Diels-Alder reaction in hydrogel synthesis: Mechanisms and functional aspects.

The Diels-Alder reaction, a classical (4+2) cycloaddition process, holds significant standing within the realms of organic synthesis and polymer chemistry, frequently employed in areas such as pharmaceutical production and material science. Recently, hydrogels constructed via Diels-Alder reactions have garnered considerable attention from researchers. This review aims to summarize the advancements in utilizing the Diels-Alder reaction for hydrogel synthesis, exploring its impact on structural design, functionalization, and application domains.

CXCR4 blockade sensitizes osteosarcoma to doxorubicin by inducing autophagic cell death via PI3K‑Akt‑mTOR pathway inhibition.

Doxorubicin is one of the most frequently used chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of osteosarcoma (OS), but the emergence of chemoresistance often leads to treatment failure. C‑X‑C motif chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) has been demonstrated to regulate OS progression and metastasis. However, whether CXCR4 is also involved in OS chemoresistance and its molecular mechanisms has yet to be fully elucidated.

Effects of hypoxia environment on osteonecrosis of the femoral head in Sprague-Dawley rats.

Introduction: Osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) is a disease in which the blood supply of the femoral head is interrupted or damaged, resulting in joint dysfunction. Hypoxic environments increase the expression of EPO, VEGF, and HIF causes vascular proliferation and increases the blood supply. It also causes the organism to be in a state of hypercoagulability and increases thrombosis.

Protosappanin a inhibits osteoclastogenesis via reducing oxidative stress in RAW264.7 cells.

Protosappanin A (PrA), obtained from the traditional Chinese herbal medicine, (), possesses a lot of pharmaceutical activities. Typically, it is a potent antioxidant. This study makes an effort to test its protective effects against osteoporosis by partially reducing oxidative stress in RAW264.

[Surgical treatment strategy for flatfoot related with accessory navicular].

Accessory navicular source flatfoot is one of the foot deformity of clinical common disease,its treatment method is more controversial, differences in clinical efficacy of different surgical methods, according to accessory navicular source flatfoot symptoms of surgical treatment,there is no uniform standard, around a pair of accessory navicular excision how to reconstruct the arch produced a series of operation methods, the clinical curative effect of different operative methods produce also different, how to develop the operation strategy, choose operation method, and after acessory navicular excision whether to rebuild posterior tibial tendon, how to rebuild, the problems such as how to rebuild is the research hotspot and difficulty, looking forward to further research.

[Application of the tension skin flap with different shapes in the pedicle of the reverse neurocutaneous island flap].

Objective: To investigate the effects of the tension skin flap with different shapes on the transplantation of the reverse neurocutaneous island flap.

Methods: From January 2006 to January 2012,there were 21 patients in the study (including 15 males and 6 females), and aged from 14 to 58 years old (35 years old on average). Tension skin flaps with different shapes (triangle ,round and ellipse) were used to improve the blood supply of the reverse neurocutaneous island flap.

[Clinical effect analysis of total knee replacement for treating gonarthrosis with severe deformities].

Objective: To investigate the prosthesis selection, precaution and curative effect of total knee replacement in severe gonarthrosis.

Methods: From January 1996 to July 2009, 50 patients (58 knees) with severe gonarthrosis underwent total knee replacement, included 12 males and 38 females, aged from 46 to 80 years with an average age of 66.5 years old.