Macrophage heterogeneity and oncogenic mechanisms in lung adenocarcinoma: insights from scRNA-seq analysis and predictive modeling.

Background: Macrophages play a dual role in the tumor microenvironment(TME), capable of secreting pro-inflammatory factors to combat tumors while also promoting tumor growth through angiogenesis and immune suppression. This study aims to explore the characteristics of macrophages in lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and establish a prognostic model based on macrophage-related genes.

Method: We performed scRNA-seq analysis to investigate macrophage heterogeneity and their potential pseudotime evolutionary processes.

Environmental tipping points for global soil nitrogen-fixing microorganisms.

Nitrogen-fixing microorganisms (NFMs) are important components of soil N sinks and are influenced by multiple environmental factors. We established a random forest model optimized by the distributed delayed particle swarm optimization (RODDPSO) algorithm to analyze the global NFM data. Soil pH, organic carbon (OC), mean annual precipitation (MAP), altitude, and total phosphorus (TP) are factors with contributions greater than 10% to NFMs.

Metabolomics-based study on the effect of low-voltage electrostatic field treatment on the storage quality of postharvest square bamboo shoots.

Low-voltage electrostatic field (LP) enhances the freezing quality of food by increasing water supercooling and improving ice crystal morphology. This study explored the effects of LP treatment on the storage quality of square bamboo shoots using physicochemical, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, and metabolomics methods. Results showed that with prolonged storage, the LP-treated group had lower activities of peroxidase, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, and lower levels of malondialdehyde, cellulose, and lignin compared to the control group, while superoxide dismutase and catalase activities and shear force values were higher.

bFGF-Chitosan "brain glue" promotes functional recovery after cortical ischemic stroke.

The mammalian brain has an extremely limited ability to regenerate lost neurons and to recover function following ischemic stroke. A biomaterial strategy of slowly-releasing various regeneration-promoting factors to activate endogenous neurogenesis represents a safe and practical neuronal replacement therapy. In this study, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF)-Chitosan gel is injected into the stroke cavity.

Integrated metabolome and transcriptome analysis provides insights into the mechanisms of terpenoid biosynthesis in tea plants (Camellia sinensis).

Volatile terpenoids are major substances responsible for the floral and fruity scents of teas. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanisms of terpenoid biosynthesis pathways in tea plants. 'Zhenfeng Yesheng tea' (ZFYS), a distinctive tea tree germplasm resource in Guizhou province, is known for its unique flavor characterized by a mellow taste and a floral aroma.

Hypofractionated image-guided radiotherapy with 70 Gy in 28 fractions for prostate cancer confined to the pelvis: a single institute experience in Taiwan.

Background: The incidence of prostate cancer is increasing in Asian countries. Although moderately hypofractionated radiotherapy is not inferior to conventional fractionated radiation according to the updated guidelines, data regarding its efficacy and safety in Taiwan are currently lacking. The aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes of prostate cancer patients treated with hypofractionated image-guided radiotherapy at a single institution in Taiwan.

Identification of serum small non-coding RNA as biomarkers for endometrial receptivity.

Background: Current endometrial receptivity analysis is invasive, preventing embryo transfer during the biopsy cycle. This study aims to screen serum sncRNAs as non-invasive biomarkers for ERA tests.

Methods: The study included 12 infertile patients undergoing IVF-ET and ERA, whose serum samples were collected for high-energy sequencing technology to detect sncRNA expression profiles.

Do emerging alternatives pose similar soil ecological risks as traditional plasticizers? A multi-faceted analysis using earthworms as a case study.

The extensive application of plasticizers has led to significant environmental issues. This study focused on the ecotoxic effects on earthworms of the traditional plasticizer di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and non-phthalate plasticizers di(ethylhexyl) terephthalate (DEHT) and acetyltributyl citrate (ATBC). At an environmentally relevant concentration (50 mg/kg), significant accumulation of ROS was observed in earthworms, with a trend of DEHP > DEHT > ATBC, inducing oxidative stress and lipid peroxidation.

Template-Thermally Induced Phase Separation-Assisted Microporous Regulation in Poly(lactic acid) Aerogel for Sustainable Radiative Cooling.

Herein, an eco-friendly and degradable poly(lactic acid) aerogel was prepared by combining a poly(ethylene glycol) template material with thermally induced phase separation. Due to the tailored pore size introduced by the template material, the aerogel exhibits high solar reflectance (92.0%), excellent thermal emittance (90.

Elucidating the dual roles of apoptosis and necroptosis in diabetic wound healing: implications for therapeutic intervention.

Wound healing is a complex and multistep biological process that involves the cooperation of various cell types. Programmed cell death, including apoptosis and necrotizing apoptosis, plays a crucial role in this process. Apoptosis, a controlled and orderly programmed cell death regulated by genes, helps eliminate unnecessary or abnormal cells and maintain internal environmental stability.

Structural equation modeling of the impact of disease activity on inflammatory bowel disease control: the mediating roles of self-efficacy and self-management behaviors.

Background: Maintaining effective disease control in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is both a significant goal and challenge. Drawing on the Common-Sense Model of Self-Regulation (CSM) and related research, this study investigates how IBD activity status influences disease control through both direct and indirect pathways.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 310 IBD patients who attended a tertiary general hospital, the leader of the IBD Alliance Group in Chongqing City, between March and August 2024.

Targeting IGF1 to alleviate obesity through regulating energy expenditure and fat deposition.

Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is a regulator of both cellular hypertrophy and lipogenesis, which are two key processes for pathogenesis of obesity. However, the in vivo role of IGF1 in the development of obesity remains unclear. Here, we show that IGF1 expression is increased in adipose tissue in obese human patients and animal models.

The development of rapid detection techniques for Alexandrium catenella.

Alexandrium catenella is an important toxic algal species in the Alexandrium genus, which can form toxic red tides in large numbers. The paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) produced by Alexandrium catenella can seriously endanger human health and threaten the production and development of the aquaculture and fishery industries. Therefore, it is important to explore and develop effective detection and early warning methods for toxic red tides.

Research Trends and Development Dynamics of qPCR-based Biomarkers: A Comprehensive Bibliometric Analysis.

Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) is a vital molecular technique for biomarker detection; however, its clinical application is impeded by the scarcity of robust biomarkers and the inherent limitations of the technology. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of 4063 qPCR-based biomarker studies sourced from the Web of Science (WOS) database, employing VOSviewer and CiteSpace to generate multi-dimensional structural insights into this field. The results reveal a growing trend in research within this domain, with gene expression analysis playing a central role in the identification of potential biomarkers.

Real-world clinical multi-omics analyses reveal bifurcation of ER-independent and ER-dependent drug resistance to CDK4/6 inhibitors.

To better understand drug resistance mechanisms to CDK4/6 inhibitors and inform precision medicine, we analyze real-world multi-omics data from 400 HR+/HER2- metastatic breast cancer patients treated with CDK4/6 inhibitors plus endocrine therapies, including 200 pre-treatment and 227 post-progression samples. The prevalences of ESR1 and RB1 alterations significantly increase in post-progression samples. Integrative clustering analysis identifies three subgroups harboring different resistance mechanisms: ER driven, ER co-driven and ER independent.

Lactoferrin-functionalized PEGylation liposomes loaded with norcantharidin acid for targeted therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Norcantharidin (NCTD), an antitumor agent with an increased leukocyte function, has been used for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in clinical. However, the clinical application of NCTD is limited due to its inadequate hydrophilicity and lipophilicity, short half-life (t), as well as adverse effects such as vascular irritation, cardiotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity. Herein, a lactoferrin (Lf) and DSPE-mPEG functionalized liposomes loaded with norcantharidic acid (NCA), an active metabolite of NCTD, was constructed for the targeted therapy of HCC.

A rapid preparation strategy of konjac glucomannan-based fiber film incorporated with elderberry anthocyanins via microfluidic blow spinning for fresh-cut apple preservation.

It is still a challenge to use a fast and efficient method for preserving fresh-cut fruits from browning. To address this problem, we developed konjac glucomannan (KGM) incorporated with elderberry anthocyanins (EA) to form film-forming solution (KEA) combined with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) solution to produce KEA/PVP fiber films by microfluidic blow spinning (MBS). The introduction of PVP and EA improved the spinnability and function properties of KGM-based fiber film, respectively.

Picoxystrobin causes mitochondrial dysfunction in earthworms by interfering with complex enzyme activity and binding to the electron carrier cytochrome c protein.

Picoxystrobin (PICO) poses a great threat to earthworms due to its widespread use in agriculture and its stability in soil. Mitochondria may be a sensitive target organ for the toxic effects of PICO on worms. Therefore, evaluating the effect of PICO on mitochondria can further understand the toxic mechanism of PICO to earthworms.

Bionic Recognition Technologies Inspired by Biological Mechanosensory Systems.

Mechanical information is a medium for perceptual interaction and health monitoring of organisms or intelligent mechanical equipment, including force, vibration, sound, and flow. Researchers are increasingly deploying mechanical information recognition technologies (MIRT) that integrate information acquisition, pre-processing, and processing functions and are expected to enable advanced applications. However, this also poses significant challenges to information acquisition performance and information processing efficiency.

TEC-mediated tRF-31R9J regulates histone lactylation and acetylation by HDAC1 to suppress hepatocyte ferroptosis and improve non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.

Background: Tectorigenin (TEC) is a monomer of anthocyanin, which we found exhibits hepatoprotective effects. tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) and ferroptosis play important roles in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Recent discoveries have revealed that histone lactylation and acetylation play a crucial role in connecting cellular metabolism and epigenetic regulation through post-translational modification of histones.

Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation of the Central Sensitization Inventory Into Simplified Chinese.

Purpose: To translate the Central Sensitization Inventory from English into simplified Chinese (CSI-sC) and test the psychometric properties of the CSI-sC in patients with chronic pain.

Design: A cross-sectional design was used.

Methods: Cross-cultural adaptation of the CSI-sC was performed following Beaton's guidelines.

Disturbing Cholesterol/Sphingolipid Metabolism by Squalene Epoxidase Arises Crizotinib Hepatotoxicity.

Metabolic disorders have been identified as one of the causes of drug-induced liver injury; however, the direct regulatory mechanism regarding this disorder has not yet been clarified. In this study, a single regulatory mechanism of small molecule kinase inhibitors, with crizotinib as the representative drug is elucidated. First, it is discovered that crizotinib induced aberrant lipid metabolism and apoptosis in the liver.

Characterization of the binding process between gallic acid and trivalent chromium in tannery wastewater: a spectroscopic perspective.

Trivalent chromium (Cr) is a heavy metal widely present in tannery wastewater, and organic ligands represented by gallic acid (GA) have significant effects on the environmental behavior of Cr. This study explored the binding process of Cr with GA through the integration of ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), and fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with two-dimensional correlation analyses (2DCOS). UV-vis results showed that the average molecular weight of the solutions gradually increased with the addition of Cr ions.

Status analysis of quality control of administered infusion solution with cytotoxic drugs.

The administered infusion solution is a sterile preparation that can be used directly for intravenous infusion in patients by mixing one or more intravenous drugs using aseptic operation technology. The pharmacy intravenous admixture service (PIVAS) center is a professional technical service department in hospitals, where the majority of inpatient-administered infusion solutions are prepared. During the processes of dissolution, dilution, preparation, storage, and use of intravenous drugs, the quality control of the administered infusion solution can be affected by various factors.