural areas in Hunan Province in 2015].

Objective: To describe the rate of and identify the factors associated with introduction of solid, semi-solid or soft foods among infants aged 6-8 months in poor rural areas.

Methods: A total of 1449 rural infants aged 6-8 months in 30 poor counties of Wuling Mountains and Luoxiao Mountains in Hunan Province were selected by probabilityproportional-to-size sampling( PPS) in August 2015. And designed questionnaires were used to collect information of infants feeding in the past 24 h and information of personal and family.

A systematic study on the prevention and treatment of retinopathy of prematurity in China.

Background: To identify the prevention situation, the main factors influencing prevention effects and to develop control measures over retinopathy of prematurity in China.

Methods: Using stratified random sampling method, we randomly selected 23 provincial and ministerial hospitals (8 in Guangdong province, 5 in Hunan province and 10 in Shaanxi province), 81 municipal hospitals (38 in Guangdong province, 19 in Hunan province and 24 in Shaanxi province), 180 district and county hospitals (76 in Guangdong province, 57 in Hunan province and 47 in Shaanxi province) in China. A total of 284 hospitals were enrolled in the study, with questionnaires distributed investigating the status and constrain factors of ROP presentation.

[Influential factors associated with 2-week prevalence of fever and diarrhea among infants and young children at the age of 6-23 months in poor rural areas].

To investigate the status and influential factors associated with 2-week prevalence of fever and diarrhea among infants and young children at the age of 6-23 months in poor rural areas.
 Methods: A total of 8 735 rural infants and young children aged 6-23 months in 30 poor counties of Wuling Mountains and Luoxiao Mountains in Hunan Province were selected in August 2015, and the questionnaires were used to collect information on the prevalence of fever and diarrhea, person and families, and feeding status. The data for prevalence of fever and diarrhea in infants and young children were calculated, and multi-non-conditional logistic regression model were used to analyze the influential factors.

[Factors associated with taking Yingyangbao efficiently among infants and young children aged 6-24 months in poor rural areas of Hunan Province, China].

Objective: To describe the status and identify factors associated withtaking Yingyangbao efficiently among infants and young children aged 6- 24 months in poor rural areas.

Methods: A total of 7481 rural infants and young children aged between6 and 24 months in 25 poor counties of Wuling Mountains and Luoxiao Mountains in Hunan Province were selected by Probability-Proportional-to-Size Sampling( PPS), and designed questionnaires to collect infants and young children's information of personal, family and taking Yingyangbao. Non-conditional Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors associated with taking Yingyangbao among infants and young children aged 6- 24 months.

An artificial neural network prediction model of congenital heart disease based on risk factors: A hospital-based case-control study.

An artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed to predict the risks of congenital heart disease (CHD) in pregnant women.This hospital-based case-control study involved 119 CHD cases and 239 controls all recruited from birth defect surveillance hospitals in Hunan Province between July 2013 and June 2014. All subjects were interviewed face-to-face to fill in a questionnaire that covered 36 CHD-related variables.

A discriminant analysis prediction model of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate based on risk factors.

Background: A risk prediction model of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without cleft palate (NSCL/P) was established by a discriminant analysis to predict the individual risk of NSCL/P in pregnant women.

Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted with 113 cases of NSCL/P and 226 controls without NSCL/P. The cases and the controls were obtained from 52 birth defects' surveillance hospitals in Hunan Province, China.

[Impact factors analysis on child neglect of children aged 3-6 year-old in rural areas of China].

Objective: To investigate the major influence factors of child neglect among rural areas children aged 3-6 years in China.

Methods: According to multi-stage stratified cluster sampling, distribution characteristics and the level of economic development, we randomly sampled 10 provinces, 26 cities (8 capital cities, 16 prefecture-level cities and 2 municipalities) using lottery method. Depending on the different level of economic and cultural, we sampled one medium county from each city (municipalities sampled two counties), a total of 28 counties.

Biodiesel production from soybean oil by quaternized polysulfone alkali-catalyzed membrane.

A series of alkalized polysulfones (APSF) were synthesized by several chemical reactions (chloromethylation, quaternization and alkalization). Among these reactions, chloromethylation and quaternization are two key reactions and have been studied in detail regarding the optimization of both chloromethylation and quaternization. FTIR and (1)H NMR spectrum confirmed the successful preparation of chloromethylated polysulfone.

[Influencing factors on depression among medical staff in Hunan province under ordinal regression analysis].

Objective: To understand the situation of depression and its related influencing factors among medical staff in Hunan province.

Methods: Data were collected through random sampling with multi-stage stratified cluster. Wilcoxon rank sum test, Kruskal-Wallis H test and Ordinal regression analysis were used for data analysis by SPSS 17.

Relationship between caregivers' nutritional knowledge and children's dietary behavior in Chinese rural areas.

Objective: To explore the relationship between caregivers' nutritional knowledge and children's dietary behavior in rural areas of China.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. 3361 rural caregivers and their children, aged 2 to 7 years old, were selected randomly and surveyed by questionnaire.

[Development of the National Norms of Negligence on children aged 0 to 35 months in rural areas of China].

Objective: To develop the National Norms of Negligence (NNN) for rural children aged 0 to 35 months.

Methods: According to multi-stage stratified cluster sampling principle, 10 provinces or municipalities (Jilin, Shanxi, Shanxi, Beijing, Anhui, Jiangsu, Hunan, Hubei, Yunnan, Chongqing) in China were selected. A national research group was formed collaboratively.

[The status of child neglect among rural areas children aged 0 - 6 years in China].

Objective: To explore the status of child neglect among rural areas children aged 0 - 6 years in China.

Methods: A total of 7411 rural children aged 0 - 6 years old who were composed of two age groups (3315 children aged 0 - 2 years old and 4096 children aged 3 - 6 years old) were multistage stratified randomly sampled from 84 villages which were representative of 10 provinces of China, in accordance with sex and age in November 2010. To identify the child neglect based on the Neglect Norms for Children Aged 0 to 2 and 3 to 6 Years Old in Rural Areas of China, SPSS 13.

[Development of national neglect norms for children aged 3 to 6 years in rural areas of China].

Objective: To develop the national neglect norms for rural children aged 3 to 6 years, which are suitable for Chinese situations.

Methods: According to the multi-stage stratified cluster sampling principle, 84 towns of 10 provinces or municipalities were selected in China. Children aged 3 to 6 years were surveyed in November 2010, the sample of analysis were 3240 (of whom males were 49.

Surface glycosylation of polysulfone membrane towards a novel complexing membrane for boron removal.

In this study, a novel complexing membrane was synthesized for boron removal from aqueous solution. A glycopolymer, poly(2-gluconamidoethyl methacrylate) (PGAMA), was grafted onto the chloromethylated polysulfone (CMPSF) microporous membrane via surface-initiated ATRP (SIATRP). The glycosylated PSF (GlyPSF) membrane was characterized by attenuated total refection-Flourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM).

[Case-control study on environmental factors in congenital heart disease].

Objective: To explore the relation between environmental factors and the occurrence of congenital heart disease (CHD).

Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted. Mothers of 123 patients with congenital heart disease and 246 normal newborns were interviewed with standardized questionnaires.

[Analysis on influences of guardians on behavior of left-behind children aged 3 to 7 years in countryside].

Objective: To explore the influences of guardians on emotion and behavior of rural left-behind children aged 3 to 7 years.

Methods: A self-designed questionnaire of children's condition and Children Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (the edition for parents, SDQ) were used to investigate 805 left-behind children aged 3 to 7 years in countryside.

Results: The prevalence of difficulty among left-behind children was 3.

[A case-control study on genetic and environmental factors regarding polydactyly and syndactyly].

Objective: To explore the genetic and environmental factors related to the development of polydactyly and syndactyly, and to provide evidence for prevention on birth defects.

Methods: A hospital-based case-control study was conducted. 111 cases and 222 controls were interviewed with standardized questionnaires.

[Study on emotional, behavioral problems and related determinants among stranded children aged 4 to 7 years in the rural areas of China].

Objective: To understand emotional, behavioral problems and related determinants among rural stranded children and to provide evidence for further psychological support.

Methods: A total of 3944 caregivers of children in the rural areas and aged 4 to 7 years but without parents around, were randomly selected. Data were collected through Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires (the edition for parents, SDQ).

[Risk prediction model of perinatal congenital heart disease].

Through analyzing the influencing factors of congenital heart disease (CHD), it is aimed to establish CHD risk prediction model in fetus, and simultaneously provide theoretical foundation for CHD prevention. One-factor logistic regression method was used to screen the significant factors regarding CHD, and to separately adopt multiple-factor non-conditional logistic regression method and decision tree to set up model prediction fetus CHD risk and to analyze the advantages and shortcomings. Correct classification rates turned to be 80.

[The status on care and nutrition of 774 children staying in rural areas while parents were in towns].

Objective: To understand the status on care and nutrition of children living in the rural areas (so called 'left-behind' children) while their parents were seeking for jobs in the urban areas.

Methods: Cross-sectional study was employed in this investigation. The group of 'left-behind' children (n = 774) and the comparison group (n = 774) were identified.