Oxytocin ameliorates cognitive impairments by attenuating excitation/inhibition imbalance of neurotransmitters acting on parvalbumin interneurons in a mouse model of sepsis-associated encephalopathy.

Inflammation plays a crucial role in the initiation and progression of sepsis, and it also induces alterations in brain neurotransmission, thereby contributing to the development of sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Parvalbumin (PV) interneurons are pivotal contributors to cognitive processes in various central dysfunctions including SAE. Oxytocin, known for its ability to augment the firing rate of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic interneurons and directly stimulate inhibitory interneurons to enhance the tonic inhibition of pyramidal neurons, has prompted an investigation into its potential effects on cognitive dysfunction in SAE.

Identification of Cuproptosis-Related Genes in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent hepatic pathology worldwide. However, the precise molecular mechanisms for NAFLD are still not sufficiently explained. Recently, a new mode of cell death (cuproptosis) is found.

Preparation of small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) with simethicone: A meta-analysis.

Background: It is disputed about optimal bowel preparation for small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE). This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the role of simethicone in intestinal preparation for SBCE.

Methods: We searched four databases (PubMed, web of science, Embase, and Scopus databases) for relevant studies.

Psoriasis and medical ramifications: A comprehensive analysis based on observational meta-analyses.

Purpose: Based on a large number of systematic reviews and meta-analyses exploring the relationship between psoriasis and various health outcomes, we conducted an comprehensive analysis to assess the strength and evidence for the association between psoriasis and medical end-point ramifications in patients.

Methods: We searched related meta-analyses, investigating the links between psoriasis and medical ramifications from three databases. All summary effect sizes, 95% CIs, heterogeneity, and small-study effects in the included meta-analyses were recalculated.

Vitamin D intake as well as circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and risk for the incidence and recurrence of colorectal cancer precursors: A meta-analysis.

Objective: Vitamin D consumption and circulating 25(OH)D level are associated with decreased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) and colorectal adenoma (CRA), but few studies have assessed their relationship with the incidence and recurrence of CRC precursors. Therefore, we performed this meta-analysis to further evaluate the association.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Embase databases in English until August 2021.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and health outcomes: An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Purpose: A large number of systemic reviews and meta-analyses have explored the relationship between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and multiple health outcomes. The aim of this study is to conduct an umbrella review to assess the strength and evidence for the association between NAFLD and health outcomes.

Methods: We systematically identified the present meta-analyses of observational studies reporting an association between NAFLD and health outcomes.

Alcohol and Health Outcomes: An Umbrella Review of Meta-Analyses Base on Prospective Cohort Studies.

An umbrella review of meta-analyses was performed to summarize the evidence of associations between alcohol consumption and health outcomes and to assess its credibility. Meta-analyses of prospective cohort studies reporting the associations of alcohol consumption with health outcomes were identified. We recalculated the random-effects summary effect size and 95% confidence interval, heterogeneity, and small-study effect for each meta-analysis and graded the evidence.

Paraventricular thalamic nucleus plays a critical role in consolation and anxious behaviors of familiar observers exposed to surgery mice.

Consolation behaviors toward the sick are common in humans. Anxiety in the relatives of the sick is also common. Anxiety can cause detrimental effects on multiple systems.

Sepsis induced cognitive impairments by disrupting hippocampal parvalbumin interneuron-mediated inhibitory network via a D4-receptor mechanism.

Patients who suffer sepsis often develop cognitive impairments, yet the underlying mechanisms largely remain to be elucidated. Increasing evidence has suggested that parvalbumin (PV) interneurons are required for the synchronization of neural activities and higher brain processes, whereas its dysfunction is implicated in many psychiatric disorders. In the present study, we examined the role of hippocampal PV interneuron-mediated inhibitory network in a rat model of polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and also explored the underlying mechanism.

Neuroprotective Effect of Hydrogen-Rich Saline in Global Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Rats: Up-Regulated Tregs and Down-Regulated miR-21, miR-210 and NF-κB Expression.

Recently, it has been suggested that molecular hydrogen (H) can selectively reduce the levels of hydroxyl radicals (.OH), and ameliorate oxidative and inflammatory injuries to organs in global cerebral ischemia reperfusion models. Global cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) can induce a sudden activation of inflammatory cytokines and later influence the systemic immunoreactivity which may contribute to a worse outcome.

[Effects of mild hypothermia plus ifenprodil on apoptosis inducing factor translocation after global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats].

Objective: To explore the effects of mild hypothermia combined with ifenprodil on the survival of neuronal and translocation of apoptosis inducing factor (AIF) following global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion to understand the mechanism of combination in cerebral resuscitation.

Methods: Eighty male SD rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of sham (I), model (II), ifenprodil (III), mild hypothermia (IV) and ifenprodil plus mild hypothermia (V) (n = 16 each). Group I completed all procedures except for ventricular fibrillation (VF) and cardio pulmonary resuscitation (CPR).

[Effect of mild hypothermia on the expression of acid-sensing ion channels 1a and 2a following global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in rats].

Objective: To investigate the effects of mild hypothermia on the expression of ASIC1a and ASIC2a in the rat hippocampus following global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion, so as to speculate the underlying mechanisms of neuroresuscitation.

Methods: Ninety five male SD rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 19): sham operation group (I), model group (II), mild hypothermia group (III), PcTX1 group (IV), mild hypothermia combined PcTX1 group (V). Transient (15 min) global cerebral ischemia was induced by the four-vessel occlusion.

Effects of hydrogen-rich saline treatment on polymicrobial sepsis.

Background: Hydrogen has been reported to selectively reduce hydroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite anion in many pathologic processes. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that hydrogen-rich saline (HRS) may ameliorate organ dysfunction in a rat model of polymicrobial sepsis.

Methods: Sepsis was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP).