Extract from Dioscorea bulbifera L. rhizomes aggravate pirarubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by inhibiting the expression of P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 in the mouse liver.

Chinese herbal medicine is widely used because it has a good safety profile and few side effects. However, the risk of adverse drug reactions caused by herb-drug interactions (HDIs) is often overlooked. Therefore, the task of identifying possible HDIs and elucidating their mechanisms is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of HDI-related adverse reactions.

SPOCK1 Involvement in Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition: A New Target in Cancer Therapy?

Background: Cancer metastasis is the main obstacle to increasing the lifespan of cancer patients. Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a significant role in oncogenic processes, including tumor invasion, intravasation, and micrometastasis formation, and is especially critical for cancer invasion and metastasis. The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a crucial role in the occurrence of EMT corresponding to the change in adhesion between cells and matrices.

Modulation of Multiple Signaling Pathways of the Plant-Derived Natural Products in Cancer.

Natural compounds are highly effective anticancer chemotherapeutic agents, and the targets of plant-derived anticancer agents have been widely reported. In this review, we focus on the main signaling pathways of apoptosis, proliferation, invasion, and metastasis that are regulated by polyphenols, alkaloids, saponins, and polysaccharides. Alkaloids primarily affect apoptosis-related pathways, while polysaccharides primarily target pathways related to proliferation, invasion, and metastasis.

Flavonoid Glycosides and Their Derivatives from the Herbs of Scorzonera austriaca Wild.

Five flavonoid glycosides and two derivatives were isolated from the herbs of Scorzonera austriaca Wild by silica gel column chromatography and preparative HPLC. Their structures were identified, using chemical and spectroscopic methods, as 5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone 6-C-(2''-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl β-d-glucopyranoside) (1), 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone 6-C-(2''-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl β-d-glucopyranoside) (2), quercetin 3-O-rutinoside (3), 5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone 6-C-β-d-glucopyranoside (4), 3'-methoxy-5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone 6-C-β-d-glucopyranoside (5), 5,7,4'-trihydroxyflavone 8-C-(6''-O-trans-caffeoyl β-d-glucopyranoside) (6), and 5,7,3',4'-tetrahydroxyflavone 8-C-(6''-O-trans-caffeoyl β-d-glucopyranoside) (7). Compounds 6 and 7 are new flavonoid glycoside derivatives, and compounds 1-5 were isolated from the herbs of Scorzonera austriaca for the first time.

Preparative Separation and Purification of the Total Flavonoids in Scorzonera austriaca with Macroporous Resins.

The use of macroporous resins for the separation and purification of total flavonoids to obtain high-purity total flavonoids from Scorzonera austriaca was studied. The optimal conditions for separation and purification of total flavonoids in S. austriaca with macroporous resins were as follows: D4020 resin columns were loaded with crude flavonoid extract solution, and after reaching adsorptive saturation, the columns were eluted successively with 5 bed volumes (BV) of water, 5 BV of 5% (v/v) aqueous ethanol and 5 BV of 30% (v/v) aqueous ethanol at an elute flow rate of 2 BV·h(-1).