Computerised modified paramedian approach technique versus conventional midline approach technique of lumbar puncture: a randomised control trial protocol.

Introduction: The lumbar puncture (LP) technique is widely used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In recent years, the paramedian approach technique (PAT) has gained increasing interest due to its advantages over the conventional midline approach technique (MAT) that has been traditionally employed in clinical practice for LP. However, there have been inconsistent discussions regarding the efficacy of different LP techniques.

p2 of rice stripe virus (RSV) interacts with OsSGS3 and is a silencing suppressor.

A rice cDNA library was screened by a galactosidase 4 (Gal4)-based yeast two-hybrid system with Rice stripe virus (RSV) p2 as bait. The results revealed that RSV p2 interacted with a rice protein exhibiting a high degree of identity with Arabidopsis thaliana suppressor of gene silencing 3 (AtSGS3). The interaction was confirmed by bimolecular fluorescence complementation assay.

Expression of rice gall dwarf virus outer coat protein gene (S8) in insect cells.

To obtain the P8 protein of Rice gall dwarf virus (RGDV) with biological activity, its outer coat protein gene S8 was expressed in Spodoptera frugiperda (Sf9) insect cells using the baculovirus expression system. The S8 gene was subcloned into the pFastBac™1 vector, to produce the recombinant baculovirus transfer vector pFB-S8. After transformation, pFB-S8 was introduced into the competent cells (E.

Identification of Pns6, a putative movement protein of RRSV, as a silencing suppressor.

RNA silencing is a potent antiviral response in plants. As a counterdefense, most plant and some animal viruses encode RNA silencing suppressors. In this study, we showed that Pns6, a putative movement protein of Rice ragged stunt virus (RRSV), exhibited silencing suppressor activity in coinfiltration assays with the reporter green fluorescent protein (GFP) in transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line 16c.

A bacteriophage-related chimeric marine virus infecting abalone.

Marine viruses shape microbial communities with the most genetic diversity in the sea by multiple genetic exchanges and infect multiple marine organisms. Here we provide proof from experimental infection that abalone shriveling syndrome-associated virus (AbSV) can cause abalone shriveling syndrome. This malady produces histological necrosis and abnormally modified macromolecules (hemocyanin and ferritin).

Constituents from the seeds of Brucea javanica with inhibitory activity of Tobacco mosaic virus.

Three new constituents were obtained along with 10 known compounds from the seeds of Brucea javanica. The structures of these compounds were determined based on spectral and chemical evidence. These new compounds included a monoterpenoid glycoside and two sesquiterpenes.

Identification of two marine fungi and evaluation of their antivirus and antitumor activities.

Objective: To identify two marine fungi and evaluate the inhibitory effects of their crude extracts on Tobacco mosaic virus and two tumor cell lines.

Methods: Crude extracts was obtained by extracting with MeOH and evaporated in vacuo. The extracts was water-soluble fraction which was dissolved in water, and the other fraction was water insoluble.

Pc4, a putative movement protein of Rice stripe virus, interacts with a type I DnaJ protein and a small Hsp of rice.

Rice stripe virus (RSV) infects rice and causes great yield reduction in some Asian countries. In this study, rice cDNA library was screened by a Gal4-based yeast two-hybrid system using pc4, a putative movement protein of RSV, as the bait. A number of positive colonies were identified and sequence analysis revealed that they might correspond to ten independent proteins.

Structure-activity relationship of triterpenes and triterpenoid glycosides against tobacco mosaic virus.

A new activity of triterpenes and triterpenoid glycosides against phytovirus has been found. Based on the anti-TMV replication activity in vivo, 47 triterpenes and triterpenoid glycosides were screened through the leaf-disk method together with indirect ELISA. Structure-activity relationships were analyzed according to the results of bio-activity screening.

Antiphytoviral activity of bruceine-D from Brucea javanica seeds.

Background: Brucea javanica (L.) Merr. is widely distributed throughout the southern parts of China and has been used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of diseases.

[Effects of microcystins on expression of apoptosis-associated hepatocyte genes].

Objective: To deeply explore the effects of microcystins (MC-LR) on Bax and Bcl-2 during the course of MC-LR promoting liver tumor.

Methods: applied to set up the animal model, and the effect of MC-LR promoting liver tumor was evaluated by the Albertgamma-GT methods. And then, the immunohistochemical technique, RT-PCR and image analysis were used to study the expression of the Bcl-2 and Bax during the course of promoting tumor.

[Current situation and prospect of studies on genus Umbravirus].

Umbraviruses are a group of imperfectly characterized plant viruses, which are distinguished from most other viruses by their genomes lack of a gene for coat protein (CP) , and as a result umbraviruses do not form conventional virus particles. Umbraviruses are mechanically transmissible, and can be aphid transmitted in the persistent manner by an unrelated assistor virus, which is always a member of the family Luteoviridae . In nature, each umbravirus depends for survival on one particular luteovirus.

[Purification of plastocynin from Ulva pertusa by column chromatography and analysis of its N-terminal amino acid sequence].

Protein plastocyanin from a green alga, Ulva pertusa, has been purified. Samples were homogenized in 0.02 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 7.

[Sequence aanlysis of intergenic region of rice stripe virus RNA4: evidence for mixed infection and genomic variation].

The intergenic region (IR) of the RNA4 of 22 isolates of Rice stripe virus (RSV) in China was cloned and sequenced. The IR sequences were compared with one another and with that from Japan. Sequence comparisons showed that these isolates could be divided into three different types, with the IR length of 634 bp, 654 bp and 732 bp, respectively.

[Purification and activities of an alkaline protein from mushroom Coprinus comatus].

An Alkaline protein, y3, can be purified from the fruiting bodies of mushroom Coprinus comatus by means of CM-sepharose FF ion-exchange column chromatography and Superdex 75 High Resolution molecular sieve chromatography. The protein has a molecular weight of about 14.4kD by SDS-PAGA.

[Screening of proteins anti-tobacco mosaic virus in Pleurotus eryngii].

Proteins were obtained by ion-exchange chromatography and gel filtration from the dry sample of Pleurotus eryngii. In terms of detection on local lesion host, these components were confirmed to be anti-TMV and their inhibition rates reach more than 70%, or even 99%. The protein named xb68Ab of MW 23.

Molecular characterization of a new lectin from the marine alga Ulva pertusa.

A new lectin, named UPL1, was purified from a green alga Ulva pertusa by an affinity chromatography on the bovine-thyroglobulin-Sepharose 4B column. The molecular mass of the algal lectin was about 23 kD by SDS-PAGE, and it specifically agglutinated rabbit erythrocytes. The hemagglutinating activity for rabbit erythrocytes could be inhibited by bovine thyroglobulin and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.

[Sequence analysis of RNA3 of Rice stripe virus isolates found in China: evidence for reassortment in Tenuivirus].

The RNA3 segments of four isolates of Rice stripe virus (RSV), isolated from endemic sites at Panjin (PJ), Liaoning Province, Kunming (KM) and Yiliang (YL), Yunnan Province, as well as from outbreak sites at Hongze (HZ), Jiangsu Province, were determined. RNA3 of these four isolates were 2480 bp, 2509 bp, 2489 bp and 2497 bp in length, respectively. Compared with RNA3 of T and M isolates from Japan and Y isolate from Yunnan Province of China, that had been previously reported, these seven isolates could be divided into two groups.

Purification and Characterization of AAVP, a Protein Inhibitor of TMV Infection, from the Edible Fungus, Agrocybe aegerita.

A protein with activity of inhibiting TMV infection on Nicotiana glutinosa, named AAVP, was isolated and purified from the fruiting bodies of edible fungus Agrocybe aegerita by precipitation of 40%--80% saturation of (NH(4))(2)SO(4) followed by DEAE-Fast Flow and S-200 column chromatography. The protein was proved to be homogeneous by SDS-PAGE and IEF. Analysis of the composition of amino acids showed that this protein contained no cysteine, poor in methionine and phenylalanine and rich in acidic and hydroxyl amino acids.