Prognostic value of serum oncomarkers for patients hospitalized with acute exacerbation of interstitial lung disease.

Background: Different types of inflammatory processes and fibrosis have been implicated in the pathogenesis of interstitial lung disease (ILD), a heterogeneous, diffuse, parenchymal lung disease. Acute exacerbation (AE) of ILD is characterized by significant respiratory deterioration and is associated with high mortality rates. Several serum oncomarkers have been used to determine the prognosis of ILD; however, the prognostic value of serum oncomarker levels in patients with AE-ILD remains unclear.

Clinical manifestations and prognostic factors analysis of patients hospitalised with acute exacerbation of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and other interstitial lung diseases.

Background: Acute exacerbation (AE) is a life-threatening condition taking place not only in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) but also in interstitial lung diseases (ILD) other than IPF (non-IPF ILD). This study aims to compare the clinical manifestations between patients hospitalised with AE-IPF and AE-non-IPF ILD, and further analyse the risk factors related to in-hospital mortality.

Methods: Clinical data of 406 patients hospitalised with AE-IPF (93 cases) and AE-non-IPF ILD (313 cases) were retrospectively collected.

Glucocorticoid Use in Patients Hospitalized with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Exacerbations.

Objective Of The Study: Systemic glucocorticoid therapy can improve the outcomes of acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD). The study tried to investigate the use of glucocorticoids in AECOPD patients and the factors associated with the physicians' choice.

Methodology: Patients with AECOPD over two periods were divided by the year of 2017 when GOLD and ERS/ATS Guideline for COPD were updated.

[Multiple pulmonary nodules with interstitial changes].

A 53-year-old female patient with pulmonary nodules for more than 3 years was admitted to Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital because of cough and sputum with shortness of breath after exercise for 4 months. In the first two and a half years, her pulmonary nodules remained stable, after that the nodules increased obviously with interstitial changes. After admission, a venous thromboembolic (VTE) event was quickly detected with a marked increase in D-dimer.

Reticulocalbin 3 deficiency in alveolar epithelium attenuated LPS-induced ALI via NF-κB signaling.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by acute lung injury (ALI) secondary to an excessive alveolar inflammatory response. Reticulocalbin 3 (Rcn3) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen protein in the secretory pathway. We previously reported the indispensable role of Rcn3 in type II alveolar epithelial cells (AECIIs) during lung development and the lung injury repair process.

Blood Eosinophil Levels and Prognosis of Hospitalized Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Backgroud: Studies about the clinical significance of high eosinophil levels in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are conflicting, and it has been less studied in hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD).This study was to examine blood eosinophil levels in relation to the prognosis of hospitalized patients with AECOPD.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of patients with AECOPD as their primary diagnosis and admitted to Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, from January 2010 to December 2016.

Rcn3 Suppression Was Responsible for Partial Relief of Emphysema as Shown by Specific Type II Alveolar Epithelial Cell Rcn3 CKO Mouse Model.

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by irreversible airflow limitation, is a highly prevalent lung disease worldwide and imposes increasing disease burdens globally. Emphysema is one of the primary pathological features contributing to the irreversible decline of pulmonary function in COPD patients, but the pathogenetic mechanisms remain unclear. Reticulocalbin 3 (Rcn3) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen protein localized in the secretory pathway of living cells.

Independent factors associated with pneumonia among hospitalized patients with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Acute exacerbations (AE) affect the prognosis of hospitalized patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Pneumonia further affects their prognosis and early diagnosis of pneumonia in AECOPD is important to initiate treatments. This study aimed to examine the differences between hospitalized AECOPD patients with and without pneumonia in order to identify risk factors of pneumonia among hospitalized patients with AECOPD.

Dietary Supplementation with Oleum Cinnamomi Improves Intestinal Functions in Piglets.

The present study was to determine the efficacy of dietary supplementation with oleum cinnamomi (OCM) on growth performance and intestinal functions in piglets. Sixteen piglets (24-day-old) were randomly assigned to the control or OCM groups. Piglets in the control group were fed a basal diet, whereas piglets in the OCM group were fed the basal diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg OCM.

Reticulocalbin 3 Deficiency in Alveolar Epithelium Exacerbated Bleomycin-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis.

Reticulocalbin 3 (Rcn3) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) lumen protein localized to the secretory pathway. We have reported that Rcn3 plays a critical role in alveolar epithelial type II cell maturation during perinatal lung development, but its biological role in the adult lung is largely unknown. In this study, we found marked induction of Rcn3 expression in alveolar epithelium during bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, which is most obvious in alveolar epithelial type II cells (AECIIs).

Clinical characteristics of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlapped with bronchial asthma.

Background: The clinical characteristics of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease overlapped with bronchial asthma (COPD-BA) have not been discussed thoroughly.

Objective: To reveal the clinical features of patients with COPD-BA, to evaluate the risk factors of COPD-BA, and to provide suggestions for COPD individualized therapy.

Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed.

Disseminated nocardiosis caused by in an immunocompetent host: A case report and literature review.

The aim of the present study was to summarize the clinical characteristics of nocardiosis caused by in order to improve the knowledge of nocardiosis. A case of dissemination nocardiosis caused by in an immunocompetent host is reported and the associated literature reviewed. Informed consent for publication of this case report was provided by the patient.

Specific clinical manifestations of : A case report and literature review.

Nocardiosis is a rare bacterial infection of either the lungs (pulmonary) or body (systemic) that usually affects immunocompromised individuals. It is caused by Gram-positive, aerobic actinomycetes of the genus. Multiple high-density sheet shadows in both lungs along with nodules or cavities are the most common presentations of nocardiosis, whereas a large pulmonary mass is considered to be rare.

Preclinical Studies of Mesenchymal Stem Cell (MSC) Administration in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: In the last two decades, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been pre-clinically utilized in the treatment of a variety of kinds of diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The aim of the current study was to systematically review and conduct a meta-analysis on the published pre-clinical studies of MSC administration in the treatment of COPD in animal models.

Methods And Results: A systematic search of electronic databases was performed.

A Preliminary Study on RCN3 Protein Expression in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.

Background: Reticulocalbin 3 (RCN3), a member of CREC (Cab45/reticulocalbin/ ERC-45/calumenin) family protein, is located in the secretory pathway of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of living cells. Disruption of RCN3 leads to failure of lung function in the mouse model. Although ER stress has been associated with the development of a variety of tumors, the role of RCN3 in development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in human is unknown at present.

The Synergistic Mechanism of Pemetrexed Followed by Kanglaite was due to KLT Subsequently Inhibiting the Pemetrexed-Activated MAPK Signaling Pathway.

Background: Kanglaite (KLT) can enhance the cytotoxic effects of chemotherapy; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the mechanism underlying the cytotoxic synergy between KLT and pemetrexed in NSCLC cell lines.

Methods: A549 and H1975 cell lines were treated with pemetrexed and/or KLT in vitro.

Multicentre investigation of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes in Chinese patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Objective: A prospective observational study to investigate the distribution and antimicrobial resistance of pathogenic bacteria in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) in Beijing, China.

Methods: Patients with AECOPD were recruited from 11 general hospitals. Sputum specimens were cultured and bacteria identified.

Attenuating effect of Ginsenoside Rb1 on LPS-induced lung injury in rats.

Background: Sepsis causes neutrophil sequestration in the lung which leads to acute lung injury (ALI). Radix Ginseng (RG), a traditional herb used as herbal remedy in eastern Asia for thousands of years, which has been traditionally used in China to improve blood circulation and ameliorate pathological hemostasis. This study investigated whether Ginsenoside Rb1, the main components of RG, can attenuate ALI induced by LPS.

Analysis of growth factors in serum and induced sputum from patients with asthma.

Epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), the AA and BB isoforms of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are involved in the pathogenesis of airway inflammation in asthma. In the present study, the associations between asthmatic phenotypes and the expression levels of these mediators in induced sputum and serum were investigated. A total of 62 asthmatic patients were divided into eosinophilic or neutrophilic phenotypes by cytological classification of the induced sputum.

Schedule-dependent synergistic interaction between docetaxel and gefitinib in NSCLC cell lines regardless of the mutation status of EGFR and KRAS and its molecular mechanisms.

Background: Tyrosine-kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and chemotherapy had different pharmacological mechanisms and therefore combined administration of TKIs and chemotherapy agents may have synergy. Our research aimed at exploring the cytotoxic interactions between gefitinib and docetaxel with different concentrations for non-small-cell lung cancer cell lines, and furthermore, the mechanisms underlying the cytotoxic synergism.

Methods: NCI-H1650 [epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and KRAS wild-type], NCI-H292 (EGFR wild-type and KRAS wild-type) and A549 (EGFR wild-type and KRAS mutation) cell lines were treated with docetaxel and/or gefitinib.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 activates TGF-β and stimulates fibroblast contraction of collagen gels.

Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is a matrix-degrading enzyme implicated in many biological processes, including inflammation. It is produced by many cells, including fibroblasts. When cultured in three-dimensional (3D) collagen gels, fibroblasts contract the surrounding matrix, a function that is thought to model the contraction that characterizes both normal wound repair and fibrosis.

Extubation with or without spontaneous breathing trial.

Purpose- To evaluate whether spontaneous breathing trials (SBTs) are necessary when extubating critical care patients. Methods- A prospective, randomized, double-blind study was performed in adult patients supported by mechanical ventilation for at least 48 hours in the general intensive care unit of a teaching hospital. Patients ready for weaning were randomly assigned to either the SBT group (extubation with an SBT) or the no-SBT group (extubation without an SBT).

PGE 2 desensitizes β -agonist effect on human lung fibroblast-mediated collagen gel contraction through upregulating PDE4.

In the current study, we investigated the effect of a long-acting β -agonist (salmeterol) and a phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitor (cilomilast) on human lung fibroblast-mediated collagen gel contraction. Higher concentrations of salmeterol (10(-7) and 10(-6) M) inhibited fibroblast-mediated collagen gel contraction. No effect was observed with cilomilast alone (up to 10(-5) M).