The roles of metastasis-related proteins in the development of giant cell tumor of bone, osteosarcoma and Ewing's sarcoma.

Background: Giant cell tumor of bone (GC), osteosarcoma (OS) and Ewing's sarcoma (ES) are three different types of bone cancer with common and specific pathology features.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to examine the relationship and differences of the three bone tumors using clinical samples.

Methods: Through screening the profiles of clinical samples from GC, OS and ES patients using a humanoncology array, we found 26, 25 and 15 tumorigenesis factors significantly increased in GS, OS and ES tissues compared to normal individuals.

Studies on the Neuroprotection of Osthole on Glutamate-Induced Apoptotic Cells and an Alzheimer's Disease Mouse Model via Modulation Oxidative Stress.

In the present study, the neuroprotection of osthole (OST) was confirmed. In L-glutamic acid (L-Glu)-damaged HT22 cells, a 3-h pre-incubation with OST-enhanced cell viability suppressed the apoptosis rate; inhibited the activities of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9; reduced the over-accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species; restored the dissipated mitochondrial membrane potential; and regulated the expression levels of B cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bax, cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), NF-E2p45-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and its downstream proteins. In amyloid precursor protein/presenilin 1 (APP/PS1) transgenic mice, an 8-week OST administration improved the pathological behaviors related to memory and cognition, and reduced the expression levels of 4-hydroxynonenal, the deposition of β-amyloid peptides and neuronal fiber tangles formed by the high phosphor-Tau in the brain.

Protective roles of isoastilbin against Alzheimer's disease via Nrf2‑mediated antioxidation and anti‑apoptosis.

By analyzing the L‑glutamic acid (L‑Glu)‑induced apoptosis of PC12 cells and an AlCl3 combined with D‑galactose (D‑gal)‑developed Alzheimer's disease (AD) mouse model, the protective effects of isoastilbin (IAB) against AD were systematically investigated in the present study. Pre‑incubation with IAB for 3 h prior to treatment with 25 mM L‑Glu decreased cell viability and inhibited apoptosis, suppressed the accumulation of intracellular reactive oxygen species, and restored mitochondrial membrane potential in PC12 cells induced by L‑Glu. In mice with AD, the reduced escape latency time in the water maze test, suppressed chronic movement in the center area of an open field test and enhanced ability to seek hidden food in a Y maze test indicated that abnormal behaviors had improved after 28 days of treatment with IAB.

Sarcodon imbricatus polysaccharides improve mouse hematopoietic function after cyclophosphamide-induced damage via G-CSF mediated JAK2/STAT3 pathway.

Sarcodon imbricatus, a rare medicinal and edible fungus, has various pharmacological bioactivities. We investigated the effects of S. imbricatus polysaccharides (SIPS) on hematopoietic function and identified the underlying mechanisms using in vitro experiments with CHRF, K562, and bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNCs) and in vivo experiments with a mouse model of cyclophosphamide-induced hematopoietic dysfunction.

The anti-fatigue activities of in a mouse model.

(TM) is an edible fungus that exhibits antioxidant and anti-tumor activity via its unique bioactive metabolites. The present study analyzed the anti-fatigue effects of TM using a BALB/c mouse model. The anti-fatigue properties of TM were evaluated by assessing the endurance of mice by performing forced swimming, rotary rod and running tests.

Investigation of the neuroprotective effects of Lycium barbarum water extract in apoptotic cells and Alzheimer's disease mice.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects people worldwide and is caused by chronic and progressive damage to the central nervous system. Lycium barbarum (LB), a renowned functional food and medicinal plant in Southeast Asia, may possess protective effects against nerve injury. The present study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of LB water extract in a differentiated (D)PC12 cellular apoptosis model induced by L‑glutamic acid (L‑Glu), and a mouse model of AD, induced by the combination of AlCl3 and D‑galactose.