Tetracycline Three Times Daily Versus Four Times Daily in Bismuth-Containing Quadruple Therapy as the First-Line Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection: A Multicenter, Noninferiority, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Current guidelines recommend bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for patients newly diagnosed with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of tetracycline administered three times daily versus four times daily in bismuth-containing quadruple therapy for first-line treatment of H.

gen. nov., sp. nov. of fam. nov. and sp. nov. from forest soil and proposal of fam. nov.

Two Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterial strains, 7MK25 and 6Y81, were isolated from forest soil of Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve, Guangdong Province, PR China. Based on the results of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain 7MK25 showed the highest similarity (93.6 %) to AR4, followed by DSM 9653 (93.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from forest soil.

Two Gram-stain negative, aerobic and rod-shaped bacterial strains, DHOD12 and 7GSK02, were isolated from forest soil of Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve, Guangdong Province, PR China. Strain DHOD12 grew at 4-42 °C (optimum, 28-33 °C), pH 4.0-8.

Paraburkholderia flagellata sp. nov. and Paraburkholderia adhaesiva sp. nov., two novel species isolated from forest soil in Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve in Guangdong, China.

Two Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile and short rod strains, designated 4D117 and ZD32-2, were isolated from the forest soils. Strains 4D117 and ZD32-2 grew optimally at pH 4.0-6.

gen. nov., sp. nov. and gen. nov., sp. nov., two acidobacteria isolated from forest soil, and reclassification of and as gen. nov., comb. nov. and comb. nov.

Two aerobic and obligately acidophilic bacteria, designated 4G-K13 and 4Y35, were isolated from the forest soil sampled at Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve, Guangdong Province, PR China. These two strains were Gram-stain-negative, non-motile and short rods that multiplied by binary division. Strains 4G-K13 and 4Y35 had the highest 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 97.

sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from forest soil of Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve, China.

Cells of bacterial strains G9 and 7MK23, isolated from forest soil samples collected from the Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve, Guangdong Province, PR China, were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and rod-shaped. Strain G9 was motile with single polar flagellum and grew at 12-37 °C (optimum, 28 °C), pH 4.5-8.

sp. nov., sp. nov. and sp. nov., isolated from forest soil, and reclassification of as comb. nov.

Three Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, motile and rod-shaped bacterial strains, 7Q-K02, DHF22 and DHOM02, were isolated from forest soil sampled at Dinghushan Biosphere Reserve, Guangdong Province, China. Strains 7Q-K02, DHF22 and DHOM02 grew at 4-37, 4-42 and 12-37 °C, pH 3.0-8.

Protective Effects of Reduced Beta 2 Glycoprotein I on Liver Injury in Streptozotocin (STZ)-Diabetic Rats by Activation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase.

BACKGROUND Protective effects of reduced beta 2 glycoprotein I (Rb2GPI) against vascular injury of diabetes mellitus have been extensively investigated. However, the effects of Rb2GPI on liver injury in diabetic animals have not been reported. MATERIAL AND METHODS A diabetic rat model of was produced by systemic injection of streptozotocin (STZ).

Reduced beta 2 glycoprotein I prevents high glucose-induced cell death in HUVECs through miR-21/PTEN.

High serum beta 2 glycoprotein I (β2GPI) is associated with complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), and especially microvascular disorders. In contrast, reduced β2GPI (Rβ2GPI) can prevent diabetic vascular injury. This study aimed to investigate the protective function of Rβ2GPI in DM vascular disorders, and to assess the under lying mechanisms.

Effects of reduced β2 glycoprotein I on high glucose‑induced cell death in HUVECs.

Reduced β2 glycoprotein I (β2GPI) has been demonstrated to exhibit a beneficial effect in diabetic atherosclerosis and retinal neovascularization. However, the effect of reduced β2GPI on vascular disorders in diabetic mellitus (DM) remains to be elucidated. The present study established a high glucose‑induced injury model using human umbilical cords veins (HUVECs) and evaluated the protective effects of reduced β2GPI against the injury.

Association of Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Levels with Microvascular Complications in Type 2 Diabetes Patients.

BACKGROUND Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is typically featured by elevated serum concentration of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH). This study aimed to determine the relationship between TSH levels and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 860 type 2 diabetes patients were enrolled in this cross-sectional study.

Serum adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein levels are associated with peripheral arterial disease in women, but not men, with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) has been recognized as an important player in macrophage cholesterol trafficking and inflammation, and may promote the development of atherosclerosis. To further elucidate the role of A-FABP in atherosclerosis in diabetes, we investigated the relationship between serum A-FABP concentrations and peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: In all, 488 inpatients with T2DM were enrolled in the study (254 men, 234 women; mean (±SD) age 57.

Circulating MiRNA biomarkers serve as a fingerprint for diabetic atherosclerosis.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus induced atherosclerosis (DA) is regarded as a major cause of disability and death in diabetic patients. The early prediction of atherosclerosis in patients DM is necessary. Therefore, we aimed to identify special plasma microRNAs that can serve as a novel non-invasive screening signature of DA patients with atherosclerosis and test its specificity and sensitivity in the early diagnosis of DA.

[Study on Chemical Constituents of Oldenlandia diffusa].

Objective: To study the chemical constituents of Oldenlandia diffusa.

Methods: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by silica gel and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography as well as recrystallization method, and their structures were elucidated on the basis of physical and spectral analyses.

Results: Nine compounds were isolated and their structures were identified as quercetin (1), kaempferol (2), scopoletin (3), 2-hydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone (4), 2-hydroxy-l-methoxyanthraquinone (5), α-linolenic acid (6), vanillic acid (7), p-hydroxyphenylethanol (8) and, β-sitosterol (9).

[Changes of mechanical pain threshold in rats with experimental autoimmune prostatitis].

Objective: To observe the changes of the mechanical pain threshold in the rat model of autoimmune prostatitis, explore the mechanism of autoimmune prostatitis pain and offer some animal experimental evidence for the drug therapy of the condition.

Methods: Twenty male Wistar rats weighing 180 - 220 g were divided into a model and a control group. The autoimmune prostatitis model was established by subcutaneous injection of an extract of male rat prostate glands (RPG) at 60 mg/ml in Freund's complete adjuvant (FCA) and pertussis-diphtheria-tetanus vaccine at 0 and 30 days, respectively.

Efficacy and safety of vildagliptin, Saxagliptin or Sitagliptin as add-on therapy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with dual combination of traditional oral hypoglycemic agents.

Background: The oral DPP-4 inhibitors are new incretin-based therapies for treatment of type 2 diabetes. To assess the efficacy and safety of three DPP-4 inhibitors (Saxagliptin, Sitagliptin and Vildagliptin) as add-on therapy to dual combination of traditional oral hypoglycemic agents in Chinese type 2 diabetes patients.

Methods: In this 24-week, randomized, open-label, parallel clinical trial, we enrolled inadequately controlled (glycosylated haemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] ≥7.

Adding glimepiride to current insulin therapy increases high-molecular weight adiponectin levels to improve glycemic control in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes.

Background: To observe the efficacy and safety of adding glimepiride to established insulin therapy in poorly controlled type 2 diabetes (T2D) and to assess the relationship of changes in the serum high-molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin levels and glycemic control after glimepiride treatment.

Methods: Fifty-six subjects with poorly controlled insulin-treated T2D were randomly assigned to either the glimepiride-added group (the group A, n = 29) or the insulin-increasing group (the group B, n = 27) while continuing current insulin-based therapy. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) value, daily insulin dose, body weight, waist circumference, plasma lipid concentration, serum HMW adiponectin level and the number of hypoglycemic events were evaluated before and after treatment.

Changes in liraglutide-induced body composition are related to modifications in plasma cardiac natriuretic peptides levels in obese type 2 diabetic patients.

Background And Aims: Liraglutide treatment can improve glycemic control with a concomitant weight loss, but the underlying mechanism on weight loss is not completely understood. Cardiac natriuretic peptides (NPs) can resist body fat accumulation through increasing adipocytes lypolysis. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that liraglutide-induced weight loss was associated with increased plasma NPs concentrations.

Efficacy and safety comparison between liraglutide as add-on therapy to insulin and insulin dose-increase in Chinese subjects with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes and abdominal obesity.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of adding liraglutide to established insulin therapy in poorly controlled Chinese subjects with type 2 diabetes and abdominal obesity compared with increasing insulin dose.

Methods: A 12-week, randomized, parallel-group study was carried out. A total of 84 patients completed the trial who had been randomly assigned to either the liraglutide-added group or the insulin-increasing group while continuing current insulin based treatment.

Ethanol-induced yeast flocculation directed by the promoter of TPS1 encoding trehalose-6-phosphate synthase 1 for efficient ethanol production.

Yeast flocculation is an important trait in the brewing industry as well as in ethanol production, through which biomass can be recovered by cost-effective sedimentation. However, mass transfer limitation may affect yeast growth and ethanol fermentation if the flocculation occurs earlier before fermentation is completed. In this article, a novel type of cell-cell flocculation induced by trehalose-6-phosphate synthase 1 (TPS1) promoter was presented.

Attenuation of myocardial apoptosis by alpha-lipoic acid through suppression of mitochondrial oxidative stress to reduce diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Background: Cardiac failure is a leading cause of the mortality of diabetic patients. In part this is due to a specific cardiomyopathy, referred to as diabetic cardiomyopathy. Oxidative stress is widely considered to be one of the major factors underlying the pathogenesis of the disease.

Cloning and characterization of uracil-DNA glycosylase and the biological consequences of the loss of its function in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans.

Uracil arises in DNA from spontaneous deamination of cytosine and through incorporation of dUMP by DNA polymerase during DNA replication. Excision of uracil by the action of uracil-DNA glycosylase (Ung) initiates the base excision repair pathway to counter the promutagenic base modification. In this study, we cloned a cDNA-encoding Caenorhabditis elegans homologue (CeUng-1) of Escherichia coli Ung.

Recombinant Schizosaccharomyces pombe Nth1 protein exhibits DNA glycosylase activities for 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine and thymine residues oxidized in the methyl group.

Bacteria and eukaryotes possess redundant enzymes that recognize and remove oxidatively damaged bases from DNA through base excision repair. DNA glycosylases remove damaged bases to initiate the base excision repair. The exocyclic methyl group of thymine does not escape oxidative damage to produce 5-formyluracil (5-foU) and 5-hydroxymethyluracil (5-hmU).

[High D-glucose alters PI3K and Akt signaling and leads to endothelial cell migration, proliferation and angiogenesis dysfunction].

Objective: To investigate the effects of high D-glucose on migration, proliferation, and angiogenesis of endothelial cells and to make sure whether PI3K and Akt signaling pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic vascular complications.

Methods: Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured. D-glucose of the concentrations of 5 mmol/L, 15 mmol/L, and 30 mmol/L and mannitol of the concentrations of 5 mmol/L, 15 mmol/L, and 30 mmol/L were added in to the medium, the migration rate of the cells was measured by wound healing test and the cell proliferation was examined with CellTiter 96 AQ(ueous) One Solution cell proliferation assay.