Automated extraction of Tridacna shell growth patterns via machine learning for enhanced paleoclimate/paleoweather research.

Tridacna spp. are valuable archives for paleoclimate and paleoweather research due to their distinct daily growth patterns and the sensitivity of the daily growth patterns to environment changes. However, manually identifying daily growth lines and measuring the daily growth increment width (DGIW) of Tridacna shells from Laser Scanning Confocal Microscopy (LSCM) images is a tedious task that has become a significant barrier to Tridacna studies.

Multi-task learning for segmentation and classification of breast tumors from ultrasound images.

Segmentation and classification of breast tumors are critical components of breast ultrasound (BUS) computer-aided diagnosis (CAD), which significantly improves the diagnostic accuracy of breast cancer. However, the characteristics of tumor regions in BUS images, such as non-uniform intensity distributions, ambiguous or missing boundaries, and varying tumor shapes and sizes, pose significant challenges to automated segmentation and classification solutions. Many previous studies have proposed multi-task learning methods to jointly tackle tumor segmentation and classification by sharing the features extracted by the encoder.

HCTNet: A hybrid CNN-transformer network for breast ultrasound image segmentation.

Automatic breast ultrasound image segmentation helps radiologists to improve the accuracy of breast cancer diagnosis. In recent years, the convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have achieved great success in medical image analysis. However, it exhibits limitations in modeling long-range relations, which is unfavorable for ultrasound images with speckle noise and shadows, resulting in decreased accuracy of breast lesion segmentation.

Reunderstanding the Reaction Mechanism of Aqueous Zn-Mn Batteries with Sulfate Electrolytes: Role of the Zinc Sulfate Hydroxide.

Rechargeable aqueous Zn-Mn batteries have garnered extensive attention for next-generation high-safety energy storage. However, the charge-storage chemistry of Zn-Mn batteries remains controversial. Prevailing mechanisms include conversion reaction and cation (de)intercalation in mild acid or neutral electrolytes, and a MnO /Mn dissolution-deposition reaction in strong acidic electrolytes.

Circular RNA SOX13 promotes malignant behavior and cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung cancer through targeting microRNA-3194-3p/microtubule-associated protein RP/EB family member 1.

Circular RNA (circRNA) presents an essential regulatory role in affecting the occurrence and acquired resistance in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), but how circSOX13 impacts NSCLC is unclear. In this work it was found that compared with adjacent normal tissues, circSOX13 and the microtubule-associated protein RP/EB family member 1 (MAPRE1) were signally up-regulated in NSCLC while miR-3194-3p was signally lowered. Pulmonary function tests (PETs) revealed that knocking down circSOX13 or overexpressing miR-3194-3p inhibited NSCLC proliferation, invasion and migration but promoted its apoptosis.

Design of an amperometric glucose oxidase biosensor with added protective and adhesion layers.

Enzymes have demonstrated great potential in the development of advanced electroanalysis devices due to their unique recognition and catalytic properties. However, unsatisfactory stability and limited electron communication of traditional enzyme sensors seriously hinder their large-scale application. In this work, a simple and effective method is proposed to improve the stability of enzyme sensors by using sodium hyaluronate (SH) as a protective film, MXene-TiC/Glucose oxidase (GOD) as the reaction layer, and chitosan (CS) /reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as the adhesion layer.

Self-Template Synthesis of Prussian Blue Analogue Hollow Polyhedrons as Superior Sodium Storage Cathodes.

Prussian blue and its analogues with three-dimensional frame structures have been shown to be of great importance in the research and development of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs). Herein, we develop a simple and convenient self-template method to prepare a hollow-structured Prussian blue analogue (CoFe-PBA). This structure is conducive to buffer the volume changes during ion extraction and insertion processes and shorten the ion diffusion path.

Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol 4: The Notable Risk Factor of Coronary Artery Disease Development.

Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the leading cause of death worldwide, which has a long asymptomatic period of atherosclerosis. Thus, it is crucial to develop efficient strategies or biomarkers to assess the risk of CAD in asymptomatic individuals. A total of 356 consecutive CAD patients and 164 non-CAD controls diagnosed using coronary angiography were recruited.

Salvianolic acid A blocks vasculogenic mimicry formation in human non-small cell lung cancer via PI3K/Akt/mTOR signalling.

Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is associated with aggressive cancer cells. Salvianolic acid A (Sal-A), an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, has bioactive properties from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge. Current investigation aspired to explore the activity of Sal-A in the VM formation of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the mechanism underling this function.

LncRNA MIR210HG Facilitates Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Progression Through Directly Regulation of miR-874/STAT3 Axis.

Background: Long noncoding RNAs are involved in the progression of multiple cancers. However, the expression and mechanism of microRNA (miR)210HG in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear.

Methods: The levels of miR210HG and miR-874 were measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in NSCLC tissue samples and cells.

Pulsed electromagnetic fields modify the adverse effects of glucocorticoids on bone architecture, bone strength and porous implant osseointegration by rescuing bone-anabolic actions.

Long-term glucocorticoid therapy is known to induce increased bone fragility and impaired skeletal regeneration potential. Growing evidence suggests that pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) can accelerate fracture healing and increase bone mass both experimentally and clinically. However, how glucocorticoid-treated bone and bone cells respond to PEMF stimulation remains poorly understood.

Long noncoding RNA LINC-PINT inhibits non-small cell lung cancer progression through sponging miR-218-5p/PDCD4.

Long noncoding RNA, long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA p53-induced transcript (LINC-PINT) was showed to be involved in cancer development. However, the biological effect of LINC-PINT on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unknown. Here, we aimed to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of LINC-PINT in NSCLC.