Comparative study between swept-source and spectral-domain OCTA for imaging of choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration.

Aim: To compare the differences of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) measurements between swept-source and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography angiography (SS-OCTA and SD-OCTA) in neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD) and the imaging reliability of the two devices.

Methods: Prospective comparative study. SS-OCTA and SD-OCTA were used to scan the same eye with the modes of 3×3 and 6×6 mm centered on the neovascularization.

Partial Alleviation of Homologous Superinfection Exclusion of SeMNPV Latently Infected Cells by G1 Phase Infection and G2/M Phase Arrest.

Viral infection can regulate the cell cycle, thereby promoting viral replication. Hijacking and altering the cell cycle are important for the virus to establish and maintain a latent infection. Previously, Spodoptera exigua multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SeMNPV)-latently infected P8-Se301-C1 cells, which grew more slowly than Se301 cells and interfered with homologous SeMNNPV superinfection, were established.

Cucurbitacin B suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression through inducing DNA damage-dependent cell cycle arrest.

Background: The mortality rate of liver cancer ranks third in the world, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor of the digestive tract. Cucurbitacin B (CuB), a natural compound extracted from Cucurbitaceae spp., is the main active component of Chinese patent medicine the Cucurbitacin Tablet, which has been widely used in the treatment of various malignant tumors in clinics, especially HCC.

Compound-composed Chinese medicine of Huachansu triggers apoptosis of gastric cancer cells through increase of reactive oxygen species levels and suppression of proteasome activities.

Background: Huachansu (HCS), a known Chinese patent drug extracted from the Chinese toad skin, is frequently used for the treatment of various advanced cancers, especially gastric cancer, due to the good therapeutic effect. However, it is rather difficult to clarify the active substances and molecular mechanisms involved owing to the lack of appropriate research strategies. We recently proposed the concept and research ideas of compound-composed Chinese medicine formula.

CXCL6: A potential therapeutic target for inflammation and cancer.

Chemokines were originally defined as cytokines that affect the movement of immune cells. In recent years, due to the increasing importance of immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME), the role of chemokines has changed from a single "chemotactic agent" to a key factor that can regulate TME and affect the tumor phenotype. CXCL6, also known as granulocyte chemoattractant protein-2 (GCP-2), can recruit neutrophils to complete non-specific immunity in the process of inflammation.

Immuno-genomic-radiomics to predict response of biliary tract cancer to camrelizumab plus GEMOX in a single-arm phase II trial.

Background & Aims: Immunotherapy is an option for the treatment of advanced biliary tract cancer (BTC), although it has a low response rate. In this post hoc analysis, we investigated the predictive value of an immuno-genomic-radiomics (IGR) analysis for patients with BTC treated with camrelizumab plus gemcitabine and oxaliplatin (GEMOX) therapy.

Methods: Thirty-two patients with BTC treated with camrelizumab plus GEMOX were prospectively enrolled.

Natural products targeting macrophages in tumor microenvironment are a source of potential antitumor agents.

Background: Macrophages are one of the major cell types in the immune system and are closely related to tumor development, which can be polarized into M1 type with anti-tumor activity or M2 type with pro-tumor activity. The infiltration of more macrophages into tumor predicts poorer prognosis due to their more exhibition of M2 phenotype under the influence of many factors in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Therefore, reverse of M2 macrophage polarization in TME is conducive to the suppression of tumor deterioration and understanding the influencing factors of macrophage polarization is helpful to provide new ideas for the subsequent targeting macrophages for tumor therapy.

Effectiveness of peripheral defocus spectacle lenses in myopia control: a Meta-analysis and systematic review.

Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness of peripheral defocus spectacle lenses (PDLs) in myopia control.

Methods: Literature retrieval on PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science databases, and the search time limit was from the establishment of each database to December 29, 2021 were conducted. Change of spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and axial change (AL) were extracted from the literatures that met the inclusion criteria, and RevMan5.

LiSNet: An artificial intelligence -based tool for liver imaging staging of hepatocellular carcinoma aggressiveness.

Background: Presurgical assessment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) aggressiveness can benefit patients' treatment options and prognosis.

Purpose: To develop an artificial intelligence (AI) tool, namely, LiSNet, in the task of scoring and interpreting HCC aggressiveness with computed tomography (CT) imaging.

Methods: A total of 358 patients with HCC undergoing curative liver resection were retrospectively included.

Comparison of intravitreal aflibercept and dexamethasone implant in the treatment of macular edema associated with diabetic retinopathy or retinal vein occlusion: a Meta-analysis and systematic review.

Aim: To compare the efficacy and safety of intravitreal aflibercept with dexamethasone implant in the treatment of macular edema (ME) associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) or retinal vein occlusion (RVO).

Methods: A comprehensive search of studies comparing dexamethasone and aflibercept in patients with ME was conducted at PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials from the beginning of library to April 16, 2021. Extracting the data including best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), central retinal thickness (CRT), number of injections and serious adverse events (SAEs) from the final qualified articles.

TED: Two-stage expert-guided interpretable diagnosis framework for microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Microvascular invasion (MVI) has been clinically recognized as a prognostic factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after surgical treatment. Detection of MVI before surgical operation greatly benefit patients' prognosis and survival. Most of the existing methods for automatic diagnosis of MVI directly use deep neural networks to make predictions, which do not take into account clinical knowledge and lack of interpretability.

Forsythiasides: A review of the pharmacological effects.

Forsythiasides are a kind of phenylethanol glycosides existing in (Thunb.) Vahl, which possesses extensive pharmacological activities. According to the different groups connected to the nucleus, forsythiasides can be divided into A-K.

Bie-Jia-Ruan-Mai-Tang, a Chinese Medicine Formula, Inhibits Retinal Neovascularization in Diabetic Mice Through Inducing the Apoptosis of Retinal Vascular Endothelial Cells.

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is one of the main complications of diabetes, mainly caused by the aberrant proliferation of retinal vascular endothelial cells and the formation of new blood vessels. Traditional Chinese medicines possess great potential in the prevention and treatment of PDR. Bie-Jia-Ruan-Mai-Tang (BJ), a Chinese medicine formula, has a good therapeutic effect on PDR clinically; however, the mechanism of action involved remains unclear.

Efficacy evaluation of intravitreal ranibizumab therapy for three types of retinopathy of prematurity.

Aim: To evaluate efficacy of intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) therapy for aggressive posterior retinopathy of prematurity (ROP), threshold ROP disease and type 1 pre-threshold ROP.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 40 patients (76 eyes) who had IVR as the primary treatment for ROP from April 2017 to January 2018. According to disease pathogenic features, the 76 eyes were divided into three groups: aggressive posterior ROP (AP-ROP) group (16 eyes), threshold ROP group (28 eyes) and type 1 pre-threshold ROP group (32 eyes).

Ginsenoside Rd: A promising natural neuroprotective agent.

Background: Neurological diseases seriously affect human health, which are arousing wider attention, and it is a great challenge to discover neuroprotective drugs with minimal side-effects and better efficacies. Natural agents derived from herbs or plants have become unparalleled resources for the discovery of novel drug candidates. Panax ginseng C.

Radiomics analysis of pretreatment MRI in predicting tumor response and outcome in hepatocellular carcinoma with transarterial chemoembolization: a two-center collaborative study.

Background And Objective: To develop a machine-learning model by integrating clinical and imaging modalities for predicting tumor response and survival of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with transarterial chemoembolization (TACE).

Methods: 140 HCC patients with TACE were retrospectively included from two centers. Tumor response were evaluated using modified Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (mRECIST) criteria.

Circular RNA-CDR1as is involved in lung injury induced by long-term formaldehyde inhalation.

Objective: Formaldehyde (FA) is known to induce lung injury, but the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely unclear. CDR1as is an important member of the circular RNAs (circRNAs) family and functions as miRNA sponges with gene-regulatory potential. Our earlier circRNA microarray data showed CDR1as was highly expressed in lung tissue exposed to FA.

Natural products are an important source for proteasome regulating agents.

Background: Natural medicines have a long history in the prevention and treatment of various diseases in East Asian region, especially in China. Modern research has proved that the pharmacological effects of numerous natural medicines involve the participation of ubiquitin proteasome system (UPS). UPS can degrade the unwanted and damaged proteins widely distributed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of various eukaryotes.

Guidelines on the treatment with integrated traditional Chinese medicine and western medicine for severe coronavirus disease 2019.

Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is characterized by numerous complications, complex disease, and high mortality, making its treatment a top priority in the treatment of COVID-19. Integrated traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and western medicine played an important role in the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of COVID-19 during the epidemic. However, currently there are no evidence-based guidelines for the integrated treatment of severe COVID-19 with TCM and western medicine.

LncRNAs in tumor microenvironment: The potential target for cancer treatment with natural compounds and chemical drugs.

It was thought that originally long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) were a kind of RNAs without any encoding function. Recently, a variety of studies have shown that lncRNAs play important roles in many life activities. The abnormal expression of lncRNAs in tumor microenvironment (TME) usually promotes the proliferation, migration, and drug resistance of tumor cells through direct or indirect effects, which also usually predicts the poor prognosis.

Hu-Zhang-Qing-Mai-Yin Inhibits Proliferation of Human Retinal Capillary Endothelial Cells Exposed to High Glucose.

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the serious complications of diabetes and an important cause of blindness. Despite much research on the pathogenesis of DR, there is still a lack of safe and effective treatment methods. Hu-zhang-qing-mai-yin (HZQMY), a Chinese medicine formula, has been clinically used in the safe and effective treatment of DR for many years.

Aidi injection induces apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells through the mitochondrial pathway.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The incidence and mortality rates of hepatocellular carcinoma are very high all over the world, which seriously threatens human life and health. Aidi injection as a Chinese medicine preparation has a positive curative effect on hepatocellular carcinoma, but its mechanism remains unclear.

Aim Of The Study: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the anti-hepatocellular carcinoma effects of Aidi injection and explore its mechanism of action vitro and vivo.

Efficacy of wet-lab training versus surgical-simulator training on performance of ophthalmology residents during chopping in cataract surgery.

Aim: To analyze whether wet-lab training (WLT) or surgical-simulator training (SST) is better for ophthalmology residents to master the chopping technique.

Methods: Sixty ophthalmology residents (in their second year) and three cataract surgeons participated in the study. The residents were randomly separated into two groups, WLT group and SST group.

Acetylcholinesterase inhibition ameliorates retinal neovascularization and glial activation in oxygen-induced retinopathy.

Aim: To investigate whether inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) by donepezil ameliorate aberrant retinal neovascularization (RNV) and abnormal glial activation in oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR).

Methods: A mouse model of RNV was induced in postnatal day 7 (P7) mice by exposure to 75% oxygen. Donepezil was administrated to P12 mice by intraperitoneal injection.