The Impact of Cardiovascular Disease Gene Polymorphism and Interaction with Homocysteine on Deep Vein Thrombosis.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) affects vascular health and can even threaten life; however, its pathogenesis remains unclear. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and DVT share common risk factors, such as dyslipidemia, aging, etc. We aimed to investigate the loci of published CVD susceptibility genes and their association with environmental factors that might be related to DVT.

Novel Strategy for Human Deep Vein Thrombosis Diagnosis Based on Metabolomics and Stacking Machine Learning.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a serious health issue that often leads to considerable morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis of DVT in a clinical setting, however, presents considerable challenges. The fusion of metabolomics techniques and machine learning methods has led to high diagnostic and prognostic accuracy for various pathological conditions.

Pathological Characteristics and Classification of Unstable Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaques.

Important forensic diagnostic indicators of sudden death in coronary atherosclerotic heart disease, such as acute or chronic myocardial ischemic changes, sometimes make it difficult to locate the ischemic site due to the short death process, the lack of tissue reaction time. In some cases, the deceased died of sudden death on the first-episode, resulting in difficulty for medical examiners to make an accurate diagnosis. However, clinical studies on coronary instability plaque revealed the key role of coronary spasm and thrombosis caused by their lesions in sudden coronary death process.

Multi-omics integration strategy in the post-mortem interval of forensic science.

Estimates of post-mortem interval (PMI), which often serve as pivotal evidence in forensic contexts, are fundamentally based on assessments of variability among diverse molecular markers (including proteins and metabolites), their correlations, and their temporal changes in post-mortem organisms. Nevertheless, the present approach to estimating the PMI is not comprehensive and exhibits poor performance. We developed an innovative approach that integrates multi-omics and artificial intelligence, using multimolecular, multimarker, and multidimensional information to accurately describe the intricate biological processes that occur after death, ultimately enabling inference of the PMI.

Novel ratio-expressions of genes enables estimation of wound age in contused skeletal muscle.

Given that combination with multiple biomarkers may well raise the predictive value of wound age, it appears critically essential to identify new features under the limited cost. For this purpose, the present study explored whether the gene expression ratios provide unique time information as an additional indicator for wound age estimation not requiring the detection of new biomarkers and allowing full use of the available data. The expression levels of four wound-healing genes (Arid5a, Ier3, Stom, and Lcp1) were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction, and a total of six expression ratios were calculated among these four genes.

Exploring postmortem succession of rat intestinal microbiome for PMI based on machine learning algorithms and potential use for humans.

The microbial communities may undergo a meaningful successional change during the progress of decay and decomposition that could aid in determining the post-mortem interval (PMI). However, there are still challenges to applying microbiome-based evidence in law enforcement practice. In this study, we attempted to investigate the principles governing microbial community succession during decomposition of rat and human corpse, and explore their potential use for PMI of human cadavers.

Postmortem Interval Estimation Using Protein Chip Technology Combined with Multivariate Analysis Methods.

Objectives: To estimate postmortem interval (PMI) by analyzing the protein changes in skeletal muscle tissues with the protein chip technology combined with multivariate analysis methods.

Methods: Rats were sacrificed for cervical dislocation and placed at 16 ℃. Water-soluble proteins in skeletal muscles were extracted at 10 time points (0 d, 1 d, 2 d, 3 d, 4 d, 5 d, 6 d, 7 d, 8 d and 9 d) after death.

Forensic identification of sudden cardiac death: a new approach combining metabolomics and machine learning.

The determination of sudden cardiac death (SCD) is one of the difficult tasks in the forensic practice, especially in the absence of specific morphological changes in the autopsies and histological investigations. In this study, we combined the metabolic characteristics from corpse specimens of cardiac blood and cardiac muscle to predict SCD. Firstly, ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-HRMS)-based untargeted metabolomics was applied to obtain the metabolomic profiles of the specimens, and 18 and 16 differential metabolites were identified in the cardiac blood and cardiac muscle from the corpses of those who died of SCD, respectively.

Combining with lab-on-chip technology and multi-organ fusion strategy to estimate post-mortem interval of rat.

Background: The estimation of post-mortem interval (PMI) is one of the most important problems in forensic pathology all the time. Although many classical methods can be used to estimate time since death, accurate and rapid estimation of PMI is still a difficult task in forensic practice, so the estimation of PMI requires a faster, more accurate, and more convenient method.

Materials And Methods: In this study, an experimental method, lab-on-chip, is used to analyze the characterizations of polypeptide fragments of the lung, liver, kidney, and skeletal muscle of rats at defined time points after death (0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27, and 30 days).

A novel method for determining postmortem interval based on the metabolomics of multiple organs combined with ensemble learning techniques.

Determining postmortem interval (PMI) is one of the most challenging and essential endeavors in forensic science. Developments in PMI estimation can take advantage of machine learning techniques. Currently, applying an algorithm to obtain information on multiple organs and conducting joint analysis to accurately estimate PMI are still in the early stages.

Estimating Postmortem Interval Using Intestinal Microbiota Diversity Based on 16S rRNA High-throughput Sequencing Technology.

Objectives: To explore the correlation between intestinal microbiota and postmortem interval(PMI) in rats by using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology.

Methods: Rats were killed by anesthesia and placed at 16 ℃, and DNA was extracted in caecum at 14 time points of 0, 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24, 27 and 30 d after death. The 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology was used to detect intestinal microbiota in rat cecal contents, and the results were used to analyze the rat intestinal microbiota diversity and differences.

Identifying biomarkers for evaluating wound extent and age in the contused muscle of rats using microarray analysis: a pilot study.

Wound age estimation is still one of the most important and significant challenges in forensic practice. The extent of wound damage greatly affects the accuracy and reliability of wound age estimation, so it is important to find effective biomarkers to help diagnose wound degree and wound age. In the present study, the gene expression profiles of both mild and severe injuries in 33 rats were assayed at 0, 1, 3, 24, 48, and 168 hours using the Affymetrix microarray system to provide biomarkers for the evaluation of wound age and the extent of the wound.

Estimating the time of skeletal muscle contusion based on the spatial distribution of neutrophils: a practical approach to forensic problems.

The study aimed to explore the neutrophil's spatial distributions used to estimate the histological age of contused skeletal muscle, and assessed the accuracy of various indicators, such as the proportion of neutrophils, "neutrophil mean distance," and distribution of neutrophils in areas of "contiguous contour lines." Fifty-five Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into a control group and contusion groups at 1, 1.5, 2, 3, 4, and 6 h, as well as 1, 3, 5, and 15 days, post-injury (n = 5 per group).

Insight into molecular profile changes after skeletal muscle contusion using microarray and bioinformatics analyses.

Muscle trauma frequently occurs in daily life. However, the molecular mechanisms of muscle healing, which partly depend on the extent of the damage, are not well understood. The present study aimed to investigate gene expression profiles following mild and severe muscle contusion, and to provide more information about the molecular mechanisms underlying the repair process.

Novel insights into wound age estimation: combined with "up, no change, or down" system and cosine similarity in python environment.

Wound age estimation is a complex, multifactorial issue. It is considered to have great practical significance that combining multi-biomarkers and multi-methods for injury time estimation. We optimized our earlier "up, no change, or down" model by adding data on the expression levels of mRNAs encoding ABHD2, MAD2L2, and ARID5A, and we converted the relative quantitative expression levels of seven genes into a vector rather than a color model.

Temporal expression of wound healing-related genes inform wound age estimation in rats after a skeletal muscle contusion: a multivariate statistical model analysis.

Although many time-dependent parameters involved in wound healing have been exhaustively investigated, establishing an objective and reliable means for estimating wound age remains a challenge. In this study, 78 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into a control group and contusion groups at 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, and 48 h post-injury (n = 6 per group). The expression of 35 wound healing-related genes was explored in contused skeletal muscle by real-time polymerase chain reaction.

Integrating microRNA and messenger RNA expression profiles in a rat model of deep vein thrombosis.

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a disease involving multiple genes and systems. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a class of non-coding small RNAs that post-transcriptionally suppress their target genes. The expression patterns of miRNA and messenger RNA (mRNA) in DVT remain poorly characterized.

An "up, no change, or down" system: Time-dependent expression of mRNAs in contused skeletal muscle of rats used for wound age estimation.

The combined use of multiple markers is considered a promising strategy in estimating the age of wounds. We sought to develop an "up, no change, or down" system and to explore how to combine and use various parameters. In total, 78 Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into a control group and contusion groups of 4-, 8-, 12-, 16-, 20-, 24-, 28-, 32-, 36-, 40-, 44-, and 48-h post-injury (n=6 per group).

Comparison of the homogeneity of mRNAs encoding SFRP5, FZD4, and Fosl1 in post-injury intervals: Subcellular localization of markers may influence wound age estimation.

The inter-group heterogeneity and intra-group homogeneity of relative expression are very necessary when the mRNA were used to determine wound age accurately in forensic medicine. The aim of this study was to assess the intra-group homogeneity of SFRP5, FZD4 and Fosl1 mRNAs in post-injury intervals. The corresponding proteins show different subcellular locations.

[Expression of SFRP5 mRNA in Rat Skeletal Muscle after Contusion].

Objective: To investigate the relationship between the expression of secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) mRNA and the time interval after skeletal muscle injury in rats by real-time PCR.

Methods: A total of ninety SD rats were randomly divided into the contusion groups at different times including 4h, 8h, 12h, 16h, 20h, 24h, 28h, 32h, 36h, 40h, 44h, 48h after contusion, incision groups at different times including 4h and 8h after incision and the control group. The samples were taken from the contused zone at different time points.

[Relation between Injury Time and the Expression of COX6C mRNA in Skeletal Muscle of Rats after Contusion].

Objective: To investigate the relation between injury time and the expression of cytochrome c oxidase subunit VIc (COX6C) mRNA in skeletal muscle of rat after contusion.

Methods: A total of fifty-four SD rats were divided into the control group and the contusion groups (0.5, 1, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 h after contusion), randomly.

Relative Expression of Indicators for Wound Age Estimation in Forensic Pathology.

Objective: In order to understand which kind of function genes play an important role for estimating wound age, the variation of difference genes' mRNA expression were compared after injury.

Methods: The mRNA expression levels of seven candidate genes (ICAM-1, NF-κB, MX2, MT1, MT2, sTnI, and Cox6c) were analyzed in contused rat skeletal muscle at different time points using real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). The raw Ct values were normalized relative to that of RPL32 mRNA, and converted to standard Ct values.

[Protective effects of intermedin preconditioning on hypoxic injury in rat's cardiac myocytes].

Objective: To observe the effects of intermedin preconditioning on hypoxic injury in rat's cardiac myocytes and to provide the hypothetical mechanism of sudden cardiac death in the field of forensic pathology.

Methods: The H9c2 cultured rat cardiac myocytes were randomly divided into control group, hypoxia group and IMD group. The myocardial cell viability, cellular ultrastructure, intracellular calcium concentration and apoptosis rate were determined by MTT assay, transmission electron microscopy, laser scanning confocal microscope and flow cytometry, respectively.

Time-dependent expression of SNAT2 mRNA in the contused skeletal muscle of rats: a possible marker for wound age estimation.

To estimate the age of skeletal muscle contusion, the expression of SNAT2 mRNA in contused skeletal muscle of rats was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In total, 78 Sprague-Dawley male rats were divided into control and contusion groups. At 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, 40, 44, and 48 h (n = 6) after contusion, the rats were sacrificed with a lethal dose of pentobarbital.