Selinexor in combination with venetoclax and decitabine in patients with refractory myelodysplastic syndrome previously exposed to hypomethylating agents: three case reports.

The management of patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) refractory to hypomethylating agents (HMAs) remains a challenge with few reliably effective treatments. Preclinical studies have shown that the inhibition of the nuclear export protein XPO1 causes nuclear accumulation of p53 and disruption of NF-κB signaling; both of which are relevant targets for MDS. Selinexor is an XPO1 inhibitor with demonstrated efficacy in MDS patients.

Screening and identification of viruses in termites: behavior-regulating roles of RcBsV and RcBV.

Background: Termites live underground in a social setting having continuous contact with microorganism. However, there is no comparative study on virus diversity and relative abundance between termites, castes and body parts in termites. To address this gap, pseudergates of Cryptotermes declivis, workers of the Odontotermes formosanus, and workers, soldiers and alates of the Reticulitermes chinensis were used as experimental materials to perform virome sequencing, virus annotations and their relative abundance analysis.

Study on the role of RPL23 gene in active immunity of termite Reticulitermes chinensis against Metarhizium anisopliae.

Ribosomal proteins are considered to be involved in the immunity of different animals against pathogens. The protein level of RPL23 increased after fungal infection in termites, but how it influence active immunity in termites is unknown. The role of RPL23 gene was studied to evaluate its impact on active immunity of termite Reticulitermes chinensis against entomopathogenic fungus (EPF) Metarhizium anisopliae.

Spiders manipulate and exploit bioluminescent signals of fireflies.

Predators often search for prey while moving through the environment, but there are important exceptions, including the way sedentary predators sometimes rely on signals for drawing prey to within striking distance. Some spiders, for instance, leave the remnants of previously-captured prey in their webs where they function as static lures that effectively attract a diverse array of additional prey. However, important questions remain concerning how specific the targeted prey may be and how dynamic, instead of static, signalling might be.

A bioinspired supramolecular nanoprodrug for precision therapy of B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

Fludarabine (FA) is still considered as a first-line chemotherapy drug for hematological tumors related to B lymphocytes. However, it is worth noting that the non-specific distribution and non-different cytotoxicity of FA may lead to irreversible consequences such as central nervous system damage such as blindness, coma, and even death. Therefore, it is very important to develop a system to targeting delivery FA.

Uncovering the function of insulin receptor substrate in termites' immunity through active immunization.

Insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins are key mediators in insulin signaling pathway. In social insect lives, IRS proteins played important roles in caste differentiation and foraging, but there function in disease defenses such as active immunization has not been reported yet. To investigate the issue, we successfully suppressed the IRS gene 3 days after dsRNA injection.

Multiplex Asymmetric PCR by Combining the Amplification Refractory Mutation System with the Homo-Tag-Assisted Nondimer System.

Asymmetric PCR is widely used to produce single-stranded amplicons (ss-amplicons) for various downstream applications. However, conventional asymmetric PCR schemes are susceptible to events that affect primer availability, which can be exacerbated by multiplex amplification. In this study, a new multiplex asymmetric PCR approach that combines the amplification refractory mutation system (ARMS) with the homo-Tag-assisted nondimer system (HANDS) is described.

Effect of entomopathogenic fungi on behavior and physiology of Solenopsis invicta (Hymenoptera, Formicidae).

In an ant colony, a large number of nestmates with a similar gene pool coexist, making them more vulnerable to pathogenic attacks. These pathogens influence the behavior and physiology of the fire ant Solenopsis invicta Buren. Here, we evaluated the impact of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) Metarhizium anisopliae on the behavior (locomotion and foraging) and physiology (biological molecules, anti-fungal activity, and survival) of S.

Entomopathogenic fungi-based silver nanoparticles: a potential substitute of synthetic insecticides to counter behavioral and physiological immunity in Aedes aegypti mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae).

Excessive use of synthetic insecticides has resulted in environmental contamination and adverse effects on humans and other non-target organisms. Entomopathogenic fungi offer eco-friendly alternatives; however, their application for pest control requires significant advancement owing to limitations like slow killing time and effectiveness only when applied in higher amounts, whereas exposure to UV radiation, high temperature, and humidity can also reduce their viability and shelf-life. The nanoparticles synthesized using fungal extracellular extracts provide a new approach to use fungal pathogens.

Accessory gland protein regulates pairing process and oviposition in the subterranean termite Reticulitermes chinensis after swarming.

Swarming and pairing behaviors are significant to population dispersal of termites. Tandem running is a key process in pairing behavior of dealates to find a mate. Succinylation can lead to significant changes in protein structure and function, which is widely involved in metabolism and behavior regulation in many organisms.

Neuroregulation of foraging behavior mediated by the olfactory co-receptor Orco in termites.

Olfaction is critical for survival because it allows animals to look for food and detect pheromonal cues. Neuropeptides modulate olfaction and behaviors in insects. While how the neuroregulation of olfactory recognition affects foraging behavior in termites is still unclear.

Circadian Rhythms of Locomotor Activity Mediated by and Genes in the Termites and .

Locomotor activity rhythms are crucial for foraging, mating and predator avoidance in insects. Although the circadian rhythms of activity have been studied in several termite species, the molecular mechanisms of circadian rhythms in termites are still unclear. In this study, we found that two termite species, and , exhibited clear circadian rhythms of locomotor activity in constant darkness along with rhythmically expressed core clock genes, and .

Nucleoporin Seh1 controls murine neocortical development via transcriptional repression of p21 in neural stem cells.

Mutations or dysregulation of nucleoporins (Nups) are strongly associated with neural developmental diseases, yet the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we show that depletion of Nup Seh1 in radial glial progenitors results in defective neural progenitor proliferation and differentiation that ultimately manifests in impaired neurogenesis and microcephaly. This loss of stem cell proliferation is not associated with defects in the nucleocytoplasmic transport.

Protein Dynamic Landscape of Pig Embryos during Peri-Implantation Development.

Properly developed embryos are critical for successful embryo implantation. The dynamic landscape of proteins as executors of biological processes in pig peri-implantation embryos has not been reported so far. In this study, we collected pig embryos from days 9, 12, and 15 of pregnancy during the peri-implantation stage for a PASEF-based quantitative proteomic analysis.

Accurate Detection of Multiple Tumor Mutations in Formalin-Fixed Paraffin-Embedded Tissues by Coupling Sequence Artifacts Elimination and Mutation Enrichment With MeltArray.

Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues are the primary source of DNA for companion diagnostics (CDx) of cancers. Degradation of FFPE tissue DNA and inherent tumor heterogeneity constitute serious challenges in current CDx assays. To address these limitations, we introduced sequence artifact elimination and mutation enrichment to MeltArray, a highly multiplexed PCR approach, to establish an integrated protocol that provides accuracy, ease of use, and rapidness.

Entomopathogenic fungal infection following immune gene silencing decreased behavioral and physiological fitness in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes.

Entomopathogenic fungi are a promising category of biocontrol agents with mosquitocidal properties. Prior studies have proved their potential to reduce fecundity, human biting and vector competence, all of them together determine vectorial capacity of the mosquitoes. Unfortunately, conventional vector control strategies are inadequate with growing problem of insecticide resistance and environmental deterioration.

Highly Sensitive Detection of PIK3CA Mutations by Looping-Out Probes-Based Melting Curve Analysis.

PIK3CA mutations have important therapeutic and prognostic implications in various cancer types. However, highly sensitive detection of PIK3CA hotspot mutations in heterogeneous tumor samples remains a challenge in clinical settings. To establish a rapid PCR assay for highly sensitive detection of multiple PIK3CA hotspot mutations.

Hierarchical Hollow-TiO@CdS/ZnS Hybrid for Solar-Driven CO-Selective Conversion.

Light-driven valorization conversion of CO is an encouraging carbon-negative pathway that shifts energy-reliance from fossil fuels to renewables. Herein, a hierarchical urchin-like hollow-TiO@CdS/ZnS (HTO@CdS/ZnS) Z-scheme hybrid synthesized by an in situ self-assembly strategy presents superior photocatalytic CO-to-CO activity with nearly 100% selectivity. Specifically, benefitting from the reasonable architectural and interface design, as well as surface modification, this benchmarked visible-light-driven photocatalyst achieves a CO output of 62.

Transcriptomics Reveals the Killing Mechanism by Which Entomopathogenic Fungi Manipulate the RNA Expression Profiles of Termites and Provides Inspiration for Green Pest Management.

As chemical pesticides have caused serious environmental pollution, fungus-based biological control has become a developing alternative to chemical control. Here, we aimed to determine the molecular mechanism underlying how facilitated invasive infection. We found that the fungus increased its virulence by downregulating () and () throughout termite bodies.

The complete mitochondrial genome of the flea (Siphonaptera: Hystrichopsylla).

The complete mitogenome sequence of the flea, (Siphonaptera: Hystrichopsylla) was sequenced. The 17,173 bp long genome has the standard metazoan complement of 37 genes. These genes contain 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and one control region.