Histone H4K8hib modification promotes gene expression and regulates rice immunity.

This study uncovers the role of H4K8hib as an active epigenetic mark in rice that positively correlates with gene expression and enhances immune responses. Furthermore, HDA705 was identified as the key enzyme regulating H4K8hib. Mutation of HDA705 led to hyper-H4K8hib, which in turn activated the expression of defense-related genes and enhanced rice resistance to pathogens.

A secreted fungal laccase targets the receptor kinase OsSRF3 to inhibit OsBAK1-OsSRF3-mediated immunity in rice.

The identification effector targets and characterization of their functions are crucial for understanding pathogen infection mechanisms and components of plant immunity. Here, we identify the effector UgsL, a ustilaginoidin synthetase with a key role in regulating virulence of the rice false smut fungus Ustilaginoidea virens. Heterologous expression of UgsL in rice (Oryza sativa) enhances plant susceptibility to multiple pathogens, and host-induced gene silencing of UgsL enhances plant resistance to U.

A histone deacetylase confers plant tolerance to heat stress by controlling protein lysine deacetylation and stress granule formation in rice.

Understanding molecular mechanisms of plant cellular response to heat stress will help to improve crop tolerance and yield in the global warming era. Here, we show that deacetylation of non-histone proteins mediated by cytoplasmic histone deacetylase HDA714 is required for plant tolerance to heat stress in rice. Heat stress reduces overall protein lysine acetylation, which depends on HDA714.

Ustilaginoidea virens-secreted effector Uv1809 suppresses rice immunity by enhancing OsSRT2-mediated histone deacetylation.

Rice false smut caused by Ustilaginoidea virens is a devastating rice (Oryza sativa) disease worldwide. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying U. virens-rice interactions are largely unknown.

Post-Translational Modification β-Hydroxybutyrylation Regulates Ustilaginoidea virens Virulence.

Lysine β-hydroxybutyrylation (K) is an evolutionarily conserved and widespread post-translational modification that is associated with active gene transcription and cellular proliferation. However, its role in phytopathogenic fungi remains unknown. Here, we characterized K in the rice false smut fungus Ustilaginoidea virens.

ACL and HAT1 form a nuclear module to acetylate histone H4K5 and promote cell proliferation.

Acetyl-CoA utilized by histone acetyltransferases (HAT) for chromatin modification is mainly generated by ATP-citrate lyase (ACL) from glucose sources. How ACL locally establishes acetyl-CoA production for histone acetylation remains unclear. Here we show that ACL subunit A2 (ACLA2) is present in nuclear condensates, is required for nuclear acetyl-CoA accumulation and acetylation of specific histone lysine residues, and interacts with Histone AcetylTransferase1 (HAT1) in rice.

Withdrawn as duplicate: Transcription factor WOX11 regulates protein translation via ribosome protein acetylation in rice roots.

This article has been withdrawn due to a production error that caused the article to be duplicated. The definitive version of this article is published under DOI https://doi.org/10.

The opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and the inhibition of electron transfer chain (ETC) induce mitophagy in wheat roots under waterlogging stress.

Mitochondria are crucial for the regulation of intracellular energy metabolism, biosynthesis, and cell survival. And studies have demonstrated the role of mitochondria in oxidative stress-induced autophagy in plants. Previous studies found that waterlogging stress can induce the opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) and the release of cytochrome c in endosperm cells, which proved that mPTP plays an important role in the programmed cell death of endosperm cells under waterlogging stress.

Transcription factor WOX11 regulates protein translation via ribosome protein acetylation in rice roots.

WUSCHEL-related Homeobox 11 regulates protein translation via lysine acetylation of ribosome protein mediated by ROS in rice root meristem.

Comparative oxidation proteomics analyses suggest redox regulation of cytosolic translation in rice leaves upon Magnaporthe oryzae infection.

Pathogen attack can increase plant levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which act as signaling molecules to activate plant defense mechanisms. Elucidating these processes is crucial for understanding redox signaling pathways in plant defense responses. Using an iodo-tandem mass tag (TMT)-based quantitative proteomics approach, we mapped 3362 oxidized cysteine sites in 2275 proteins in rice leaves.

ROS-stimulated protein lysine acetylation is required for crown root development in rice.

Introduction: As signal molecules in aerobic organisms, locally accumulated ROS have been reported to balance cell division and differentiation in the root meristem. Protein posttranslational modifications such as lysine acetylation play critical roles in controlling a variety of cellular processes. However, the mechanism by which ROS regulate root development is unknown.

Ustilaginoidea virens modulates lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation in rice flowers during infection.

The post-translational modification lysine 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation (K ) plays an important role in gene transcription, metabolism, and enzymatic activity. K sites have been identified in rice (Oryza sativa). However, the K status of proteins in rice flowers during pathogen infection remains unclear.

Histone deacetylases control lysine acetylation of ribosomal proteins in rice.

Lysine acetylation (Kac) is well known to occur in histones for chromatin function and epigenetic regulation. In addition to histones, Kac is also detected in a large number of proteins with diverse biological functions. However, Kac function and regulatory mechanism for most proteins are unclear.

Short-term waterlogging-induced autophagy in root cells of wheat can inhibit programmed cell death.

Autophagy is a pathway for the degradation of cytoplasmic components in eukaryotes. In wheat, the mechanism by which autophagy regulates programmed cell death (PCD) is unknown. Here, we demonstrated that short-term waterlogging-induced autophagy inhibited PCD in root cells of wheat.

Mutual regulation of ROS accumulation and cell autophagy in wheat roots under hypoxia stress.

Here, we explored the mutual regulation of radical oxygen species (ROS) and autophagy in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) roots under hypoxia stress. We also analyzed differences between the responses of the stele and the cortex in the two wheat cultivars Huamai 8 (waterlogging-tolerant) and Huamai 9 (waterlogging-sensitive) to hypoxia stress.

Histone deacetylase HDA710 controls salt tolerance by regulating ABA signaling in rice.

Plants have evolved numerous mechanisms that assist them in withstanding environmental stresses. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play crucial roles in plant stress responses; however, their regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we explored the function of HDA710/OsHDAC2, a member of the HDAC RPD3/HDA1 family, in stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa).

Dynamics and functional interplay of histone lysine butyrylation, crotonylation, and acetylation in rice under starvation and submergence.

Background: Histone lysine acylations by short-chain fatty acids are distinct from the widely studied histone lysine acetylation in chromatin, although both modifications are regulated by primary metabolism in mammalian cells. It remains unknown whether and how histone acylation and acetylation interact to regulate gene expression in plants that have distinct regulatory pathways of primary metabolism.

Results: We identify 4 lysine butyrylation (Kbu) sites (H3K14, H4K12, H2BK42, and H2BK134) and 45 crotonylation (Kcr) sites on rice histones by mass spectrometry.

Regulation of histone methylation and reprogramming of gene expression in the rice inflorescence meristem.

Rice inflorescence meristem (IM) activity is essential for panicle development and grain production. How chromatin and epigenetic mechanisms regulate IM activity remains unclear. Genome-wide analysis revealed that in addition to genes involved in the vegetative to reproductive transition, many metabolic and protein synthetic genes were activated in IM compared with shoot apical meristem and that a change in the H3K27me3/H3K4me3 ratio was an important factor for the differential expression of many genes.

Reactive oxygen species regulate programmed cell death progress of endosperm in winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under waterlogging.

Previous studies have proved that waterlogging stress accelerates the programmed cell death (PCD) progress of wheat endosperm cells. A highly waterlogging-tolerant wheat cultivar Hua 8 and a waterlogging susceptible wheat cultivar Hua 9 were treated with different waterlogging durations, and then, dynamic changes of reactive oxygen species (ROS), gene expressions, and activities of antioxidant enzymes in endosperm cells were detected. The accumulation of ROS increased considerably after 7 days of waterlogging treatment (7 DWT) and 12 DWT in both cultivars compared with control group (under non-waterlogged conditions), culminated at 12 DAF (days after flowering) and reduced hereafter.