Histone deacetylase inhibitors promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition in Hepatocellular Carcinoma AMPK-FOXO1-ULK1 signaling axis-mediated autophagy.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most frequent cause of cancer-related deaths globally because of high metastasis and recurrence rates. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of HCC recurrence and metastasis and developing effective targeted therapies are expected to improve patient survival. The promising anti-cancer agents for the treatment of hematological malignancies, histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs), have limited effects against epithelial cell-derived cancers, including HCC, the mechanisms involved have not been elucidated.

Histone deacetylase inhibitors upregulate Snail via Smad2/3 phosphorylation and stabilization of Snail to promote metastasis of hepatoma cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains the third most common cause of cancer-related mortality. Resection and transplantation are the only curative treatments available, but are greatly hampered by high recurrence rates. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) are considered to be promising anticancer agents in drug development.

Curcumin downregulates the expression of Snail via suppressing Smad2 pathway to inhibit TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in hepatoma cells.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains the third cause of cancer-related mortality. Resection and transplantation are the only curative treatments available but are greatly hampered by high recurrence rates and development of metastasis, the initiation of cancer metastasis requires migration and invasion of cells, which is enabled by epithelial-mesenchymal transitions (EMT). TGF-β1 is a secreted protein that performs many cellular functions, including the control of cell growth, cell proliferation, cell differentiation and apoptosis.

Bortezomib Relieves Immune Tolerance in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma via STAT1 Suppression and Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Downregulation.

Radiotherapy is the primary treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Patients with intermediate and advanced stage NPC receiving only radiotherapy have limited survival, so newer immunotherapeutic approaches are sought. The major impediment to better clinical outcomes is tumor immune tolerance.

The application of the fibroblast activation protein α-targeted immunotherapy strategy.

Cancer immunotherapy has primarily been focused on attacking tumor cells. However, given the close interaction between tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), CAF-targeted strategies could also contribute to an integrated cancer immunotherapy. Fibroblast activation protein α (FAP α) is not detectible in normal tissues, but is overexpressed by CAFs and is the predominant component of the stroma in most types of cancer.

Curcumin combined with FAPαc vaccine elicits effective antitumor response by targeting indolamine-2,3-dioxygenase and inhibiting EMT induced by TNF-α in melanoma.

Fibroblast activation protein α (FAPα) is a potential target for cancer therapy. However, elimination of FAPα+ fibroblasts activates secretion of IFN-γ and TNF-α. IFN-γ can in turn induce expression indolamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), thereby contributing to immunosuppression, while TNF-α can induce EMT.

[Induction of proinflammatory cytokines and cell apoptosis by Chlamydia pneumoniae Cpn0810].

Aim: To expresse the Chlamydia pneumoniae Cpn0810 in E.coli BL21, and to study weather could it inducing proinflamatory cytokines including TNF-α and IL-6 in human monocytic (THP-1) and cell apoptosis.

Methods: Polymerase chain reaction(PCR) was used to amplify the Cpn0810 gene, PCR products were purified and cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pGEX6p-2.

Production of proinflammatory cytokines in the human THP-1 monocyte cell line following induction by Tp0751, a recombinant protein of Treponema pallidum.

The tissue destruction characteristic of syphilis infection may be caused by inflammation due to Treponema pallidum and the ensuing immune responses to the pathogen. T. pallidum membrane proteins are thought to be potent inducers of inflammation during the early stages of infection.

[Diagnostic and therapeutic status of benign prostatic hyperplasia outpatients at department of geriatrics in China].

Objective: To assess the diagnostic and therapeutic modality preferences of physician implementation of the Chinese Clinical Practice Guidelines for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) for geriatric BPH patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey was conducted at 33 medical centers located in 11 different cities in China (4 in north; 7 in south). A total of 190 physicians were requested to record their preferences in diagnostic tests and treatment options for elderly BPH cases.

An increase in intracelluar free calcium ions modulated by cholinergic receptors in rat facial nucleus.

Background: Ca(2+) in the central nervous system plays important roles in brain physiology, including neuronal survival and regeneration in rats with injured facial motoneurons. The present research was to study the modulations of intracellular free Ca(2+) concentrations by cholinergic receptors in rat facial nucleus, and the mechanisms of the modulations.

Methods: The fluorescence intensity of facial nucleus in Fluo-3 AM loaded acute brainstem slices was detected by applying intracellular free Ca(2+) measurement technique via confocal laser scanning microscope.

[Relationship between levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, interleukin-6 and airway hyperresponsiveness in patients with allergic rhinitis].

Objective: To investigate the relation between levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1, interleukin-6 and airway hyperresponsiveness in patients with allergic rhinitis.

Methods: Fifty-four patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and 20 controls were included in the study. The levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in nasal lavage fluid, gathered 1 hour after specific allergen nasal provocation test (SANPT), were detected by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique.