Identification and Evaluation of Recombinant Outer Membrane Proteins as Vaccine Candidates Against .

found in the normal flora of the human oral and intestinal tract mainly causes hospital-acquired infections but can also cause community-acquired infections. To date, most clinical trials of vaccines against have ended in failure. Furthermore, no single conserved protein has been identified as an antigen candidate to accelerate vaccine development.

IFN-γ-dependent NK cell activation is essential to metastasis suppression by engineered Salmonella.

Metastasis accounts for 90% of cancer-related deaths and, currently, there are no effective clinical therapies to block the metastatic cascade. A need to develop novel therapies specifically targeting fundamental metastasis processes remains urgent. Here, we demonstrate that Salmonella YB1, an engineered oxygen-sensitive strain, potently inhibits metastasis of a broad range of cancers.

Strong Immune Responses Induced by Direct Local Injections of Modified mRNA-Lipid Nanocomplexes.

In vitro transcribed mRNAs hold the promises of many medical applications in disease prevention and treatment, such as replacement or supplement of missing or inadequately expressed endogenous proteins and as preventive vaccines against infectious diseases, therapeutic vaccines, or other protein-based biopharmaceutics for cancer therapy. A safe and efficient delivery system for mRNA is crucial to the success of mRNA therapeutic applications. In this study, we report that InstantFECT, a liposome-based transfection reagent, can pack pseudouridine-incorporated mRNA into nanocomplexes that are highly efficient in mediating in vivo transfection in multiple organs after local delivery.

Hybrid nanovaccine for the co-delivery of the mRNA antigen and adjuvant.

For efficient cancer vaccines, the antitumor function largely relies on cytotoxic T cells, whose activation can be effectively induced via antigen-encoding mRNA, making mRNA-based cancer vaccines an attractive approach for personalized cancer therapy. While the liposome-based delivery system enables the systemic delivery and transfection of mRNA, incorporating an adjuvant that is non-lipid like remains challenging, although the co-delivery of mRNA (antigen) and effective adjuvant is key to the activation of the cytotoxic T cells. This is because the presence of an adjuvant is important for dendritic cell maturation-another necessity for cytotoxic T cell activation.

Broad and Effective Protection against Staphylococcus aureus Is Elicited by a Multivalent Vaccine Formulated with Novel Antigens.

The demand for a prophylactic vaccine against methicillin-resistant (MRSA) has motivated numerous dedicated research groups to design and develop such a vaccine. In this study, we have developed a multivalent vaccine, Sta-V5, composed of five conserved antigens involved in three important virulence mechanisms. This prototype vaccine conferred up to 100% protection against multiple epidemiologically relevant isolates in five different murine disease models.

Live attenuated Salmonella typhimurium vaccines delivering SaEsxA and SaEsxB via type III secretion system confer protection against Staphylococcus aureus infection.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) causes a wide range of infectious diseases in human and animals. The emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains demands novel strategies for prophylactic vaccine development.

Immunotherapy Targeting Adenosine Synthase A Decreases Severity of Staphylococcus aureus Infection in Mouse Model.

Staphylococcusaureus is a severe pathogen found in the community and in hospitals. Most notably, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) is resistant to almost all antibiotics, which is a growing public health concern.

'Obligate' anaerobic strain YB1 suppresses liver tumor growth and metastasis in nude mice.

The antitumor properties of bacteria have been demonstrated over the past decades. However, the efficacy is limited and unclear. Furthermore, systemic infection remains a serious concern in bacteria treatment.

Genetically modified "obligate" anaerobic Salmonella typhimurium as a therapeutic strategy for neuroblastoma.

Background: Neuroblastoma currently has poor prognosis, therefore we proposed a new strategy by targeting neuroblastoma with genetically engineered anaerobic Salmonella (Sal-YB1).

Methods: Nude and nonobese diabetic-severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD-SCID) orthotopic mouse models were used, and Sal-YB1 was administered via tail vein. The therapeutic effectiveness, bio-safety, and mechanisms were studied.