The first large scale rDNA amplicon database of soil microbiomes from Pamir Plateau, China.

The Eastern Pamir, distinguished with high altitude, extremely arid and cold climate, limited nutrients and sparse vegetation, is a unique ecological reservoir. Microbial communities play a central role in maintaining Eastern Pamir's ecosystem functioning. Despite the ecological significance, due to the difficulty of sample collection and microbial isolation, the microbial diversity and its functionality at the Pamir Plateau have been rarely documented.

sp. nov., isolated from rhizosphere soil of .

A Gram-negative, aerobic, gliding motile, rod-shaped bacterium, designated XAAS-72, was isolated from the rhizosphere soil of sampled in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, PR China. Cells grew at 4-45 °C, pH 5.0-8.

Seasonal Dynamics and Persistency of Endophyte Communities in Shifts Under Radiation Stress.

Endophytes are essential components of plant microbiota. Studies have shown that environmental factors and seasonal alternation can change the microbial community composition of plants. However, most studies have mainly emphasized the transitive endophyte communities and seasonal alternation but paid less attention to their persistence through multiple seasons.

Litoribacter populi sp. nov., isolated from the soil of a Populus euphratica forest.

A Gram-stain-negative, rod-shaped, and orange-pigmented bacterium, designated XAAS-A1, was isolated from the soil of a Populus euphratica forest. The main respiratory quinone of XAAS-A1 is MK-7, and the principal cellular fatty acids are iso-C, C ω6c, Iso-C 3OH, and summed feature 3 (Cω6c and/or Cω7c). The major polar lipids are phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, and two unidentified lipids.

Deinococcus detaillensis sp. nov., isolated from humus soil in Antarctica.

A Gram-staining-positive, non-motile, coccus or short-rod-shaped bacterium, designated H1, was isolated from a humus soil sample in the Detaille Island of Antarctica. The 16S rRNA gene sequence result indicated that strain H1 shared the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence identity with the type strain of Deinococcus alpinitundrae (96.2%).

Biotransformation of Huperzine A by Irpex lacteus-A fungal endophyte of Huperzia serrata.

The biotransformation of huperzine A (hupA), one of the characteristic bioactive constituents of the medicinal plant Huperzia serrata, by a fungal endophyte of the host plant was studied. Two previously undescribed compounds 1-2, along with a known analog 8α,15α-epoxyhuperzine A (3), were isolated and identified. The structures of all the isolates were established by spectroscopic methods including NMR, MS, IR, and UV spectra.

Biotransformation of Huperzine B by a Fungal Endophyte of Huperzia serrata.

The biotransformation of huperzine B (hupB), one of the characteristic bioactive constituents of the medicinal plant Huperzia serrata, by a fungal endophyte of the host plant was studied. One new compound, 8α,15α-epoxyhuperzine B (1), along with two known oxygenated hupB analogs, 16-hydroxyhuperzine B (2) and carinatumin B (3), was isolated and identified. The structures of all the isolates were deduced by spectroscopic methods including NMR, MS, IR, and UV spectra.

Deinococcus malanensis sp. nov., isolated from radiation-polluted soil.

A Gram-staining positive, non-spore forming, short rod-shaped and coccus-shaped, non-motile, pink-colored, gamma- and UV-resistant strain, designated T93 was isolated from soil of Malan area in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, Northwest China. The taxonomic position of the new isolate was determined using a polyphasic approach. Strain T93 shared the highest 16 S rRNA gene sequence similarity with Deinococcus deserti VCD115 (97.

Paenibacillus wulumuqiensis sp. nov. and Paenibacillus dauci sp. nov., two novel species of the genus Paenibacillus.

Two Gram-staining-positive, aerobic, motile, endospore-forming, rod-shaped bacteria, designated strains Y24(T) and H9(T) were isolated from cold spring and carrot (Daucus L.) samples, respectively, in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, north-western China. The taxonomic positions of the two new isolates were determined by using a polyphasic approach.

Paenibacillus algorifonticola sp. nov., isolated from a cold spring.

A Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium, designated XJ259(T), was isolated from a cold spring sample from Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, China. The isolate grew optimally at 20-30 °C and pH 7.3-7.

Yuhushiella deserti gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the suborder Pseudonocardineae.

A thermotolerant, Gram-stain-positive, aerobic, sporangium-forming actinomycete, strain RA45(T), was isolated from a desert region in Xinjiang Uigur Autonomous Region, north-western China. Comparative analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence and phenotypic characterization revealed that strain RA45(T) belonged phylogenetically to the family Pseudonocardiaceae of the suborder Pseudonocardineae. Strain RA45(T) showed more than 5  % 16S rRNA gene sequence divergence from recognized species of genera in the family Pseudonocardiaceae, forming a distinct lineage within the evolutionary radiation occupied by the genera Amycolatopsis, Prauserella, Thermocrispum, Saccharomonospora, Saccharopolyspora and Sciscionella, but distinct from each of them.

Deinococcus wulumuqiensis sp. nov., and Deinococcus xibeiensis sp. nov., isolated from radiation-polluted soil.

The taxonomic positions of two gamma- and UV-ray-resistant strains isolated from radiation-polluted soil in north-west China were determined in a polyphasic study. The organisms, designated R12(T) and R13(T), were Gram-stain-positive, non-spore-forming cocci, which contained MK-8 as the major respiratory quinone and C(16 : 1)omega7c and C(16 : 0) as major fatty acids. The cell walls of strains R12(T) and R13(T) contained ornithine.

Lechevalieria xinjiangensis sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from radiation-polluted soil in China.

A novel actinomycete was isolated from radiation-polluted soil collected from Xinjiang in north-western China. The isolate, strain R24(T), was found to have chemical and morphological properties associated with members of the genus Lechevalieria. An almost-complete 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate was aligned with corresponding sequences from representatives of the genus Lechevalieria and related taxa, using three tree-making algorithms, and was shown to form a distinct phyletic line in the Lechevalieria phylogenetic tree.

Streptomyces radiopugnans sp. nov., a radiation-resistant actinomycete isolated from radiation-polluted soil in China.

The taxonomic position of an actinomycete isolated from radiation-polluted soil collected in Xinjiang Province, north-west China, was determined by using a polyphasic approach. The isolate, designated strain R97T, had chemical and morphological properties characteristic of streptomycetes. An almost-complete 16S rRNA gene sequence of the isolate was generated and compared with corresponding sequences of representative streptomycetes.