Cyanogroup-Modified PEO-Based Electrolytes Achieve High Free Al Concentration and Improve the Transport Dynamics in Solid-State Aluminum-Ion Batteries.

Polymer-based solid electrolyte boasting ultra-high safety, energy density, mechanical strength and flexibility, attracting much attention in the field of battery applications. However, its widespread application is hindered by the low conductivity, insufficient aluminium salt dissociation, high crystallization degree, short service life, etc. To solve the above problems, a composite solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) design based on polyethylene oxide (PEO, Mw = 6 000 000) with AlCl·6HO as aluminum salt and butanedinitrile (SN) as plasticizer is proposed in this paper.

Bridging activity gaps between batch and flow reactor configurations in the electroreduction of carbon dioxide.

To date, the understanding of various modes of CO mass transport remains incomplete, impeding the transfer of catalysts identified in the more accessible electrochemical batch cells to high-performance flow cells. In this work, we demonstrate that the meniscus region formed between the electrode and the convex liquid level due to the electrowetting of the catalyst plays a vital role in the CORR in batch cells. CORR in the meniscus region in batch cells exhibits similar performance with that in flow cells, and the performance disparity between these two configurations largely disappears when conducting CORR primarily in the meniscus region.

Hollow tubular sea-urchin structure with high catalytic activity of NiCoSe@CS cathodes for high-performance Al/S batteries.

The shuttle effect of aluminum polysulfides (AlPSs) have been a source of concern for studying Al/S batteries. Due to the weak adsorption of CS composites, research on cathode materials for Al/S batteries has been delayed. As it is generally known that AlS decomposition demands a large Gibbs free energy, this work has tried to reduce the AlS decomposition potential energy.

α-MnO Cathode with Oxygen Vacancies Accelerated Affinity Electrolyte for Dual-Ion Co-Encapsulated Aqueous Aluminum Ion Batteries.

Aluminum batteries (ABs) are identified as one of the most promising candidates for the next generation of large-scale energy storage elements because of their efficient three-electron reaction. Compared to ionic electrolytes, aqueous aluminum-ion batteries (AAIBs) are considered safer, less costly, and more environmentally friendly. However, considerable cycling performance is a key issue limiting the development of AAIBs.

Design, Synthesis, Formulation, and Bioevaluation of Trisubstituted Triazines as Highly Selective mTOR Inhibitors for the Treatment of Human Breast Cancer.

The aberrant activation of the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway is implicated in various human cancers. Thus, the development of inhibitors targeting mTOR has attracted considerable attention. In this study, we used a structure-based drug design strategy to discover a highly potent and kinase-selective mTOR inhibitor (), which demonstrated an mTOR inhibitory IC value of 1.

Dual-Salt Mixed Electrolyte for High Performance Aqueous Aluminum Batteries.

A dual-salt electrolyte with 5 M Al(OTF) and 0.5 M LiOTF is proposed for aqueous aluminum batteries, which can effectively prevent the corrosion caused by the hydrogen evolution reaction. With the addition of LiOTF in the electrolyte, the solvation phenomenon has changed with the coordination mode of Al conversion from an all octahedral structure to a mixed octahedral and tetrahedral structure.

Can feature structure improve model's precision? A novel prediction method using artificial image and image identification.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop an approach to enhance the model precision by artificial images.

Materials And Methods: Given an epidemiological study designed to predict response using features with samples, each feature was converted into a pixel with certain value. Permutated these pixels into orders, resulting in distinct artificial image sample sets.

Correlating the Experimentally Determined CO Adsorption Enthalpy with the Electrochemical CO Reduction Performance on Cu Surfaces.

CO binding energy has been widely employed as a descriptor for effective catalysts in the electrochemical CO and CO reduction reactions (CO RR), however, it has yet to be determined experimentally at electrochemical interfaces due to the lack of suitable techniques. In this work, we developed a method to determine the standard adsorption enthalpy of CO on Cu surfaces with quantitative surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy. On dendritic Cu at -0.

Boosting Simultaneous Uranium Decorporation and Reactive Oxygen Species Scavenging Efficiency by Lacunary Polyoxometalates.

The chemical toxicity and the oxidative stress induced by the internal exposure of uranium is responsible for the long-term adverse effect of in vivo contamination of uranium. An agent with simultaneous removal capability of uranium and excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) is highly desired. Herein, the lacunary Keggin-type polyoxometalate (POM) is demonstrated to selectively bind with uranyl ions in the presence of excess essential divalent ions and exhibits a compelling ROS scavenging efficiency of 78.

Effective mitigation of gadolinium deposition using the bidentate hydroxypyridinone ligand Me-3,2-HOPO.

With the extensive usage of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), gadolinium deposition has been observed in the brain, kidneys, liver, ., and this is also closely related to the development of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in patients with renal dysfunction. Chelation, thereby promoting the elimination of deposited Gd(III), seems to be promising for alleviating these problems.

Cobalt-promoted synthesis of sulfurated oxindoles radical annulation of -arylacrylamides with disulfides.

An efficient radical annulation of -arylacrylamides with disulfides is developed for the synthesis of sulfurated oxindoles. The reaction occurs in a facile manner using CoBr as both an initiator and a promoter for the first time and (NH)SO as the oxidant. By controlling the CoBr/(NH)SO ratio, a wide range of sulfurated and brominated/sulfurated oxindoles are selectively prepared in good to excellent yields.

Uniqueness and stability of periodic solutions for an interactive wild and -infected male mosquito model.

We investigate a mosquito population suppression model, which includes the release of -infected males causing incomplete cytoplasmic incompatibility (CI). The model consists of two sub-equations by considering the density-dependent birth rate of wild mosquitoes. By assuming the release waiting period is larger than the sexual lifespan of -infected males, we derive four thresholds: the CI intensity threshold , the release amount thresholds and , and the waiting period threshold .

Direct Conversion of Syngas to Light Olefins through Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis over Fe-Zr Catalysts Modified with Sodium.

Fe-Zr-Na catalysts synthesized by coprecipitation and impregnation methods were implemented to investigate the promoting effects of Na and Zr on the iron-based catalyst for high-temperature Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (HTFT). The catalysts were characterized by Ar adsorption-desorption, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, CO temperature-programmed desorption, H temperature-programmed desorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and Mössbauer spectroscopy (MES). The results indicated that Na changed the active sites on the catalyst surface for the CO and hydrogen adsorption, owing to the electron migration from Na to Fe atoms, which resulted in an enhanced CO dissociative adsorption and a decrease in hydrogen adsorption on the metallic Fe surface.

Study of the Fischer-Tropsch synthesis on nano-precipitated iron-based catalysts with different particle sizes.

Nano iron-based catalysts with different particle sizes were prepared by a co-precipitated method and characterized by XRD, N adsorption, SEM, Mössbauer spectroscopy, XPS, H-TPR, CO-TPD, H-TPD and TGA. The CO-TPD results revealed that large particle sizes of catalysts were not conducive to the adsorption of CO, and exhibited low activity of FTS. The decrease of catalyst particle size enhanced the interaction between Fe and Mn, and promoted the CO chemical adsorption and the formation of FeC, but the hydrogenation reaction was inhibited as confirmed by H-TPD.

Adoption of Machine Learning in Intelligent Terrain Classification of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Images.

To overcome the difficulty of automating and intelligently classifying the ground features in remote-sensing hyperspectral images, machine learning methods are gradually introduced into the process of remote-sensing imaging. First, the PaviaU, Botswana, and Cuprite hyperspectral datasets are selected as research subjects in this study, and the objective is to process remote-sensing hyperspectral images via machine learning to realize the automatic and intelligent classification of features. Then, the basic principles of the support vector machine (SVM) and extreme learning machine (ELM) classification algorithms are introduced, and they are applied to the datasets.

Associations of CXCL1 gene 5'UTR variations with ovarian cancer.

Background: There are about 2.4 hundred thousand new cases and 1.5 hundred thousand deaths of ovarian cancer (OC) annually in the world.

Recent Achievements in Noble Metal Catalysts with Unique Nanostructures for Liquid Fuel Cells.

In recent years, research efforts have been focused on the design and fabrication of highly efficient catalysts for liquid fuel cells, because the use of these cells is an important approach for alleviating environmental pollution and energy crises. However, the limitations of the catalytic performance of industrial Pt/C have strongly hindered the development of these fuel cells. The catalyst morphology has a strong impact on its performance; nanostructured catalysts are preferred as they offer large specific surface area and more exposed active centers.

Effects of Sm on Fe-Mn catalysts for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis.

Sm-promoted FeMn catalysts were prepared by the co-precipitation method and characterized by N adsorption, XRD, CO-TPD, H-TPD, CO-TPD, H-TPR, XPS and MES. It was found that compared with the un-promoted catalyst, when Sm was added at a proper content, the catalyst showed a larger BET surface area and promoted the formation of iron particles with a smaller size. The presence of Sm could increase the surface charge density of iron, which enhanced the Fe-C bond and promoted the stability and amount of CO dissociated adsorption, as confirmed by XPS and CO-TPD.

Ultrathin one-dimensional platinum-cobalt nanowires as efficient catalysts for the glycerol oxidation reaction.

Direct fuel cells are regarded as the most portable device for alleviating the problems of the energy dilemma and environmental disruption. Although direct fuel cells have a number of advantages, the lack of highly-efficient anode catalysts inhibits their wide application. To address this challenge, we report a facile one-pot method to fabricate a series of ultrathin platinum-cobalt (Pt-Co) nanowires with different proportions.

The nonlinear dynamics and fluctuations of mRNA levels in cell cycle coupled transcription.

Gene transcription is a noisy process, and cell division cycle is an important source of gene transcription noise. In this work, we develop a mathematical approach by coupling transcription kinetics with cell division cycles to delineate how they are combined to regulate transcription output and noise. In view of gene dosage, a cell cycle is divided into an early stage [Formula: see text] and a late stage [Formula: see text].

Linking dynamical complexities from activation signals to transcription responses.

The transcription of inducible genes involves signalling pathways that induce DNA binding of the downstream transcription factors to form functional promoter states. How the transcription dynamics is linked to the temporal variations of activation signals is far from being fully understood. In this work, we develop a mathematical model with multiple promoter states to address this question.

Shape-control of one-dimensional PtNi nanostructures as efficient electrocatalysts for alcohol electrooxidation.

Bimetallic one-dimensional (1D) nanostructures such as nanowires (NWs) and nanorods (NRs), serving as high-efficiency anode electrocatalysts, have attracted extensive attention in the past decade. However, the precise design and synthesis of 1D Pt-based nanocrystals with tunable morphology and size still remain an arduous challenge. Driven by this, we report a facile yet efficient strategy for the first time to prepare PtNi ultrafine NWs (UNWs), sinuous NWs (SNWs) and ultrashort NRs (UNRs) by adjusting the amount of citric acid, ascorbic acid and glucose.

Jatrorrhizine Hydrochloride Suppresses RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis and Protects against Wear Particle-Induced Osteolysis.

Wear particle-induced aseptic prosthetic loosening is a major complication associated with total joint arthroplasty (TJA). A growing body of evidence suggests that receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL)-stimulated osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption are responsible for peri-implant loosening. Thus, agents which attenuate excessive osteoclast differentiation and function have been considered to offer therapeutic potential for prolonging the life of TJA implants.

Pharmacokinetics of homoplantaginin in rats following intravenous, peritoneal injection and oral administration.

The purpose of the present paper was to study the pharmacokinetic characteristics of homoplantaginin, a major active ingredient of Salvia plebeia R.Br. In this study, the effective partition coefficient, in situ absorption in rat intestinal segments and in vitro biotransformation of homoplantaginin by rat intestinal bacteria were determined.