Shugan Jianpi Formula attenuate liver fibrosis via regulation of miR-193a-3p/TGF-β2 in hepatic stellate cells: An in vivo and in vitro study.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The Chinese herbal medicine Shugan Jianpi Formula (SGJPF) has traditionally been used to treat various chronic liver disorders. Previous studies have indicated that SGJPF inhibits hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation in rats with liver fibrosis (LF) and that miR-193a-3p may be a crucial molecule in LF. However, the mechanisms by which SGJPF regulates HSCs activation through miR-193a-3p remain unclear.

Liver transcriptomic and proteomic analyses provide new insight into the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis in mice.

Background: Liver fibrosis (LF) is a kind of progressive liver injury reaction. The goal of this study was to achieve a more detailed understanding of the molecular changes in response to CCl-induced LF through the identification of a differentially expressed liver transcriptomic and proteomic.

Results: A total of 1224 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 302 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were significantly identified at the transcriptomic and proteomic level, respectively, and 69 genes (hereafter "cor-DEGs-DEPs" genes) were detected at both levels.

Joint analysis of the metabolomics and transcriptomics uncovers the dysregulated network and develops the diagnostic model of high-risk neuroblastoma.

High-risk neuroblastoma (HR-NB) has a significantly lower survival rate compared to low- and intermediate-risk NB (LIR-NB) due to the lack of risk classification diagnostic models and effective therapeutic targets. The present study aims to characterize the differences between neuroblastomas with different risks through transcriptomic and metabolomic, and establish an early diagnostic model for risk classification of neuroblastoma.Plasma samples from 58 HR-NB and 38 LIR-NB patients were used for metabolomics analysis.

MicroRNA-like RNA Functions Are Required for the Biosynthesis of Active Compounds in the Medicinal Fungus .

miRNA-like RNAs (milRNAs) have been recognized as sequence-specific regulators of posttranscriptional regulation of gene expression in eukaryotes. However, the functions of hundreds of fungal milRNAs in the biosynthesis of metabolic components are obscure. produces diverse bioactive compounds and is widely used in Asian countries.

Impact of Minerals and Sealing Systems on the Pore Characteristics of the Qiongzhusi Formation Shale in the Southern Sichuan Basin.

The characteristics, distribution, and preservation of pores are vital in controlling the storage and distribution of shale gas. The Qiongzhusi Formation shales taken from different members with similar tectonic and thermal evolutions were used to evaluate the response of pore characteristics to minerals and sealing systems using field-emission scanning electron microscopy and gas adsorption. Because of differences in mineral structure and arrangement, feldspar, organic matter (OM)-clay, OM-rutile, and OM-apatite aggregates facilitate multiple types of pores in the shale and influence the relative proportions of surface porosity for different types of pores owing to differences in mineral structure and arrangement.

Comprehensive Analysis of the Transcriptome-Wide m6A Methylation Modification Difference in Liver Fibrosis Mice by High-Throughput m6A Sequencing.

N6-Methyladenosine (m6A), a unique and common mRNA modification method in eukaryotes, is involved in the occurrence and development of many diseases. Liver fibrosis (LF) is a common response to chronic liver injury and may lead to cirrhosis and even liver cancer. However, the involvement of m6A methylation in the development of LF is still unknown.

Prevalence and risk factor analysis for the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Although non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is strongly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), the diagnosis of NAFLD for T2DM patients remains a challenge.This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and risk factors for the NAFLD in T2DM outpatients.This is a retrospective, cross-sectional study that included 2405 T2DM patients treated and admitted for glucose control into the Endocrinology Department of our hospital from April 2017 to March 2019.

Deep sequencing of the Sanghuangporus vaninii transcriptome reveals dynamic landscapes of candidate genes involved in the biosynthesis of active compounds.

The medicinal fungus Sanghuang produces diverse bioactive compounds and is widely used in Asian countries. However, little is known about the genes and pathways involved in the biosynthesis of these active compounds. Based on our previous study providing Sanghuangporus vaninii genomic information, the transcriptomes of MY (mycelium), OY (1-year-old fruiting bodies), and TY (3-year-old fruiting bodies) were determined in this study.

Immunotranscriptome analysis of Plutella xylostella reveals differences in innate immune responses to low- and high-virulence Beauveria bassiana strain challenges.

Background: Entomopathogenic fungi have developed multiple strategies to overcome the immune defenses of their target insects, whereas insect pests have devised various defense mechanisms to combat fungal infection. However, differences in the molecular mechanisms of the innate immune defense strategies of insects upon infection with different fungal strains from the same species have not been reported.

Results: Two Beauveria bassiana strains were obtained that significantly varied in their pathogenicity but were comparable in terms of growth, conidial yield, and cuticle penetration.

Real-time and rapid quantification of microRNAs in cells and tissues using target-recycled enzyme-free amplification strategy.

In this study, a real-time target-recycled enzyme-free amplification strategy-based test (Trefas test) was developed for rapid, simple, isothermal, and highly sensitive microRNA (miRNA) detection. The Trefas relies on rationally designed sequence-specific hairpins (HPs, HP1 and HP2) and the strand displacement process completely free of environment-susceptible enzymes, enhancing the stability and reproducibility of the test. In the absence of target miRNA, the HP2, modified with a fluorophore and a quencher, maintains stem-loop structure so that the fluorescent signal is quenched.

The Genome of the Medicinal Macrofungus Provides Insights Into the Synthesis of Diverse Secondary Metabolites.

The mushroom, is widely used in Asian countries. This medicinal fungus produces diverse bioactive compounds and possesses a potent ability to degrade the wood of the mulberry tree. However, the genes, pathways, and mechanisms that are involved in the biosynthesis of the active compounds and wood degradation by mushroom are still unknown.

XRN1-associated long non-coding RNAs may contribute to fungal virulence and sexual development in entomopathogenic fungus Cordyceps militaris.

Background: Numerous long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) identified and characterized in mammals, plants, and fungi have been found to play critical regulatory roles in biological processes. However, little is known about the role of lncRNAs in insect pathogenic fungi.

Results: By profiling the transcriptomes of sexual and asexual development in the insect-pathogenic fungus Cordyceps militaris, 4140 lncRNAs were identified and found to be dynamically expressed during fungal development.

milR4 and milR16 Mediated Fruiting Body Development in the Medicinal Fungus .

readily performs sexual reproduction, thus providing a remarkably rich model for understanding the processes involved in sexual development. It could regulate expression of human genes by diet-derived miRNA-like RNAs (milRNAs). However, the study of miRNAs in has been limited.

A CD44-Targeting Programmable Drug Delivery System for Enhancing and Sensitizing Chemotherapy to Drug-Resistant Cancer.

Programmable drug delivery systems hold great promise to enhance cancer treatment. Herein, a programmable drug delivery system using a chondroitin sulfate (CS)-based composite nanoparticle was developed for enhancing and sensitizing chemotherapy to drug-resistant cancer. The nanoparticle was composed of a cross-linked CS hydrogel shell and hydrophobic cores containing both free drugs and CS-linked prodrugs.

In vivo transcriptomic analysis of Beauveria bassiana reveals differences in infection strategies in Galleria mellonella and Plutella xylostella.

Background: Insect pests have evolved various defense mechanisms to combat fungal infection, and fungi have developed multiple strategies to overcome the immune defense responses of insects. However, transcriptomic analysis of fungal strategies for infecting different pests has not been reported.

Results: Transcriptomic profiling of Beauveria bassiana was performed at 12, 24 and 48 h after infecting Galleria mellonella and Plutella xylostella, and 540, 847 and 932 differentially expressed genes were detected, respectively.

Genes involved in Beauveria bassiana infection to Galleria mellonella.

The ascomycete fungus Beauveria bassiana is a natural pathogen of hundreds of insect species and is commercially produced as an environmentally friendly mycoinsecticide. Many genes involved in fungal insecticide infection have been identified but few have been further explored. In this study, we constructed three transcriptomes of B.

Optimized Ultrasound Conditions for Enhanced Sensitivity of Molecular Beacons in the Detection of MDR1 mRNA in Living Cells.

P-glycoprotein (P-gp), aprognostic indicator for chemotherapy failure, is encoded by multidrug resistance gene (MDR1). MDR1 mRNA expression could serve as a guidance for personalized medicine. However, the traditional PCR process for mRNA measurement is complicated and cannot realize the real-time detection of mRNA in living single cells.

A novel peptide inhibitor of platelet aggregation from stiff silkworm, Bombyx batryticatus.

A novel platelet aggregation inhibitory peptide, named BB octapeptide, was isolated from stiff silkworm (Bombyx batryticatus) by gel filtration, anion-exchange, and reverse-phase high performance liquid chromatography. The molecular mass of the peptide was determined to be 885 Da using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, and the sequence was identified as Asp-Pro-Asp-Ala-Asp-IIe-Leu-Gln using the Edman degradation method. To test its biological activity, the peptide was chemically synthesized using Fmoc solid-phase synthesis method.