Anion Modulation of Ag-Imidazole Cuboctahedral Cage Microenvironments for Efficient Electrocatalytic CO Reduction.

How to achieve CO electroreduction in high efficiency is a current challenge with the mechanism not well understood yet. The metal-organic cages with multiple metal sites, tunable active centers, and well-defined microenvironments may provide a promising catalyst model. Here, we report self-assembly of AgL type cuboctahedral cages from coordination dynamic Ag ion and triangular imidazolyl ligand 1,3,5-tris(1-benzylbenzimidazol-2-yl) benzene (Ag-MOC-X, X=NO, ClO, BF) via anion template effect.

Atsttrin regulates osteoblastogenesis and osteoclastogenesis through the TNFR pathway.

Osteoporosis is a systemic metabolic bone disorder for which inflammatory cytokines play an important role. To develop new osteoporosis treatments, strategies for improving the microenvironment for osteoblast and osteoclast balance are needed. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) plays an important role in the initiation and development of osteoporosis.

Melittin acupoint injection in attenuating bone erosion in collagen-induced arthritis mice via inhibition of the RANKL/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease leading to chronic joint inflammation. Bone erosion is the most serious pathological condition of RA and the main cause of joint deformities and disability. Melittin acupoint injection (MAI) is an effective traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) method for RA treatment.

Application of a new body surface-assisting puncture device in percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy.

Background: Accurate puncture and localization are critical for percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy surgery. However, several punctures are often required, followed by X-ray fluoroscopy, which can increase surgical risk and complications. The aim of this study was to demonstrate a new body surface-assisting puncture device that can be used in percutaneous transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy and to assess its clinical effectiveness.

The Classification of Axial Deformity in Patients with Basilar Invagination.

Objective: To summarize the variation types of the axis in patients with basilar invagination (BI), then propose a classification scheme of the axis deformity.

Methods: From December 2013 to September 2020, 92 patients (male 42, female 50) who were diagnosed with BI were studied retrospectively. Based on the imaging data of CT, the width and height of the axis pedicle and the sagittal diameter of the lateral mass were measured in each patient.

Scutellarin Protects Against Mitochondrial Reactive Oxygen Species-Dependent NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation to Attenuate Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a predominant cause of disc herniation and is widespread worldwide. Inflammatory responses, mitochondrial dysfunction, and extracellular matrix degradation are known to be involved in IVDD. Scutellarin, an active ingredient extracted from (Vaniot) Ha, , is reported to exhibit therapeutic potential in several degenerative diseases by suppressing inflammation and regulating metabolism.

TGF-β1-induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) migration via histone demethylase KDM6B mediated inhibition of methylation marker H3K27me3.

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are widely used in clinical research and therapy. Since the number of MSCs migration is extremely crucial at the lesion site, exploring the mechanisms to enhance the migration of MSCs is necessary. Therefore, this study focused on the epigenetic mechanisms in MSCs migration.

Synergistic stimulation of osteoblast differentiation of rat mesenchymal stem cells by leptin and 25(OH)D is mediated by inhibition of chaperone-mediated autophagy.

Background: Vitamin D is important for the mineralization of bones by stimulating osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs). BMMSCs are a target of vitamin D action, and the metabolism of 25(OH)D to biologically active 1α,25(OH)D in BMMSCs promotes osteoblastogenesis in an autocrine/paracrine manner. Our previous study with human BMMSCs showed that megalin is required for the 25(OH)D-DBP complex to enter cells and for 25(OH)D to stimulate osteoblast differentiation in BMMSCs.

TNF-α induces up-regulation of MicroRNA-27a via the P38 signalling pathway, which inhibits intervertebral disc degeneration by targeting FSTL1.

The mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration is still unclear, and there are no effective therapeutic strategies for treating this condition. miRNAs are naturally occurring macromolecules in the human body and have many biological functions. Therefore, we hope to elucidate whether miRNAs are associated with intervertebral disc degeneration and the underlying mechanisms involved.

Stromal cell-derived factor-1 promotes osteoblastic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells via the lncRNA-H19/miR-214-5p/BMP2 axis.

Background: Stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) plays an important role in the osteoblastic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (hBMMSCs), but the specific mechanism remains unclear. Our study aimed to clarify the role of the lncRNA-H19/miR-214-5p/BMP2 axis in the osteoblastic differentiation of hBMMSCs induced by SDF-1.

Methods: We used reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, alkaline phosphatase activity test, and Alizarin red staining to evaluate the osteoblastic differentiation of primary hBMMSCs and the luciferase reporter assay to determine if lncRNA-H19 binds with miR-214-5p.

Follistatin-Like 1 Attenuation Suppresses Intervertebral Disc Degeneration in Mice through Interacting with TNF- and Smad Signaling Pathway.

Background: Inflammation plays an important role in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). The protein follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) plays a proinflammatory role in a variety of inflammatory diseases.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether IDD could be delayed by inhibiting FSTL-1 expression.

Corrigendum to "Controlled Release of Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist from Hyaluronic Acid-Chitosan Microspheres Attenuates Interleukin-1-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in Chondrocytes".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2016/6290957.].

Controlled Release of Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist from Hyaluronic Acid-Chitosan Microspheres Attenuates Interleukin-1-Induced Inflammation and Apoptosis in Chondrocytes.

This paper investigates the protective effect of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) released from hyaluronic acid chitosan (HA-CS) microspheres in a controlled manner on IL-1-induced inflammation and apoptosis in chondrocytes. The IL-1Ra release kinetics was characterized by an initial burst release, which was reduced to a linear release over eight days. Chondrocytes were stimulated with 10 ng/ml IL-1 and subsequently incubated with HA-CS-IL-1Ra microspheres.