Laboratory experiments and modeling of the transport of Sr, Cs, U, Pu in fractures under high flow velocity.

The presence of fractures in the surrounding rocks of a radioactive waste disposal repository is recognized as a potential pathway for radionuclides to enter the public domain. As is well known, radionuclides transported by groundwater exhibit increased mobility in fractures, with flow velocities significantly faster than those in the pore spaces of the surrounding rock matrix. The principal objective of this study is to investigate the mobility of Sr, Cs, U, and Pu in fractures and their fate in the groundwater environment.

Transformation and environmental risk of Sr and Cs under extreme rainstorm at a proposed nuclear facility site in China.

This paper explores the environmental hazards associated with nuclear facilities in arid regions, focusing on the rapid migration of radionuclides facilitated by flood runoff resulting from extreme rainstorms. Through a case study of a proposed nuclear facility site in China, the study developed a comprehensive model to calculate the transformation of Sr and Cs in flood and subsurface water during accidents. The methodology employs a combination of field tests, radionuclide adsorption tests, the SWAT model, and the HGS model to create a fully integrated model.

Influence of dissolved organic matter on the anaerobic biotransformation of roxarsone accompanying microbial community response.

Roxarsone (ROX), commonly employed as a livestock feed additive, largely remains unmetabolized and is subsequently excreted via feces. ROX could cause serious environmental risks due to its rapid transformation and high mobility in the anaerobic subsurface environment. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) is an important constituent of fecal organics in livestock waste and could affect the ROX biotransformation.

Co-transport behavior of Am(III) and natural colloids in the vadose zone sediments.

Americium (III) (Am(III)) in the natural environment is considered immobile due to its low solubility, strong adsorption, and high affinity to solid surfaces. However, the presence of natural colloids may carry Am(III) transport for long distance. The individual and co-transport behaviors of Am(III) and natural colloids through the unsaturated packed columns were investigated under the influence of pH, electrolyte concentration, velocity, Am(III) concentration and natural colloids concentration.

Adsorption-desorption of Am(Ⅲ) on montmorillonite colloids and quartz sand: Effects of pH, ionic strength, colloid concentration and grain size.

Clay colloids in the subsurface environment have a strong adsorption capacity for radionuclides, and the mobile colloids will carry the nuclides for migration, which would promote the movability of radionuclides in the groundwater environment and pose a threat to the ecosphere. The investigations of the adsorption/desorption behaviors of radionuclides in colloids and porous media are significant for the evaluation of the geological disposal of radioactive wastes. To illustrate the adsorption/desorption behaviors of Am(Ⅲ) in Na-montmorillonite colloid and/or quartz sand systems at different pH (5, 7 and 9), ionic strengths (0, 0.

Inhibition of α-glucosidase activity by curcumin loaded on ZnO@rGO nanocarrier for potential treatment of diabetes mellitus.

Curcumin (Cur) is an acidic polyphenol with some effects on α-glucosidase (α-Glu), but Cur has disadvantages such as being a weak target, lacking passing the blood-brain barrier and having low bioavailability. To enhance the curative effect of Cur, the hybrid composed of ZnO nanoparticles decorated on rGO was used to load Cur (ZnO@rGO-Cur). The use of the multispectral method and enzyme inhibition kinetics analysis certify the inhibitory effect and interaction mechanism of ZnO@rGO-Cur with α-Glu.

Multiple synergies on cobalt-based spinel oxide nanowires for electrocatalytic oxygen evolution.

Cobalt-based spinel oxides have excellent oxygen evolution reaction (OER) activities and are cheap to produce; however, they have limited commercial applications due to their poor electrical conductivities and weak stabilities. Herein, we soaked CoNiO nanowires in NaBH solutions, which endowed CoNiO with significant oxygen vacancy content and decorated BO motifs outside the CoNiO nanowires. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and in situ Raman data suggest that these evolutions improved the conductivity, hydrophilicity, and increased active sites of the spinel oxides, which synergistically boosted their overall OER performances.

Source apportionment and migration characteristics of heavy metal(loid)s in soil and groundwater of contaminated site.

The rapid industrial growth has generated heavy metal(loid)s contamination in the soil, which poses a serious threat to the ecology and human health. In this study, 580 samples were collected in Henan Province, China, for source apportionment, migration characterization and health risk evaluation using self-organizing map, positive matrix factorization and multivariate risk assessment methods. The results showed that samples were classified into four groups and pollution sources included chromium slag dump, soil parent rock and abandoned factory.

Cytotoxic phenyl polyketides from N. Robson.

(±)-Hypecurvone A ( and B (, two new undescribed phenyl polyketides, along with seven known analogues (-) were isolated from the whole plant of . Chiral separation of and yielded two pairs of enantiomers / and /, respectively. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analyses and ECD spectra simulations.

Human serum lipidomics analysis revealed glyphosate may lead to lipid metabolism disorders and health risks.

Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBH) are one of the most widely used pesticides worldwide. Industrial workers in glyphosate-based herbicides manufacture are the populations who experience long-term exposure to high glyphosate levels. The impacts of glyphosate on human health are the important public health problem of great concern.

Effects of dissolved organic matter derived from chicken manure on the biotransformation of roxarsone in soil.

Roxarsone (3-nitro-4-hydroxyphenylarsonic acid, ROX), widely used as a livestock feed additive, is excreted untransformed in large concentrations. Accumulation of this manure in the open environment increases dissolved organic matter (DOM) and ROX in soil within the aeration zone. And microbial action plays a dominant role in the transformation of ROX.

Solution to the particle concentration effect on determining K value of radionuclides.

The particle concentration effect on K values of radionuclides has been observed but the underlying mechanism remains controversial. The hope is to use the relationship between particle concentration, adsorption-desorption isotherms and reversibility, in combination with surface component activity of model (SCA model), to solve this issue. Cs, Co, Sr were used as tracers, batch experiments were conducted in freshwater-sediment and seawater-sediment.

Discovery of potential active ingredients of Er-Zhi-Wan, a famous traditional Chinese formulation, in model rat serum for treating osteoporosis with kidney-yin deficiency by UPLC-Q/TOF-MS and molecular docking.

Er-Zhi-Wan (EZW), a classical traditional Chinese formulation, has attracted more and more attention. This study was carried out to analyze the constituents of EZW absorbed into blood and find out the potential active ingredients for treating osteoporosis (OP) with kidney-yin deficiency (KYD). The rat model of OP with KYD was achieved by ovariectomies and using the mixture of thyroxine and reserpine.

The study of human serum metabolome on the health effects of glyphosate and early warning of potential damage.

Glyphosate is one of the most widely used herbicide with high efficiency, low toxicity and broad-spectrum. In recent decades, increasing evidence suggests that glyphosate may cause adverse health effects on human beings. However, until now, there is little data on the human metabolic changes.

Salidroside protects against osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats by inhibiting oxidative stress and promoting osteogenesis via Nrf2 activation.

Background: Osteoporosis (OP) is characterized as low bone mass, bone microarchitecture breakdown and bone fragility. The increase of oxidative stress could lead to breakdown in the balance of bone formation and resorption which gives rise to OP. Nrf2 is a transcription factor which takes part in oxidative stress and recently was reported that it can regulate the occurrence of OP.

Functionalization of FeO/rGO magnetic nanoparticles with resveratrol and in vitro DNA interaction.

Based on the previous research, we found that the magnetic nanocomposite FeO/rGO (reduced graphene oxide) has a good drug loading effect. Therefore, in this paper, we studied the positive role of FeO/rGO as a drug carrier in the interaction between resveratrol (RES) and calf-thymus DNA (ct-DNA). The fluorescence experiment is used to evaluate by the Stern-Volmer equation, the quenching constant of RES - ct-DNA system with and without FeO/rGO decreases with the increasing temperature.

Magnetic reduced graphene oxide as a nano-vehicle for loading and delivery of curcumin.

Magnetic nanoparticles have been widely used in the field of nanomedicine as drug delivery vehicles for targeted imaging-guided and controlled drug uptake and release actions. In this work, the loading of curcumin on FeO/rGO nanocomposites and their interaction mechanism were investigated by multispectral methods including resonance light scattering (RLS), atomic force microscopy (AFM), circular dichroism (CD) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). Results revealed that the drug loading was a complex process which is not governed by a simple adsorption.

Interaction between aspirin and vitamin C with human serum albumin as binary and ternary systems.

Foods generally contain special ingredients which easily to interact with drugs human intaking, thus affecting drug efficacy and excretion, and even cause adverse reactions. Vitamin C (Vit. C) is abundant in fresh fruits and vegetables.

Search for clinical predictors of good glycemic control in patients starting or intensifying oral hypoglycemic pharmacological therapy: A multicenter prospective cohort study.

Aims: Our aim was to search for clinical predictors of good glycemic control in patients starting or intensifying oral hypoglycemic pharmacological therapy.

Methods: A multicenter, prospective cohort of 499 diabetic subjects was enrolled in this study: patients with newly diagnosed diabetes (NDM group) or poor glycemic control with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) (PDM group). All subjects then started or intensified OADs therapy and followed up for 91 days.

Carvedilol (CAR) combined with carnosic acid (CAA) attenuates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by suppressing excessive oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy.

Doxorubicin (DOX) is a wide spectrum antitumor drug. However, its clinical application is limited due to the cardiotoxicity. Carvedilol (CAR) is a β-blocker used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure.

Effects of chlorpromazine on sleep quality, clinical and emotional measures among patients with schizophrenia.

Objectives: The present study was aimed to examine the effects of chlorpromazine on sleep quality, clinical and emotional measures in people suffering from schizophrenia.

Patients And Methods: Twenty-five patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder were enrolled in this study. Our study included a one-week running-in no-treatment period and two-month experimental period.

Natural and anthropogenic factors affecting the shallow groundwater quality in a typical irrigation area with reclaimed water, North China Plain.

In this study, the hydrochemical characteristics of shallow groundwater were analyzed to get insight into the factors affecting groundwater quality in a typical agricultural dominated area of the North China Plain. Forty-four shallow groundwater samples were collected for chemical analysis. The water type changes from Ca·Na-HCO type in grass land to Ca·Na-Cl (+NO) type and Na (Ca)-Cl (+NO+SO) type in construction and facility agricultural land, indicating the influence of human activities.

Geostatistical interpolation model selection based on ArcGIS and spatio-temporal variability analysis of groundwater level in piedmont plains, northwest China.

Based on the geo-statistical theory and ArcGIS geo-statistical module, datas of 30 groundwater level observation wells were used to estimate the decline of groundwater level in Beijing piedmont. Seven different interpolation methods (inverse distance weighted interpolation, global polynomial interpolation, local polynomial interpolation, tension spline interpolation, ordinary Kriging interpolation, simple Kriging interpolation and universal Kriging interpolation) were used for interpolating groundwater level between 2001 and 2013. Cross-validation, absolute error and coefficient of determination (R(2)) was applied to evaluate the accuracy of different methods.

Competitive interactions between glucose and lactose with BSA: which sugar is better for children?

The interactions of the sugars glucose and lactose with the transport protein bovine serum albumin (BSA) were investigated using fluorescence, FT-IR and circular dichroism (CD) techniques. The results indicated that glucose could be bonded and transported by BSA, mainly involving hydrogen bonds and van der Waals interactions (ΔH = -86.13 kJ mol(-1)).