Deciphering differences in microbial community characteristics and main factors between healthy and root rot-infected rhizosphere soils.

Introduction: Fusarium-induced root rot of () is a typical soil-borne disease that has severely damaged the industry in China. Understanding the interaction among soil microbial communities, soil characteristics, and pathogenic bacteria is very important for the ecological prevention and control of root rot.

Methods: We used Miseq Illumina high-throughput sequencing technology to study the microbial community in the rhizosphere soil of healthy and diseased C.

Nursing Experience in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia.

Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation stands as a vital treatment for leukemia, yet its implementation poses considerable challenges and complications. A comprehensive understanding of these challenges is crucial for appreciating the significance of enhanced nursing care.

Objective: To explore and summarise the nursing experience of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

MicroRNA750-3p Targets to Suppress Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus Propagation in Vector .

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs, which, as members of the RNA interference pathway, play a pivotal role in antiviral infection. Almost 80% of plant viruses are transmitted by insect vectors; however, little is known about the interaction of the miRNAs of insect vectors with plant viruses. Here, we took rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV), a devastating virus to rice production in eastern Asia, and the small brown planthopper, (SBPH, ) as a model to investigate the role of microRNA750-3p (miR750-3p) in regulating viral transmission.

The miR-184-3p promotes rice black-streaked dwarf virus infection by suppressing Ken in Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén).

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a key role in various biological processes by influencing the translation of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs) through post-transcriptional regulation. The miR-184-3p has been identified as an abundant conserved miRNA in insects. However, less is known about its functions in insect-plant virus interactions.

The burden of tuberculosis among adolescents and young adults in five Asian countries from 1990 to 2019.

Background: Previous studies have shown that the risk of tuberculosis (TB) increases dramatically during adolescence. The objective of this article was to analyze the burdens and trends of TB incidence and mortality rates in Asian adolescents and young adults.

Methods: Time series ecological study of TB incidence and mortality rates of adolescents and young adults aged 10-24 years from 1990 to 2019, using data extracted from the Global Burden of Disease website for 5 Asian countries.

[Inhibitory effect of three strains of biocontrol microbes on pathogens causing rhizome rot of Polygonatum cyrtonema].

Rhizome rot is one of the main disease in the cultivation of Polygonatum cyrtonema, and it is also a global disease which seriously occurs on the perennial medicinal plants such as Panax notoginseng and P. ginseng. There is no effective control method at present.

A plant virus hijacks phosphatidylinositol-3,5-bisphosphate to escape autophagic degradation in its insect vector.

Hosts can initiate macroautophagy/autophagy as an antiviral defense response, while viruses have developed multiple ways to evade the host autophagic degradation. However, little is known as to whether viruses can target lipids to subvert autophagic degradation. Here, we show that a low abundant signaling lipid, phosphatidylinositol 3,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(3,5)P), is required for rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) to evade the autophagic degradation in the insect vector .

Linking the chemical nature of soil organic carbon and biological binding agent in aggregates to soil aggregate stability following biochar amendment in a rice paddy.

Changes in soil aggregation with biochar amendment have been investigated extensively, but how biochar affects the chemical composition of organic carbon (C) and biological binding agents in aggregates and their linkage with soil aggregate stability remains unclear. Soil samples were collected in a rice paddy treated with 0 (C0, control), 10 t ha (C10), 20 t ha (C20) and 40 t ha (C40) biochar for twenty months. The amount and chemical composition of soil organic C (SOC), microbial abundances and glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) were determined in bulk soil and four fractions: large macroaggregates (>2000 μm), small macroaggregates (250-2000 μm), microaggregates (53-250 μm), and silt + clay (<53 μm).

[Effects of moso bamboo () expansion on soil microbial community in evergreen broad-leaved forest].

The special eco-physiological characteristics of moso bamboo () facilitate their fast invasion in nature ecosystems. The widespread expansion of moso bamboo causes degradation of adjacent forest ecosystem and change of landscape, as well as soil properties and microbial community composition. However, how moso bamboo expansion affects soil microbial composition is far from fully understood.

Identification of putative binding interface of PI(3,5)P lipid on rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) P10 protein.

Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) is an important reovirus that infects both plants and its transmission vector small brown planthopper, causing severe crop loss. High affinity binding between RBSDV P10 and PI(3,5)P lipid layer was measured using biolayer interferometry (BLI). Subcellular co-localization of PI(3,5)P and RBSDV P10 was observed on membranous structures in insect cells with stochastic optical reconstruction microscopy (STORM) imaging.

Identification and Characterization Analysis of Transient Receptor Potential Mucolipin Protein of Fallén.

Transient receptor potential mucolipin (TRPML) protein in flies plays a pivotal role in Ca ions release, resulting in membrane trafficking, autophagy and ion homeostasis. However, to date, the characterization of TRPML in agricultural pests remains unknown. Here, we firstly reported the TRPML of a destructive pest of gramineous crops, .

An Investigation of a Confirmed Imported Case of COVID-19 Infected Abroad - Qingpu District, Shanghai Municipality, China, November 15, 2020.

Summary: A passenger who was from the United States was taken to the hotel for the required isolation on November 13, 2020. During the quarantine she was diagnosed as the COVID-19 patient on November 15, 2020. Controlling the importation of COVID-19 remains a major challenge.

Cytochrome P450 Monooxygenases and Regulate Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus Replication in (Fallén).

The small brown planthopper, (Fallén), is an important agricultural pest that causes significant losses by sucking and transmitting multiple plant viruses, such as rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV). Insecticides are commonly used to control planthoppers and cause the induction or overexpression of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) from the CYP3 and CYP4 clades after insecticide application. However, little is known about the roles of insecticides and P450s in the regulation of viral replication in insects.

iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics suggests mitophagy involvement after Rice black-streaked dwarf virus acquisition in insect vector small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus Fallén.

Plant viruses trigger numerous responses in their insect vectors. Using iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics analysis, early responses of the insect vector, the small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus Fallén, SBPH), after acquiring Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) at 3 days and 5 days post first access to diseased plants (padp) were revealed. A total of 582 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in SBPH with a fold change >1.

MicroRNA-315-5p promotes rice black-streaked dwarf virus infection by targeting a melatonin receptor in the small brown planthopper.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), a class of small non-coding endogenous RNAs, play key roles in various biological processes. Most plant viruses are transmitted by insect vectors. However, little is known about the function of miRNAs on plant virus-insect host interaction.

Linking enhanced soil nitrogen mineralization to increased fungal decomposition capacity with Moso bamboo invasion of broadleaf forests.

Plant invasion can markedly alter soil fungal communities and nitrogen (N) availability; however, the linkage between the fungal decomposition capacity and N mineralization during plant invasion remains largely unknown. Here, we examined the relationship between net mineralization rates and relevant functional genes, as well as fungal species composition and function following Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) invasion of evergreen broadleaf forests, by studying broadleaf forests (non-invaded), mixed bamboo-broadleaf forests (moderately invaded) and bamboo forests (heavily invaded). Fungal species composition and functional genes involved in organic matter decomposition (laccase and cellobiohydrolase), N mineralization (alkaline peptidases) and nitrification (ammonia monooxygenase) were determined via high-throughput sequencing and real-time PCR.

Selection of DNA Aptamers for Subcellular Localization of RBSDV P10 Protein in the Midgut of Small Brown Planthoppers by Emulsion PCR-Based SELEX.

Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV), classified under the genus, caused an epidemic in the eastern provinces of China and other East Asian countries and resulted in severe yield loss in rice and wheat production. RBSDV is transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH, Fallén) in a persistent manner. In order to provide a stable and cost-effective detection probe, in this study we selected three DNA aptamers (R3, R5 and R11) by an optimized, standardized and time saving emulsion PCR-based SELEX, for the detection of RBSDV outer-shell P10 protein for in situ localization studies in the midgut of SBPH.

Systematic Identification and Functional Analysis of Circular RNAs During Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus Infection in the (Fallén) Midgut.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous RNAs that have critical regulatory roles in numerous biological processes. However, it remains largely unknown whether circRNAs are induced in response to plant virus infection in the insect vector of the virus as well as whether the circRNAs regulate virus infection. Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) is transmitted by (Fallén) in a persistent propagative manner and causes severe losses in East Asian countries.

Comprehensive Identification and Characterization of Long Non-coding RNAs Associated With Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus Infection in (Fallén) Midgut.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are involved in a variety of biological functions through transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation. However, little is known about their functions in the process of insect mediated virus transmission. In the present study, we analyzed using RNA-Seq, the lncRNAs that were differentially expressed in response to Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) infection in (Fallén) midgut.

Alteration of soil nitrifiers and denitrifiers and their driving factors during intensive management of Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens).

Long-term intensive management, such as inorganic fertilization and soil tillage, have been reported to decrease soil organic carbon content (SOC) and diversity of soil bacterial communities, as well as increase NO emissions in moso bamboo forests. However, the response of the N-cycling soil microbial community to intensive management remains unclear. To address this, we examined the effects of intensive moso bamboo management on nitrifying and denitrifying microorganisms.

Determination of Suitable RT-qPCR Reference Genes for Studies of Gene Functions in (Fallén).

The reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) has been widely used to determine gene functions in (Fallén) (small brown planthopper). Selection of suitable reference gene(s) for normalizations of RT-qPCR data is critical for reliable results. To date, reports on identification of suitable reference genes are still very limited.

Rice black-streaked dwarf virus P10 suppresses protein kinase C in insect vector through changing the subcellular localization of LsRACK1.

Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) was known to be transmitted by the small brown planthopper (SBPH) in a persistent, circulative and propagative manner in nature. Here, we show that RBSDV major outer capsid protein (also known as P10) suppresses the protein kinase C (PKC) activity of SBPH through interacting with the receptor for activated protein kinase C 1 (LsRACK1). The N terminal of P10 (amino acids (aa) 1-270) and C terminal of LsRACK1 (aa 268-315) were mapped as crucial for the interaction.

Dynamic changes of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) degradation and adsorption to biochar as affected by soil organic carbon content.

Biochar amendment constitutes an effective soil remediation strategy for organic contaminants, but how the soil organic carbon (SOC) content affects polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) degradation and adsorption to biochar remains unclear. A 120-day biochar amendment experiment was conducted to investigate the dynamic effects of SOC on PCBs degradation in soil and adsorption to biochar. Biochar in low-SOC (LSOC) soils adsorbed a significantly higher amount of PCBs than did that in high-SOC (HSOC) soils.

Porphyromonas gingivalis ATCC 33277 promotes intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in endothelial cells and monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion through macrophage migration inhibitory factor.

Background: Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), one of the main pathogenic bacteria involved in periodontitis, induces the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule - 1 (ICAM-1) and monocyte-endothelial cell adhesion. This effect plays a pivotal role in atherosclerosis development.

Identification of virus-derived siRNAs and their targets in RBSDV-infected rice by deep sequencing.

RNA interference (RNAi) is a conserved mechanism against viruses in plants and animals. It is thought to inactivate the viral genome by producing virus-derived small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs). Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) is transmitted to plants by the small brown planthopper (Laodelphax striatellus), and seriously threatens production of rice in East Asia, particularly Oryza sativa japonica subspecies.