Common gastrointestinal diseases and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis.

Observational studies suggest an association between gastrointestinal diseases and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), but the causal relationship remains unclear. We conducted bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using summary data from genome-wide association study (GWAS) to explore the causal relationship between common gastrointestinal diseases and COPD. Gastrointestinal diseases included gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease (PUD), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), functional dyspepsia (FD), non-infectious gastroenteritis (NGE), and constipation (CP).

Gut microbiota and common gastrointestinal diseases: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomized study.

Background: Several recent studies have shown an association between gut microbiota and gastrointestinal diseases. However, the causal relationship between gut microbiota and gastrointestinal disorders is unclear.

Methods: We assessed causal relationships between gut microbiota and eight common gastrointestinal diseases using Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses.

A magnetically induced self-assembly of Ru@FeO/rGO cathode for diclofenac degradation in electro-Fenton process.

In this study, a novel magnetic nanocomposite of Ru@FeO/rGO was successfully synthesized by a simple hydro-thermal method. The Ru@FeO/rGO particles were assembled and immobilized for innovative magnetically assembled electrode (MAE) without any binder, and the electrode was further applied in heterogeneous electro-Fenton (hetero-EF) process for the degradation of diclofenac (DCF). The results showed that rGO could remarkably enhance the conductivity and catalyze the two-electron oxygen reduction, which greatly improved the generation of HO.

Leukocyte telomere length is associated with increased risk of endometriosis: a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Endometriosis (EMs) is a common gynecological disorder. Observational studies on the relationship between leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and EMs have shown conflicting results. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the precise causal relationship between LTL and EMs using Mendelian randomization (MR) methodology.

Modeling Colorectal Cancer-Induced Liver Portal Vein Microthrombus on a Hepatic Lobule Chip.

Colorectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. At the advanced stage of colorectal cancer, cancer cells migrate with the blood to the liver from the hepatic portal vein, eventually resulting in a portal vein tumor thrombus (PVTT). To date, the progression of the early onset of PVTT [portal vein microthrombus (PVmT) induced by tumors] is unclear.

The efficacy and safety of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in the treatment of acute-on-chronic liver failure: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background And Objectives: The safety and efficacy of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) for the treatment of acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) remain controversial. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of G-CSF in treating ACLF.

Methods: The estimated pooled risk ratio (RR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) assessed the treatment effects of G-CSF.

Acute exacerbation of postoperative idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis in a patient with lung cancer caused by invasive mechanical ventilation: A case report.

Study Design And Objection: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a progressive chronic disease characterized by damage to alveolar epithelial cells and abnormal deposition of the extracellular matrix. Although the disease course for most patients with IPF is progressive, in some cases the disease may appear as an acute exacerbation. Mechanical ventilation life support plays an important role in the treatment of patients with IPF but is associated with an increased risk of acute exacerbation of IPF (AE-IPF).

CRISPR-Cas9-based non-viral gene editing therapy for topical treatment of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa.

Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is an autosomal monogenic skin disease caused by mutations in gene and lack of functional type VII collagen (C7). Currently, there is no cure for RDEB, and most of the gene therapies under development have been designed as strategies because of the shortage of efficient and safe carriers for gene delivery. Herein, we designed, synthesized, and screened a new group of highly branched poly(β amino ester)s (HPAEs) as non-viral carriers for the delivery of plasmids encoding dual single-guide RNA (sgRNA)-guided CRISPR-Cas9 machinery to delete exon 80 containing the c.

Observation of inserted oxocarbonyl species in the tantalum cation-mediated activation of carbon dioxide dictated by two-state reactivity.

Reductive activation of carbon dioxide (CO) has drawn increasing attention as an effective and convenient method to unlock this stable molecule, especially transition metal-catalyzed reactions. Taking the [TaCO] ion-molecule complex formed in the laser ablation source as a representative, the reactivity of the tantalum metal cation towards CO molecules is explored using infrared photodissociation spectroscopy combined with quantum chemical calculations. The strong absorption in the carbonyl stretching region provides solid evidence for the insertion reactions into CO bonds by the tantalum cation.

DCPNet: a dual-channel parallel deep neural network for high quality computer-generated holography.

Recent studies have demonstrated that a learning-based computer-generated hologram (CGH) has great potential for real-time, high-quality holographic displays. However, most existing algorithms treat the complex-valued wave field as a two-channel spatial domain image to facilitate mapping onto real-valued kernels, which does not fully consider the computational characteristics of complex amplitude. To address this issue, we proposed a dual-channel parallel neural network (DCPNet) for generating phase-only holograms (POHs), taking inspiration from the double phase amplitude encoding method.

Live Imaging of 3D Hanging Drop Arrays through Manipulation of Light-Responsive Pyroelectric Slippery Surface and Chip Adhesion.

Three-dimensional (3D) hanging drop cell culture is widely used in organoid culture because of its lack of selection pressure and rapid cell aggregation. However, current hanging drop technology has limitations, such as a dependence on complex microfluidic transport channels or specific capillary force templates for drop formation, which leads to unchangeable drop features. These methods also hinder live imaging because of space and complexity constraints.

Role of surgery in T4N0-3M0 esophageal cancer.

Background: This study aimed to investigate an unsettled issue that whether T4 esophageal cancer could benefit from surgery.

Methods: Patients with T4N0-3M0 esophageal cancer from 2004 to 2015 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were included in this study. Kaplan-Meier method, Cox proportional hazard regression, and propensity score matching (PSM) were used to compare overall survival (OS) between the surgery and no-surgery group.

Dual-Signal Mode Ratiometric Photoelectrochemical Sensor Based on G-Quadruplex Hole Transport for Rapid and Sensitive Detection of miRNA-210.

For rapid and sensitive detection of miRNA-210, which is important for improving the reliability of clinical diagnosis of breast cancer, a dual-signal mode ratiometric photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor based on a Au/GaN photoanode is proposed. First, a DNA probe was designed that could complement the target miRNA-210. Then, another G-rich DNA sequence was designed to mismatch the probe and form a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA).

The Relationship Between Cognitive Resource Consumption During Gameplay and Postgame Aggressive Behaviors: Between-Subjects Experiment.

Background: The question of how video games can shape aggressive behaviors has been a focus for many researchers. Previous research has focused on how violent video game content leads to postgame aggressive behaviors. However, video games not only convey violence or prosocial content to players but also require cognitive effort from individuals.

Automatic segmentation framework of X-Ray tomography data for multi-phase rock using Swin Transformer approach.

A thorough understanding of the impact of the 3D meso-structure on damage and failure patterns is essential for revealing the failure conditions of composite rock materials such as coal, concrete, marble, and others. This paper presents a 3D XCT dataset of coal rock with 1372 slices (each slice contains 1720 × 1771 pixels in x × y direction). The 3D XCT datasets were obtained by MicroXMT-400 using the 225/320kv Nikon Metris custom bay.

Riboflavin-loaded carbon cloth aids the anaerobic digestion of cow dung by promoting direct interspecies electron transfer.

Cow dung generates globally due to increased beef and milk consumption, but its treatment efficiency remains low. Previous studies have shown that riboflavin-loaded conductive materials can improve anaerobic digestion through enhance direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET). However, its effect on the practical anaerobic digestion of cow dung remained unclear.

The Role of Perineuronal Nets in the Contralateral Hemisphere in the Electroacupuncture-Mediated Rehabilitation of Poststroke Dysphagia Mice.

Acupuncture at Lianquan (CV23) acupoint has been shown to improve swallowing function in poststroke dysphagia (PSD). This improvement is supposed to be associated with the regulation of neuronal activity in the contralateral primary motor cortex (M1), while the underlying mechanism still needs to be elucidated. Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are well-known to be involved in the regulation of neuronal activity.

A chromosome-level genome assembly of the Knoxia roxburghii (Rubiaceae).

Knoxia roxburghii is a well-known medicinal plant that is widely distributed in southern China and Southeast Asia. Its dried roots, known as hongdaji in traditional Chinese medicine, are used to treat a range of diseases, including cancers, carbuncles, and ascites. In this study, we report a de novo chromosome-level genome sequence for this diploid plant, which has a length of approximately 446.

Size-tunable nanogels for cascaded release of metronidazole and chemotherapeutic agents to combat Fusobacterium nucleatum-infected colorectal cancer.

Bacteria play important roles in tumor formation, growth and metastasis through downregulating immune response and initiating drug resistance. Herein, size-tunable nanogels (NGs) have been developed to address the existing size paradox in tumor accumulation, intratumoral penetration and intracellular release of therapeutics for the treatment of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum)-infected colorectal cancer.

RAB31 in glioma-derived endothelial cells promotes glioma cell invasion via extracellular vesicle-mediated enrichment of MYO1C.

Extracellular vesicles (EV), important messengers in intercellular communication, can load and transport various bioactive components and participate in different biological processes. We previously isolated glioma human endothelial cells (GhECs) and found that GhECs, rather than normal human brain endothelial cells (NhECs), exhibit specific enrichment of MYO1C into EVs and promote the migration of glioma cells. In this study, we explored the mechanism by which MYO1C is secreted into EVs.

Breast intervention device for low-field MRI with a customized unilateral coil.

With the incidence of breast cancer rising to the top among female malignant tumors, magnetic resonance images guided breast biopsy intervention and minimally invasive treatment have developed as a clinically practical research issue. High field studies have shown the diagnostic value of breast MRI, but the examination costs greatly exceed those of competing conventional mammography. In this case, low-field MRI cannot merely provide typical MRI contrast, but also significantly reduce the cost of diagnosis and treatment for breast cancer patients.

The tumor-enriched small molecule gambogic amide suppresses glioma by targeting WDR1-dependent cytoskeleton remodeling.

Glioma is the most prevalent brain tumor, presenting with limited treatment options, while patients with malignant glioma and glioblastoma (GBM) have poor prognoses. The physical obstacle to drug delivery imposed by the blood‒brain barrier (BBB) and glioma stem cells (GSCs), which are widely recognized as crucial elements contributing to the unsatisfactory clinical outcomes. In this study, we found a small molecule, gambogic amide (GA-amide), exhibited the ability to effectively penetrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and displayed a notable enrichment within the tumor region.