Polychlorinated biphenyls exposure and type 2 diabetes: Molecular mechanism that causes insulin resistance and islet damage.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are typical persistent organic pollutants that have been associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) in cohort studies. This review aims to comprehensively assess the molecular mechanisms of PCBs-induced T2DM. Recent progress has been made in the research of PCBs in liver tissue, adipose tissue, and other tissues.

Identification of LsPIN1 gene and its potential functions in rhizome turning of Leymus secalinus.

Background: Continuous tilling and the lateral growth of rhizomes confer rhizomatous grasses with the unique ability to laterally expand, migrate and resist disturbances. They play key roles especially in degraded grasslands, deserts, sand dunes, and other fragile ecological system. The rhizomatous plant Leymus secalinus has both rhizome buds and tiller buds that grow horizontally and upward at the ends of rhizome differentiation and elongation, respectively.

Microbial Community, Co-Occurrence Network Relationship and Fermentation Lignocellulose Characteristics of Ensiled with Wheat Bran.

Broussonetia papyrifera has a high lignocellulose content leading to poor palatability and low digestion rate of ruminants. Thus, dynamic profiles of fermentation lignocellulose characteristics, microbial community structure, potential function, and interspecific relationships of B. papyrifera mixing with wheat bran in different ratios: 100:0 (BP100), 90:10 (BP90), 80:20 (BP80), and 65:35 (BP65) were investigated on ensiling days 5, 15, 30, and 50.

Comprehensive analysis of cucumber C-repeat/dehydration-responsive element binding factor family genes and their potential roles in cold tolerance of cucumber.

Background: Cold stress is one of the main abiotic stresses limiting cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) growth and production. C-repeat binding factor/Dehydration responsive element-binding 1 protein (CBF/DREB1), containing conserved APETALA2 (AP2) DNA binding domains and two characteristic sequences, are key signaling genes that can be rapidly induced and play vital roles in plant response to low temperature.

Understanding the Multiple Effects of PCBs on Lipid Metabolism.

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are a typical class of environmental contaminants recently shown to be metabolism-disrupting chemicals. Lipids are a highly complex group of biomolecules that not only form the structural basis of biofilms but also act as signaling molecules and energy sources. Lipid metabolic disorders contribute to multiple diseases, including obesity, diabetes, fatty liver, and metabolic syndromes.

Understanding the knowledge gaps between air pollution controls and health impacts including pathogen epidemic.

Sustainable development calls for a blue sky with quality air. Encouragingly, the current mass reduction-oriented pollution control is making substantial achievements, as the data from Chinese Environmental Monitoring Stations show a significant drop in the annual average concentrations of particulate matters (i.e.

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo--dioxin (TCDD) and Polychlorinated Biphenyl Coexposure Alters the Expression Profile of MicroRNAs in the Liver Associated with Atherosclerosis.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small RNAs that regulate gene expression. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo--dioxin (TCDD) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that exist as complex mixtures . When humans are simultaneously exposed to these compounds, the development of atherosclerosis is known to be enhanced.

Overexpression of lncRNA MT1JP Mediates Apoptosis and Migration of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells by Regulating miR-24-3p.

Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of the long non-coding (lnc) RNA MT1JP on the apoptosis and migration of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.

Patients And Methods: Patients with liver cancer admitted to the Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng were included in this study. We transfected hepatocellular carcinoma cells with MT1JP and miR-24-3p and assessed their expression and effects on apoptosis and migration.

Effect of LINC00657 on Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cells by Regulating miR-590-3p.

Objective: To investigate the effect of LINC00657 on breast carcinoma by regulating miR-590-3p.

Methods: Ninety-seven cases with breast carcinoma who were admitted to Qingdao Chengyang People's Hospital were collected. The breast carcinoma (n=97) and tumor-adjacent tissues (n=97) of patients were collected during the operation with the permission of the patients.

Exposure to 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl promotes nonalcoholic fatty liver disease development in C57BL/6 mice.

Previous in vitro studies have indicated that 2,3,3',4,4',5-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 156) may be a new contributor to metabolic disruption and may further cause the occurrence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, no study has clarified the specific contributions of PCB 156 to NAFLD progression by constructing an in vivo model. Herein, we evaluated the effects of PCB 156 treatment (55 mg/kg, i.

Transcriptome analysis in normal human liver cells exposed to 2, 3, 3', 4, 4', 5 - Hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 156).

Backgrounds: Polychlorinated biphenyls are persistent environmental pollutants associated with the onset of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in humans, but there is limited information on the underlying mechanism. In the present study, we investigated the alterations in gene expression profiles in normal human liver cells L-02 following exposure to 2, 3, 3', 4, 4', 5 - hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 156), a potent compound that may induce non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Methods: The L-02 cells were exposed to PCB 156 for 72 h and the contents of intracellular triacylglyceride and total cholesterol were subsequently measured.

Low-dose PCB126 compromises circadian rhythms associated with disordered glucose and lipid metabolism in mice.

It has been documented that 3, 3', 4, 4', 5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB126) elicits diverse detrimental effects on human health including metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease (NAFLD), through a wide array of non-carcinogenic mechanisms, which require further detailed investigations. The circadian clock system consists of central clock machinery (located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus in the hypothalamus) and the peripheral clocks (located in nearly all peripheral tissues). Peripheral clocks in the liver play fundamental roles in maintaining liver homeostasis, including the regulation of energy metabolism and the expression of enzymes that fine-tune the absorption and metabolism of xenobiotics.

Carbon black-induced detrimental effect on osteoblasts at low concentrations: Remarkably compromised differentiation without significant cytotoxicity.

Due to similar aerodynamic and micro-nano sized properties between airborne particles and synthetic nanoparticles, a large number of studies have been conducted using carbon-based particles, such as carbon black (CB), carbon nanotubes and graphite, in order to achieve deeper understandings of their adverse effects on human health. It has been reported that particulate matters can aggravate morbidity of patients suffering from bone and joint diseases, e.g.

Characterization of human S-adenosyl-homocysteine hydrolase in vitro and identification of its potential inhibitors.

Human S-adenosyl-homocysteine hydrolase (SAHH, E.C.3.

Characterization of S-adenosylhomocysteine/Methylthioadenosine nucleosidase on secretion of AI-2 and biofilm formation of Escherichia coli.

S-adenosylhomocysteine/Methylthioadenosine nucleosidase (SAHN E.C.3.

Synthesis and affinities of C3-symmetric thioglycoside-containing trimannosides.

Thioglycoside-containing trimannose analogs were designed and prepared to mimic the natural N-glycan core trisaccharide α-d-Man-(1→3)-[α-d-Man-(1→6)]-d-Man. (1→6)-S-Linked trimannoside 1 and its trivalent cluster 2 were synthesized in 11 and 15 steps, respectively, taking advantages of the armed mannopyranosyl trichloroacetimidate as glycosyl donor. Hemagglutination inhibition of the two new thiomannotriose analogs was preliminarily examined.

Effects of co-exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and polychlorinated biphenyls on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in mice.

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants which coexist in environment, and human are co-exposed to these chemicals. Our present study was aimed to investigate the possible enhanced nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in ApoE(-/-) mice co-exposed to TCDD and PCBs and to reveal the potential mechanisms involved in. Male ApoE(-/-) mice were exposed to TCDD (15 μg/kg) and Aroclor1254 (55 mg/kg, a representative mixture of PCBs) alone or in combination by intraperitoneal injection four times over a 6-week period.

Augmented atherogenesis in ApoE-null mice co-exposed to polychlorinated biphenyls and 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin.

2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants found as complex mixtures in the environment throughout the world. Therefore, humans are ubiquitously and simultaneously exposed to TCDD and PCBs. TCDD and PCBs alone have been linked to atherosclerosis.

The first convergent total synthesis of penarolide sulfate A2, a novel α-glucosidase inhibitor.

Penarolide sulfate A2, a 31-membered macrolide encompassing a proline residue and three sulfate groups, was firstly synthesized in 16 linear steps with 4.8% overall yield. Three consecutive stereogenic centers in penarolide sulfate A2 were efficiently derived from natural chiral template l-arabinose.

A "turn-on" fluorescent Hg2+ chemosensor based on Ferrier carbocyclization.

A "turn-on" fluorescent chemosensor with excellent selectivity and satisfactory sensitivity on Hg(2+) detection in 100% water media has been established employing a carbohydrate based Ferrier carbocyclization reaction. The probe has also presented satisfactory results for the imaging of Hg(2+) ions in cells and organisms.