Is ipsilateral systematic biopsy combined with targeted biopsy the optimal substitute for bilateral systematic biopsy combined with targeted biopsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The current standard prostate biopsy method, which combine systematic biopsy (SB) with targeted biopsy (TB), has shortcomings such as overdiagnosis and overtreatment. To evaluate the effectiveness of ipsilateral systematic biopsy (ips-SB) combined with targeted biopsy (ips-SB+TB) and contralateral SB (con-SB) combined with TB (con-SB+TB) as potential alternatives to SB+TB.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted in Cochrane, Embase, Ovid, and PubMed databases until September 2024.

Coordination of Carbon and Nitrogen Metabolism Through Well-Timed Mid-Stage Nitrogen Compensation in Japonica Super Rice.

The carbon and nitrogen (N) metabolism of rice under different mid-stage N compensation timings is unclear. Two Japonica super rice cultivars were examined under four N compensation timings (N1-N3: N compensation at mid-tillering, panicle initiation, and spikelet differentiation. N0: no N compensation) and CK with no N application.

Proteomics exploration of metformin hydrochloride for diabetic kidney disease treatment via the butanoate metabolism pathway.

Diabetic nephropathy (DKD) is a diabetesrelated kidney injury with an increasing incidence every year. Metformin hydrochloride (MET), a cornerstone treatment for glucose lowering, has been widely reported for the treatment of DKD, but the specific molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets still need to be further explored. We used kidney tissues from db/db mice as samples and used proteomics and bioinformatics to analyse the function, distribution and related pathways of differential proteins in DKD, focusing on the assessment of the binding energies of key proteins in the butyrate pathway and drugs at the molecular level, which showed that the expression profiles of differential proteins in kidney tissues were altered after MET treatment, involving energy metabolism.

Berberine Mediates Exosomes Regulating the Lipid Metabolism Pathways to Promote Apoptosis of RA-FLS Cells.

: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by joint damage and commonly linked to symptoms such as inflammation, swelling, and pain. Traditional Chinese Medicine offers complementary and integrative approaches in the management of rheumatoid arthritis, potentially providing additional options that may help address treatment challenges and enhance overall patient care. This paper explores the mechanism of action of berberine from the perspective of cellular exosomes by mediating exosomal contents and thus treating RA.

The ABC transporter SmABCG1 mediates tanshinones export from the peridermic cells of Salvia miltiorrhiza root.

Plants have mechanisms to transport secondary metabolites from where they are biosynthesized to the sites where they function, or to sites such as the vacuole for detoxification. However, current research has mainly focused on metabolite biosynthesis and regulation, and little is known about their transport. Tanshinone, a class diterpenoid with medicinal properties, is biosynthesized in the periderm of Salvia miltiorrhiza roots.

The quantum anomalous Hall effect and strong robustness in two-dimensional p-state Dirac half-metals YX (Y = Li, Na; X = Se, Te).

Based on first-principles calculations, we have predicted a novel group of 2D p-state Dirac half-metal (DHM) materials, YX (Y = Li, Na; X = Se, Te) monolayers. All the monolayers exhibit intrinsic ferromagnetism. Among them, LiTe and NaSe open topologically nontrivial band gaps of 4.

Dual effects of DLG5 (disks large homolog 5 gene) modulation on chemotherapy-induced thrombocytopenia and nausea/vomiting via the hippo signalling pathway.

Background And Purpose: The CAPEOX (combination of oxaliplatin and capecitabine) chemotherapy protocol is widely used for colorectal cancer treatment, but it can lead to chemotherapy-induced adverse effects (CRAEs).

Experimental Approach: To uncover the mechanisms and potential biomarkers for CRAE susceptibility, we performed whole-genome sequencing on normal colorectal tissue (CRT) before adjuvant chemotherapy. This is followed by in vivo and in vitro verifications for selected gene and CRAE pair.

Comprehensive Analysis of the Association Between Sex Hormones and Body Mass Components Among Men Adults: Results From a Large Population-Based Study.

Background: As the human body ages, adverse body composition status such as sarcopenia and obesity become obvious phenotypes which can cause numerous health problems. We aimed to comprehensively investigate the association of sex hormones and body mass components in adult men of various age groups.

Methods: We analysed national representative population data from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Personalized forward collision warning model with learning from human preferences.

The Forward Collision Warning (FCW) system has been widely equipped on vehicles to reduce rear-end crashes, which are considered the most common type of crash. However, existing FCW systems have the problem of low response rates, which restrict their safety improvement effects. This study aims to address this issue by building personalized FCW models based on human risk preferences.

The potential protective effect of 3-Hydroxybutyrate against aortic dissection: a mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: 3-Hydroxybutyrate, also called β-hydroxybutyrate, is a significant constituent of ketone bodies. Previous observational and experimental studies have suggested that ketogenic diet, especially 3-hydroxybutyrate, may have a protective effect against cardiovascular disease. However, the relationship between ketone bodies, especially 3-hydroxybutyrate, and aortic dissection remains uncertain.

Functional evolution and diversification of CYP82D subfamily members have shaped flavonoid diversification in the genus Scutellaria.

Flavonoids, the largest class of polyphenols, exhibit substantial structural and functional diversity, yet their evolutionary diversification and specialized functions remain largely unexplored. The genus Scutellaria is notable for its rich flavonoid diversity, particularly of 6/8-hydroxylated variants biosynthesized by the cytochrome P450 subfamily CYP82D. Our study analyzes metabolic differences between Scutellaria baicalensis and Scutellaria barbata, and the results suggest that CYP82Ds have acquired a broad range of catalytic functions over their evolution.

An activity-based sensing fluorogenic probe for monitoring O-methyltransferase in plants.

Activity-based sensing probes are powerful tools for monitoring enzymatic activities in complex biological samples such as cellular and live animals; however, their application in plants remains challenging. Herein, fourteen activity-based fluorescent probes were assayed against Arabidopsis O-methyltransferases (AtOMTs). One probe, 3-BTD, displayed a high selectivity, reactivity, and fluorescence response toward AtOMTs especially the isoform AtCCoAOMT.

Network-level crash risk analysis using large-scale geometry features.

Road traffic crashes are common occurrences that create substantial losses and hazards to society. A complex interaction of components, including drivers, vehicles, roads, and the environment, can impact the causes of these crashes. Due to its complexity, crash identification, and prediction research over large-scale areas faces several obstacles, including high costs and challenging data collecting.

Precise and efficient measurement of tibial slope on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): two novel autonomous pipelines by traditional and deep learning algorithms.

Background: The measurement of posterior tibial slopes (PTS) can aid in the screening and prevention of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries and improve the success rate of some other knee surgeries. However, the circle method for measuring PTS on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans is challenging and time-consuming for most clinicians to implement in practice, despite being highly repeatable. Currently, there is no automated measurement scheme based on this method.

Unified ionic and radical C-4 alkylation and arylation of pyridines.

C-H Functionalization of pyridines is an efficient strategy to access pyridine derivatives occurring in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials. Nucleophilic additions to pyridiniums both ionic and radical species have proven particularly useful. However, these reactions suffer from poor regioselectivity.