Identifying potential repurposable medications for Parkinson's disease through Mendelian randomization analysis.

Observational studies have suggested the potential benefits of several medications for Parkinson's disease (PD) and their potential for repurposing. However, the conclusions drawn from these studies are not entirely consistent. To address this inconsistency, we used the two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method to explore the putative causal relationships between 23 medications and the risk and progression of PD.

Integrating Network Pharmacology, Transcriptomics to Reveal Neuroprotective of Curcumin Activate PI3K / AKT Pathway in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the most prevalent movement disorder. Curcumin, a polyphenol with hydrophobic properties, has been proved against Parkinson. Our previous study suggested that curcumin's effectiveness in treating Parkinson's disease may be linked to the gut-brain axis, although the specific mechanism by which curcumin exerts neuroprotective effects in the brain remains unknown.

Genetic evidence supports a causal relationship between air pollution and brain imaging-derived phenotypes.

Background: Observational studies have reported associations between air pollutants and brain imaging-derived phenotypes (IDPs); however, whether this relationship is causal remains uncertain.

Methods: We conducted bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to explore the causal relationships between 5 types of air pollutants (N=423,796 to 456,380 individuals) and 587 reliable IDPs (N=33,224 individuals). Two-step MR was also conducted to assess whether the identified effects are mediated through the modulation of circulating cytokines (N=8293).

Contrasting coordination of non-structural carbohydrates with leaf and root economic strategies of alpine coniferous forests.

Non-structural carbohydrates (NSCs), as the labile fraction and dominant carbon currency, are essential mediators of plant adaptation to environments. However, whether and how NSC coordinates with plant economic strategy frameworks, particularly the well-recognized leaf economics spectrums (LES) and root economics space (RES), remains unclear. We examined the relationships between NSC and key plant economics traits in leaves and fine roots across 90 alpine coniferous populations on the Tibetan Plateau, China.

Causal relationship between diabetes mellitus, glycemic traits and Parkinson's disease: a multivariable mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Observational studies have indicated an association between diabetes mellitus (DM), glycemic traits, and the occurrence of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the complex interactions between these factors and the presence of a causal relationship remain unclear. Therefore, we aim to systematically assess the causal relationship between diabetes, glycemic traits, and PD onset, risk, and progression.

Curcumin alleviates 1-methyl- 4-phenyl- 1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine- induced Parkinson's disease in mice via modulating gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids.

The microbiota-gut-brain axis has been proposed as a potential therapeutic target of PD. The effects of curcumin against Parkinson's disease have been demonstrated; however, its neuroprotective mechanisms remain unknown. Our study investigated the potential mechanisms through which curcumin ameliorates Parkinson's disease via the microbiota-gut-brain axis.

Temperature rather than N availability determines root exudation of alpine coniferous forests on the eastern Tibetan Plateau along elevation gradients.

Root exudation fulfills fundamental roles in regulating carbon (C)-nutrient cycling in forest ecosystems, yet the main ecological drivers of root exudation and underlying mechanisms in forests under natural gradients remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the intraspecific variation of root exudation rates in two alpine coniferous forests (Abies faxoniana Rehder et Wilson and Abies georgei Orr) along two elevation gradients on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. Meanwhile, the fine root traits and associated climate and soil parameters were assessed to examine the effects of elevation-dependent changes in climatic and soil nutrient conditions on root exudation.

Pan-cancer analysis and experimental validation of DTL as a potential diagnosis, prognosis and immunotherapy biomarker.

Background: DTL has been found to be related with multiple cancers. However, comprehensive analyses, which identify the prediction value of DTL in diagnosis, prognosis, immune infiltration and treatment, have rarely been reported so far.

Methods: Combined with the data online databases, the gene expression, gene mutation, function enrichment and the correlations with the immunity status and clinical indexes of DTL were analyzed.

Nitrogen deposition induces a greater soil C sequestration in the rhizosphere than bulk soil in an alpine forest.

Root activity regulates rhizosphere soil carbon (C) dynamics, thereby profoundly affecting soil C sequestration and associated climate feedback. However, whether and how rhizosphere soil organic C (SOC) sequestration responds to atmospheric N deposition remains unclear. We distinguished and quantified the direction and magnitude of soil C sequestration between the rhizosphere and bulk soil of a spruce (Picea asperata Mast.

Exploring the Neuroprotective Mechanism of Curcumin Inhibition of Intestinal Inflammation against Parkinson's Disease Based on the Gut-Brain Axis.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a chronic progressive neurodegenerative disease commonly seen in aged people, in which gastrointestinal dysfunction is the most common nonmotor symptom and the activation of the gut-brain axis by intestinal inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis of PD. In a previous study, curcumin was considered neuroprotective in PD, and this neuroprotective mechanism may act by inhibiting intestinal inflammation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of curcumin on motor dysfunction and the loss of dopaminergic neurons in a PD mouse model, induced by N-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) using open field test and pole test behavioral assessments and the immunofluorescence and Western blot methods.

Differential aboveground-belowground adaptive strategies to alleviate N addition-induced P deficiency in two alpine coniferous forests.

Increasing atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has resulted in phosphorus (P) limitation in multiple terrestrial ecosystems, yet how plants coordinate aboveground and belowground strategies to adapt to such P deficiency remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a field N fertilization experiment in two alpine coniferous plantations (Picea asperata Mast. and Pinus armandii Franch.

More soil organic carbon is sequestered through the mycelium pathway than through the root pathway under nitrogen enrichment in an alpine forest.

Plant roots and associated mycorrhizae exert a large influence on soil carbon (C) cycling. Yet, little was known whether and how roots and ectomycorrhizal (ECM) extraradical mycelia differentially contribute to soil organic C (SOC) accumulation in alpine forests under increasing nitrogen (N) deposition. Using ingrowth cores, the relative contributions of the root pathway (RP; i.

[Seasonal dynamics of quantitative and morphological traits of poplar fine roots and their differences between successive rotation plantations].

Based on the fine root samples of the first and second generations of poplar (Populus x euramericana ' Neva'), this study examined the response of quantitative and morphological traits of fine roots of different orders and the difference between generations. The results showed that, the quantitative traits of fine roots, such as root length, root surface area and root biomass, presented obvious seasonal variation, and the fine root traits had obvious difference among root orders. The quantitative traits of lower-order fine roots showed significant seasonal difference, and the fine root biomass increased in the growing season and then decreased significantly.