Comprehensive Analysis and Experimental Validation of TLL2 as a Potential New Prognostic Biomarker Associated with Immune Infiltration in Lung Adenocarcinoma.

Background: The precise function of Tolloid Like 2 (TLL2) remains uncertain within the context of Lung Adenocarcinoma (LUAD).

Objective: The primary objective of this investigation was to conduct a thorough analysis.

Methods: To assess its diagnostic utility, data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were used to assess TLL2 expression in pan-cancer and LUAD.

Predicting cancer-specific mortality in patients with parotid gland carcinoma by competing risk nomogram.

Background: The aim of the present study was to establish a competing risk nomogram to predict parotid gland cancer-specific mortality (PGC-SM).

Methods: Seven thousand nine hundred and sixty-two patients extracted from SEER database were randomly categorized into training and validation sets. The competing risk model was used to identify factors associated with PGC-SM.

RNA sequencing identifies two novel liver-specific long noncoding RNAs with potential diagnostic value in hepatocellular carcinoma.

To explore the expression profiles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and identify novel lncRNAs as biomarkers for early diagnosis and therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in five paired HCC and adjacent normal tissues were obtained by RNA sequencing. Eight lncRNAs, including two novel liver-specific lncRNAs (NONHSAT059247.

The circular RNA circ_GRHPR promotes NSCLC cell proliferation and invasion via interactions with the RNA-binding protein PCBP2.

As the most common malignancy, lung cancer is characterised by high rates of occurrence and mortality. Although circular RNAs (circRNAs) are known to act as important regulators in cancer, their role in lung cancer remains poorly understood. In this study, circ_GRHPR expression was found to be significantly upregulated in the serum of five patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), compared to that in healthy controls.

Integrated profiling identifies ITGB3BP as prognostic biomarker for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly malignant tumor. In this study, we sought to identify a novel biomarker for HCC by analyzing transcriptome and clinical data. The R software was used to analyze the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the datasets GSE74656 and GSE84598 downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database, followed by a functional annotation.

Big Data-Based Identification of Multi-Gene Prognostic Signatures in Liver Cancer.

Simultaneous identification of multiple single genes and multi-gene prognostic signatures with higher efficacy in liver cancer has rarely been reported. Here, 1,173 genes potentially related to the liver cancer prognosis were mined with Coremine, and the gene expression and survival data in 370 samples for overall survival (OS) and 319 samples for disease-free survival (DFS) were retrieved from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Numerous survival analyses results revealed that 39 genes and 28 genes significantly associated with DFS and OS in liver cancer, including 18 and 12 novel genes that have not been systematically reported in relation to the liver cancer prognosis, respectively.

Septic pulmonary embolism in China: clinical features and analysis of prognostic factors for mortality in 98 cases.

Background: To investigate the clinical features of septic pulmonary embolism (SPE) cases and prognostic factors for in-hospital mortality in China.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of SPE patients hospitalized between January 2007 and June 2018 in the Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University.

Results: A total of 98 patients with SPE were identified.

SENP2 Suppresses Necdin Expression to Promote Brown Adipocyte Differentiation.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a thermogenic organ that maintains body temperature and energy homeostasis. Transcriptional regulation plays an important role in the program of brown adipogenesis. However, it remains unclear how the transcriptional events are controlled in this program.

Targeted disruption of tyrosinase causes melanin reduction in Carassius auratus cuvieri and its hybrid progeny.

The white crucian carp (Carassius auratus cuvieri, WCC) not only is one of the most economically important fish in Asia, characterized by strong reproductive ability and rapid growth rates, but also represents a good germplasm to produce hybrid progenies with heterosis. Gene knockout technique provides a safe and acceptant way for fish breeding. Achieving gene knockout in WCC and its hybrid progeny will be of great importance for both genetic studies and hybridization breeding.

Theophylline inhibits cigarette smoke-induced inflammation in skeletal muscle by upregulating HDAC2 expression and decreasing NF-κB activation.

Inflammation is associated with skeletal muscle dysfunction and atrophy in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Theophylline has an anti-inflammatory role in COPD. However, the effects of theophylline on inflammation in skeletal muscle in COPD have rarely been reported.

The chimeric genes in the hybrid lineage of Carassius auratus cuvieri (♀)×Carassius auratus red var. (♂).

Hybridization can combine the genomes of different strains or species, which leads to changes of genotype and phenotype in the hybrids. In this study, we aimed to investigate the genetic variations of hybrids (WR-F and WR-F) derived from the intraspecific hybridization of white crucian carp (Carassius auratus cuvieri, WCC, ♀) and red crucian carp (Carassius auratus red var., RCC, ♂).

Long-term cigarette smoke exposure inhibits histone deacetylase 2 expression and enhances the nuclear factor-κB activation in skeletal muscle of mice.

Long-term cigarette smoke induces lung inflammatory injury and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), associated with skeletal muscle inflammation. This study aimed at investigating how cigarette smoke promotes skeletal muscle inflammation and its molecular pathogenesis. Mice were exposed to air or cigarette smoke for 12 or 24 weeks, and C2C12 cells were stimulated with cigarette smoke extract (CSE).

Acute Penicillium marneffei infection stimulates host M1/M2a macrophages polarization in BALB/C mice.

Background: Penicillium marneffei (P. marneffei) is a thermally dimorphic fungus pathogen that causes fatal infection. Alveolar macrophages are innate immune cells that have critical roles in protection against pulmonary fungal pathogens and the macrophage polarization state has the potential to be a deciding factor in disease progression or resolution.

The role of GABARAPL1/GEC1 in autophagic flux and mitochondrial quality control in MDA-MB-436 breast cancer cells.

GABARAPL1/GEC1 is an early estrogen-induced gene which encodes a protein highly conserved from C. elegans to humans. Overexpressed GABARAPL1 interacts with GABAA or kappa opioid receptors, associates with autophagic vesicles, and inhibits breast cancer cell proliferation.

Down-regulation of Aquaporin1 (AQP1) by peptidoglycan via p38 MAPK pathways in primary rat pleural mesothelial cells.

Background And Objective: This study was designed to investigate the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway involved in Aquaporin1 (AQP1) expression caused by staphylococcal peptidoglycan (PGN) in cultured rat pleural mesothelial cells (rPMCs) in vitro.

Methods: RT-PCR and immunoblot analysis were used to determine the relative mRNA and protein levels of AQP1 by PGN in rPMCs. P38 kinase inhibitor SB203580, JNK inhibitor SP600125, and ERK1/2 inhibitor PD98059 were used to determine the effects of PGN-induced AQP1 expression by immunoblot.

Inhibition of glycolysis attenuates 4-hydroxynonenal-dependent autophagy and exacerbates apoptosis in differentiated SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells.

How cellular metabolic activities regulate autophagy and determine the susceptibility to oxidative stress and ultimately cell death in neuronal cells is not well understood. An important example of oxidative stress is 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), which is a lipid peroxidation product that is formed during oxidative stress, and accumulates in neurodegenerative diseases causing damage. The accumulation of toxic oxidation products such as HNE, is a prevalent feature of neurodegenerative diseases, and can promote organelle and protein damage leading to induction of autophagy.

Over-expression of an inactive mutant cathepsin D increases endogenous alpha-synuclein and cathepsin B activity in SH-SY5Y cells.

Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative movement disorder. The histopathology of Parkinson's disease comprises proteinaceous inclusions known as Lewy bodies, which contains aggregated α-synuclein. Cathepsin D (CD) is a lysosomal protease previously demonstrated to cleave α-synuclein and decrease its toxicity in both cell lines and mouse brains in vivo.

Inhibition of autophagy and glycolysis by nitric oxide during hypoxia-reoxygenation impairs cellular bioenergetics and promotes cell death in primary neurons.

Excessive nitric oxide (NO) production is known to damage mitochondrial proteins and the autophagy repair pathway and so can potentially contribute to neurotoxicity. Accordingly, we hypothesized that protection against protein damage from reactive oxygen and nitrogen species under conditions of low oxygen by the autophagy pathway in neurons would be impaired by NO and enhance bioenergetic dysfunction. Rat primary cortical neurons had the same basal cellular respiration in hypoxia as in normoxia, whereas NO-exposed cells exhibited a gradual decrease in mitochondrial respiration in hypoxia.

Ellagic acid induces a dose- and time-dependent depolarization of mitochondria and activation of caspase-9 and -3 in human neuroblastoma cells.

The polyphenol ellagic acid is found in many natural food sources and has been proposed as a candidate compound for clinical applications due to its anti-oxidative capacity and as a potential anti-tumorigenic compound. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the sensitivity to and possible apoptosis mechanism induced by ellagic acid in neuronal tumor cells. As a model the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line was used.

Bioenergetic and autophagic control by Sirt3 in response to nutrient deprivation in mouse embryonic fibroblasts.

Sirt3 (sirtuin 3) is an NAD-dependent deacetylase localized to mitochondria. Sirt3 expression is increased in mouse muscle and liver by starvation, which could protect against the starvation-dependent increase in oxidative stress and protein damage. Damaged proteins and organelles depend on autophagy for removal and this is critical for cell survival, but the role of Sirt3 is unclear.

Cell origins and diagnostic accuracy of interleukin 27 in pleural effusions.

The objective of the present study was to investigate the presence of interleukin (IL)-27 in pleural effusions and to evaluate the diagnostic significance of pleural IL-27. The concentrations of IL-27 were determined in pleural fluids and sera from 68 patients with tuberculous pleural effusion, 63 malignant pleural effusion, 22 infectious pleural effusion, and 21 transudative pleural effusion. Flow cytometry was used to identify which pleural cell types expressed IL-27.

Reduced CaM/FLIP binding by a single point mutation in c-FLIP(L) modulates Fas-mediated apoptosis and decreases tumorigenesis.

We have previously demonstrated that calmodulin (CaM) binds directly to c-FLIP(L) in a Ca(2+)-dependent manner. Deletion of the CaM-binding region (amino acid 197-213) results in reduced CaM binding, and increased Fas-mediated apoptosis and decreased tumorigenesis of cholangiocarcinoma cells. The present studies were designed to identify the precise amino acids between 197 and 213 that are responsible for CaM/FLIP binding, and their roles in mediating the anti-apoptotic function of c-FLIP(L).

Reduction of mutant huntingtin accumulation and toxicity by lysosomal cathepsins D and B in neurons.

Background: Huntington's disease is caused by aggregation of mutant huntingtin (mHtt) protein containing more than a 36 polyQ repeat. Upregulation of macroautophagy was suggested as a neuroprotective strategy to degrade mutant huntingtin. However, macroautophagy initiation has been shown to be highly efficient in neurons whereas lysosomal activities are rate limiting.

Diagnostic value of soluble mesothelin-related peptides for malignant mesothelioma: a meta-analysis.

Background: Serum concentrations of soluble mesothelin-related peptides (SMRP) have been reported to be higher in patients with malignant mesothelioma than in healthy subjects and in patients with non-malignant mesothelioma diseases. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to establish the overall diagnostic accuracy of the measurement of SMRPs for diagnosing malignant mesothelioma.

Methods: After a systematic review of English language studies, sensitivity, specificity, and other measures of accuracy of serum SMRPs in the diagnosis of malignant mesothelioma were pooled using random-effects models.