A comparison of traffic crash and connected vehicle event data on a freeway corridor with Hard-Shoulder Running.

Police crash reports have traditionally been the primary data source for research and development projects aimed at improving traffic safety. However, there are important limitations of such data, particularly the relative infrequency of crashes on a site-by-site basis in many contexts. Crash analyses often require multiple years of data and the use of such data for short-term evaluations creates challenges.

Examining Impacts of COVID-19-Related Stay-At-Home Orders through a Two-Way Random Effects Model.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had far-reaching impacts on public health and safety, economics, and the transportation system. To reduce the spread of this disease, federal and local governments around the world have introduced stay-at-home orders and other restrictions on travel to "non-essential" businesses to implement social distancing. Preliminary evidence suggests substantial variability in the impacts of these orders in the United States, both across states and over time.

Isocorrole-Loaded Polymer Nanoparticles for Photothermal Therapy under 980 nm Light Excitation.

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a promising treatment option for diseases, including cancer, arthritis, and periodontitis. Typical photothermal agents (PTAs) absorb light in the near-infrared (NIR)-I region of 650-900 nm with a predominant focus around 800 nm, as these wavelengths are minimally absorbed by water and blood in the tissue. Recently, interest has grown in developing nanomaterials that offer more efficient photothermal conversion and that can be excited by light close to or within the NIR-II window of 1000-1700 nm, which offers less absorption by melanin.

Dissection of Alkylpyridinium Structures to Understand Deamination Reactions.

Via conversion to Katritzky pyridinium salts, alkyl amines can now be used as alkyl radical precursors for a range of deaminative functionalization reactions. The key step of all these methods is single electron reduction of the pyridinium ring, which triggers C-N bond cleavage. However, little has been done to understand how the precise nature of the pyridinium influences these events.

Synthesis, Electrochemistry, and Photophysics of Pd(II) Biladiene Complexes Bearing Varied Substituents at the sp-Hybridized 10-Position.

A set of Pd(II) biladiene complexes bearing different combinations of methyl- and phenyl-substituents on the sp-hybridized -carbon (the 10-position of the biladiene framework) was prepared and studied. In addition to a previously described Pd(II) biladiene complex bearing geminal dimethyl substituents a the 10-position (), homologous Pd(II) biladienes bearing geminal methyl and phenyl substituents () and geminal diphenyl groups() were prepared and structurally characterized. Detailed electrochemical as well as steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic experiments were undertaken to evaluate the influence of the substituents on the biladiene's tetrahedral -carbon.

Synthesis, Redox, and Spectroscopic Properties of Pd(II) 10,10-Dimethylisocorrole Complexes Prepared via Bromination of Dimethylbiladiene Oligotetrapyrroles.

Two brominated 10,10-dimethylisocorrole (10-DMIC) derivatives containing Pd(II) centers have been prepared and characterized. These compounds were prepared via bromination of 10,10-dimethylbiladiene-based oligotetrapyrroles. Bromination of free base 10,10-dimethylbiladiene () followed by metalation with Pd(OAc), as well as bromination of the corresponding Pd(II) dimethylbiladiene complex () provide routes to Pd(II) hexabromo-10,10-dimethyl-5,15-bis(pentafluorophenyl)-isocorrole (]) and Pd(II) octabromo-10,10-dimethyl-5,15-bis(pentafluorophenyl)-isocorrole (]).