Nano manganese dioxide coupling carbon source preloading granular activated carbon biofilter enhancing biofilm formation and pollutant removal.

The formation of stable and mature biofilms affects the efficient and stable removal of ammonium by biological activated carbon (BAC). In this study, the new granular activated carbon (GAC) was preloaded with the carbon source (glucose and sucrose) and nano manganese dioxide (nMnO) before using. Then tests were performed to determine whether substrate preloading promoted ammonium removal.

Generation of active Co(III) and peroxodiphosphate by synergistic electrocatalytic system with phosphate and the mediator cobalt(II) and its degradation performance.

The promising synergistic electrocatalytic system of phosphate (PO) with the mediator cobalt(II) (for short E-Co(II)-PO) was employed to degrade cationic dye methylene blue (MB). The exploration in the electrocatalytic process revealed that the main intermediate active oxidation products were Co(III), accompanied with hydroxyl radicals and peroxodiphosphates (PO). Their synergistic electrocatalytic degradation rate to MB and total organic carbon (TOC) was up to 100 and 60% in 40 min, respectively, which was 5 times and 2.

Systems Analysis of Transcriptomic and Proteomic Profiles Identifies Novel Regulation of Fibrotic Programs by miRNAs in Pulmonary Fibrosis Fibroblasts.

Fibroblasts/myofibroblasts are the key effector cells responsible for excessive extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and fibrosis progression in both idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and systemic sclerosis (SSc) patient lungs, thus it is critical to understand the transcriptomic and proteomic programs underlying their fibrogenic activity. We conducted the first integrative analysis of the fibrotic programming in these cells at the levels of gene and microRNA (miRNA) expression, as well as deposited ECM protein to gain insights into how fibrotic transcriptional programs culminate in aberrant ECM protein production/deposition. We identified messenger RNA (mRNA), miRNA, and deposited matrisome protein signatures for IPF and SSc fibroblasts obtained from lung transplants using next-generation sequencing and mass spectrometry.

Spontaneous genomic alterations in a chimeric model of colorectal cancer enable metastasis and guide effective combinatorial therapy.

Colon cancer is the second most common cause of cancer mortality in the Western world with metastasis commonly present at the time of diagnosis. Screening for propagation and metastatic behavior in a novel chimeric-mouse colon cancer model, driven by mutant p53 and β-Catenin, led to the identification of a unique, invasive adenocarcinoma. Comparison of the genome of this tumor, CB42, with genomes from non-propagating tumors by array CGH and sequencing revealed an amplicon on chromosome five containing CDK6 and CDK14, and a KRAS mutation, respectively.

Progranulin is a chemoattractant for microglia and stimulates their endocytic activity.

Mutations resulting in progranulin haploinsufficiency cause disease in patients with a subset of frontotemporal lobar degeneration; however, the biological functions of progranulin in the brain remain unknown. To address this subject, the present study initially assessed changes in gene expression and cytokine secretion in rat primary cortical neurons treated with progranulin. Molecular pathways enriched in the progranulin gene set included cell adhesion and cell motility pathways and pathways involved in growth and development.