Research on the innate immune response in transgenic mice following ischemic stroke.

The high incidence, death, disability, and recurrence of ischemic stroke (CIS) place a significant cost on families and society. According to recent research on the condition, immune-related damage is a major contributor to the development and occurrence of CIS. Innate immunity and adaptive immunity are the two primary categories of the immune system in the body.

Tumor-Activated Neutrophils Promote Lung Cancer Progression through the IL-8/PD-L1 Pathway.

Background: Lung cancer remains a major global health threat due to its complex microenvironment, particularly the role of neutrophils, which are crucial for tumor development and immune evasion mechanisms. This study aimed to delve into the impact of lung cancer cell-conditioned media on neutrophil functions and their potential implications for lung cancer progression.

Methods: Employing in vitro experimental models, this study has analyzed the effects of lung cancer cell-conditioned media on neutrophil IL-8 and IFN-γ secretion, apoptosis, PD-L1 expression, and T-cell proliferation by using techniques, such as ELISA, flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, and CFSE proliferation assay.

Dynamic change of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and its predictive value of prognosis in acute ischemic stroke.

Objective: The present research aimed to explore the dynamic change of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and its relationship with functional outcome following an acute ischemic stroke (AIS), whether receiving intravenous thrombolysis (IVT) or not.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data that were prospectively acquired from patients with AIS treated with IVT or not. For patients receiving IVT, the NLR was based on a blood test performed prior to IVT (d0) and at different time points after disease onset (d1, d3, d7).

Predictive effects of S100β and CRP levels on hemorrhagic transformation in patients with AIS after intravenous thrombolysis: A concise review based on our center experience.

Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is one of the most dangerous complications after intravenous thrombolysis in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Therefore, we want to explore the predictive effects of peripheral blood S100β and C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels on hemorrhagic transformation after intravenous thrombolysis in AIS patients. Ninety-two AIS patients who had been treated in Huai'an Second People's Hospital from January 2018 to December 2021 were retrospectively selected.

Activation of the Akt/FoxO3 signaling pathway enhances oxidative stress-induced autophagy and alleviates brain damage in a rat model of ischemic stroke.

Autophagy has been implicated in stroke. Our previous study showed that the FoxO3 transcription factor promotes autophagy after transient cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). However, whether the Akt/FoxO3 signaling pathway plays a regulatory role in autophagy in cerebral I/R-induced oxidative stress injury is still unclear.

A comprehensive mouse brain acetylome-the cellular-specific distribution of acetylated brain proteins.

Nε-lysine acetylation is a reversible posttranslational modification (PTM) involved in multiple physiological functions. Genetic and animal studies have documented the critical roles of protein acetylation in brain development, functions, and various neurological disorders. However, the underlying cellular and molecular mechanism are still partially understood.

DL-3-n-butylphthalide alleviates motor disturbance by suppressing ferroptosis in a rat model of Parkinson's disease.

DL-3-n-butylphthalide (NBP)-a compound isolated from Apium graveolens seeds-is protective against brain ischemia via various mechanisms in humans and has been approved for treatment of acute ischemic stroke. NBP has shown recent potential as a treatment for Parkinson's disease. However, the underlying mechanism of action of NBP remains poorly understood.

Acute Cerebral Ischemia Increases a Set of Brain-Specific miRNAs in Serum Small Extracellular Vesicles.

Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) miRNAs are promising diagnosis and prognosis biomarkers for ischemic stroke (IS). This study aimed to determine the impact of IS on the serum sEVs miRNA profile of IS patients and a transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) mouse model. Small RNAseq was used to define the serum sEVs miRNA profile in IS patients and healthy controls (HC), and tMCAO mice and sham controls.

Serum small extracellular vesicles promote M1 activation of microglia after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Microglial M1 activation is detrimental to stroke outcomes. Recent studies have shown that circulating small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) can deliver miRNAs to target cells and regulate recipient cell functions. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that miRNA delivery by serum sEVs after cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury promote microglial M1 activation, demonstrating that serum sEVs from middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice promoted proliferation and M1 activation of BV2 microglia.

Hub-and-spoke model for thrombectomy service in UK NHS practice.

Mechanical thrombectomy is a highly effective but time dependent treatment for acute ischaemic stroke due to large vessel occlusion. In the UK, the national clinical guidelines for stroke and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidance endorses thrombectomy as an acute stroke treatment, and NHS England commissioned thrombectomy services. However, there are no UK 'real-world' data to verify the efficacy of the hub-and-spoke model in thrombectomy.

Characterization of serum small extracellular vesicles and their small RNA contents across humans, rats, and mice.

Serum small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have recently drawn considerable interest because of the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of their miRNAs content. However, the characteristics of human, mouse and rat serum sEVs and their differences in small RNA contents are still unknown. In this study, through nanoparticle tracking analysis and small RNA sequencing, we found that human, rat, and mouse serum sEVs exhibited distinct sizes and particle numbers as well as small RNA contents.

Early Histone Deacetylase Inhibition Mitigates Ischemia/Reperfusion Brain Injury by Reducing Microglia Activation and Modulating Their Phenotype.

Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are a promising therapeutic intervention for stroke. The involvement of the anti-inflammatory effects of HDACi in their neuroprotection has been reported, but the underlying mechanisms are still uncertain. Given the post-stroke inflammation is a time-dependent process, starting with acute and intense inflammation, and followed by a prolonged and mild one, we proposed whether target the early inflammatory response could achieve the neuroprotection of HDACi? To test this hypothesis, a single dose of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) (50 mg/kg), a pan HDACi, was intraperitoneally (i.

Heart rate variability after endovascular coiling is associated with short-term outcomes in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Objective: to evaluate whether postoperative heart rate variability (HRV) predicts short-term outcomes in patients undergoing coil embolization of ruptured aneurysms.

Methods: Consecutive patients receiving endovascular coiling to treat aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) were retrospectively reviewed between November 2011 and December 2014 in the authors' institution. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) recorded in the initial 24 h after endovascular treatment were extracted along with other clinical data.

Prevalence of Stroke and Vascular Risk Factors in China: a Nationwide Community-based Study.

We aimed to investigate the prevalence of stroke and related vascular risk factors in adult population aged 40 years and older in China. We conducted a prospective cross-sectional survey in nationally representative sample of 207323 individuals from all 31 Chinese provinces in 2013. Data were used to analyze the prevalence of stroke by age, sex, geographical regions and educational level.

Postoperative blood pressure variability exerts an influence on clinical outcome after coil embolization of ruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of postoperative blood pressure (BP) variability on functional outcome in patients after coil embolization of ruptured aneurysms.

Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed their database of patients undergoing endovascular coiling to treat subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) between November 2011 and December 2014. BP values were recorded every 2 hours in the initial 24 hours after endovascular obliteration of ruptured aneurysms.

Association of Different Stenting Procedures with Symptomatic Thromboembolic Complications in Stent-Assisted Coiling of Ruptured Wide-Necked Intracranial Aneurysms.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the association of different stenting procedures with the procedure-related complications in stent-assisted coiling (SAC) of ruptured wide-necked aneurysms.

Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing SAC of ruptured wide-necked aneurysms were retrospectively reviewed between December 2011 and June 2016. They received 1 of the 3 stenting procedures during SAC: 1) the coiling microcatheter was "jailed" outside of the stent and the coil embolization proceeded above the stent; 2) initial stent deployment followed by the coils through the stent's strut technique; or 3) the coil-then-stent technique.

Characterization of mouse serum exosomal small RNA content: The origins and their roles in modulating inflammatory response.

In the last decade, although studies on exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) derived from serum and other body fluids have increased dramatically; the contents and biological significance of serum exosomes under normal conditions remain unclear. In the present study, we profiled the small RNA content of mouse serum exosomes (mSEs) using small RNAseq and found that fragments of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and miRNAs were the two predominant exosomal RNA species, accounting for approximately 60% and 10% of mapped reads, respectively. Moreover, 466 known and 5 novel miRNAs were identified from two independent experiments, among which the five most abundant miRNAs (miR-486a-5p, miR-22-3p, miR-16-5p, miR-10b-5p and miR-27b-3p) accounted for approximately 60% of all the aligned miRNA sequences.

Characteristics of Blood Pressure Profiles After Endovascular Coiling as Predictors of Clinical Outcome in Poor-Grade Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage.

Objective: Accurate identification of patients who will achieve a favorable outcome is almost impossible preoperatively or postoperatively in poor-grade (Hunt and Hess Grade IV and V) aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Whether characteristics of blood pressure profiles during the first 24 hours after endovascular coiling could predict prognosis in poor grade patients was explored.

Methods: Data were obtained retrospectively on all patients undergoing endovascular treatment with poor-grade SAH from November 2011 to June 2016.

The association between HDAC9 gene polymorphisms and stroke risk in the Chinese population: A meta-analysis.

Several recent genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have suggested that the histone deacetylase 9 (HDAC9) gene is associated with stroke, but the reliability of these findings remains controversial, particularly for the data derived from different ethnicities and geographical locations. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to explore the associations between HDAC9 polymorphisms and the risk of stroke in the Chinese population. All eligible case-control studies that met the search criteria were retrieved from multiple databases, and six case-control studies with a total of 2,356 stroke patients and 3,420 healthy controls were included.

Increased Brain-Specific MiR-9 and MiR-124 in the Serum Exosomes of Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients.

The aims of this study were to examine the alternation in serum exosome concentrations and the levels of serum exosomal miR-9 and miR-124, two brain-specific miRNAs, in acute ischemic stroke (AIS) patients and to explore the predictive values of these miRNAs for AIS diagnosis and damage evaluation. Sixty-five patients with AIS at the acute stage were enrolled and 66 non-stroke volunteers served as controls. Serum exosomes isolated by ExoQuick precipitations were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle-tracking analysis and western blotting.

Comparison of Stent-Assisted Coiling and Balloon-Assisted Coiling in the Treatment of Ruptured Wide-Necked Intracranial Aneurysms in the Acute Period.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy, stability, and safety of stent-assisted coiling (SAC) and balloon-assisted coiling (BAC) in the treatment of ruptured wide-necked aneurysms in the acute period.

Methods: Consecutive patients including 65 cases treated with SAC and 32 with BAC were reviewed at the authors' institution between November 2011 and December 2014. The efficacy of these 2 approaches and the incidence of periprocedural complications were retrospectively evaluated.

The Effect of PSD-93 Deficiency on the Expression of Early Inflammatory Cytokines Induced by Ischemic Brain Injury.

The aim of the study was to explore the effect of PSD-93 deficiency on the expression of early inflammatory cytokines induced by cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Ten- to twelve-week-old male PSD-93 knockout (PSD-93 KO) mice (C57BL/6 genetic background) and wild-type (WT) littermates were randomly divided into sham and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group. The focal cerebral I/R model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) suture method.

Risk Factors to Predict Postoperative Fever After Coil Embolization of Ruptured Intracranial Aneurysms.

Objective: To investigate risk factors to predict postoperative fever after endovascular treatment of ruptured intracranial aneurysms.

Methods: Patients undergoing endovascular coiling to treat subarachnoid hemorrhage in Nantong University between November 2011 and September 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Postoperative temperature and patient demographic data, admission status, characteristic features of aneurysms, and endovascular coiling procedure were documented and analyzed.

Suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid suppresses hepatic stellate cells activation by HMGB1 dependent reduction of NF-κB1.

Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) activation is essential to the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis. Exploring drugs targeting HSC activation is a promising anti-fibrotic strategy. In the present study, we found suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, prominently suppressed the activation phenotype of a human hepatic stellate cell line-LX2.