The diversity and biogeography of bacterial communities in lake sediments across different climate zones.

Bacteria are diverse and play important roles in biogeochemical cycling of aquatic ecosystems, but the global distribution patterns of bacterial communities in lake sediments across different climate zones are still obscure. Here we integrated the high-throughput sequencing data of 750 sediment samples from published literature to investigate the distribution of bacterial communities in different climate zones and the potential driving mechanisms. The obtained results indicated that the diversity and richness of bacterial community were notably higher in temperate and cold zones than those in other climate zones.

A 700 kV pulse generator with a rise time on the order of several nanoseconds.

Pulse generators with high voltage and several nanoseconds of rise time are typically used to carry out the equivalent assessment of the protection performance of typical power equipment in the high-altitude electromagnetic pulse environment. In this paper, a pulse generator with high voltage and fast rise time has been designed, and the diagnostic system with high temporal resolution has been integrated to measure the output pulse voltage of the generator. The experimental results showed that the output pulse voltage of the generator on the output load can reach 645 kV when the charged voltage of Marx generator capacitors is 40 kV.

PRMT6 Epigenetically Drives Metabolic Switch from Fatty Acid Oxidation toward Glycolysis and Promotes Osteoclast Differentiation During Osteoporosis.

Epigenetic regulation of metabolism profoundly influences cell fate commitment. During osteoclast differentiation, the activation of RANK signaling is accompanied by metabolic reprogramming, but the epigenetic mechanisms by which RANK signaling induces this reprogramming remain elusive. By transcriptional sequence and ATAC analysis, this study identifies that activation of RANK signaling upregulates PRMT6 by epigenetic modification, triggering a metabolic switching from fatty acids oxidation toward glycolysis.

Research on methods to increase the flashover voltage of supporting insulators in Tesla transformers.

This paper presents three methods aimed at enhancing the flashover voltage of the supporting insulator in a Tesla transformer. These methods include optimizing the maximum electric field on the insulator surface, adjusting the overall structure of the insulator, and changing the surface structure of the insulator. Ten insulator samples with different structures were designed based on electric field simulation.

Effects of different emergent macrophytes on methane flux and rhizosphere microbial communities in wetlands.

Emergent macrophytes are of great importance for the structure and functioning of wetland ecosystems and play a significant role in environmental improvement, element cycling, and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, our understanding of how GHG fluxes differ among macrophyte species and its links with the microbial communities remain limited. In this study, we investigated the rhizosphere microbial communities (including total bacteria, methanotrophs, and methanogens) and the GHG fluxes associated with four emergent macrophytes-Phragmites australis, Thalia dealbata, Pontederia cordata, and Zizania latifolia-collected from Xuanwu Lake wetland, China.

Fisetin orchestrates neuroinflammation resolution and facilitates spinal cord injury recovery through enhanced autophagy in pro-inflammatory glial cells.

Background: Neuroinflammation, a critical component of the secondary injury cascade post-spinal cord injury, involves the activation of pro-inflammatory cells and release of inflammatory mediators. Resolution of neuroinflammation is closely linked to cellular autophagy. This study investigates the potential of Fisetin, a natural anti-inflammatory compound, to ameliorate neuroinflammation and confer spinal cord injury protection through the regulation of autophagy in pro-inflammatory cells.

Dynamics of bacterioplankton communities in the estuary areas of the Taihu Lake: Distinct ecological mechanisms of abundant and rare communities.

As the crucial confluences of rivers and lakes, the estuary areas with varied hydrodynamic exchanges intensively affect the bacterioplankton communities, whereas the ecological characteristics of the bacterioplankton in the areas have not been well understood. Here, the distribution patterns and assembly mechanisms of bacterioplankton communities in the estuary areas of the Taihu Lake were investigated using high-throughput sequencing and multivariate statistical analyses. Our results showed obvious seasonal variations in bacterioplankton diversity and community composition, which had significant correlations with water temperature.

Epiphytic microorganisms of submerged macrophytes effectively contribute to nitrogen removal.

Submerged macrophytes play important roles in nutrient cycling and are widely used in ecological restoration to alleviate eutrophication and improve water quality in lakes. Epiphytic microbial communities on leaves of submerged macrophytes might promote nitrogen cycling, but the mechanisms and quantification of their contributions remain unclear. Here, four types of field zones with different nutrient levels and submerged macrophytes, eutrophic + Vallisneria natans (EV), eutrophic + V.

Tofacitinib Promotes Functional Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury by Regulating Microglial Polarization via JAK/STAT Signaling Pathway.

The JAK/STAT signaling pathway is the main inflammatory signal transduction pathway, whether JAK/STAT contributes the pathology of SCI and targeting the pathway will alleviate SCI needs to be addressed. Here, we explored the therapeutic effect of pan-JAK inhibitor tofacitinib (TOF) on secondary injury after SCI and explained the underlying mechanisms. SCI model in rat was established to evaluate the therapeutic effects of TOF treatment .

Top-down effects of filter-feeding fish and bivalves moderate bottom-up effects of nutrients on phytoplankton in subtropical shallow lakes: An outdoor mesocosm study.

Biomanipulation has been widely used in the ecological restoration of eutrophic lakes for decades. However, biomanipulation is prone to failure if external nutrient loads are not reduced. In order to explore the importance of filter-feeding fish and bivalves on algal control, an outdoor mesocosm experiment was conducted using different nutrient concentrations.

Greater transmission capacities and small-world characteristics of bacterial communities in the above- than those in the below- ground niches of a typical submerged macrophyte, Vallisneria natans.

Leaves and roots of submerged macrophytes provide extended surfaces and stable internal tissues for distinct microorganisms to rest, but how these microorganisms interact with each other across different niches and ultimately drive the distribution through horizontal and vertical transmissions remains largely undetermined. Knowledge of the mechanisms of assemblage and transmission in aquatic macrophytes-associated microbial communities will help to better understanding their important roles in plant fitness and benefit ecological functions. Here, we conducted a microcosmic experiment based on in situ lake samples to investigate the bacterial community assemblage, transmission, and co-occurrence patterns in different niches of a typical submerged macrophyte, Vallisneria natans (V.

Shift of human pathogen community composition and their potential human health risk after supply suspension in tap water.

Water supply suspension-restoration can occur frequently due to the overhauling of civil infrastructure in developing countries and the shutdown of commercial buildings during the pandemic. For comprehensive insights into the effects of water supply suspension-restoration, this study characterized the variations of the pathogen community composition of the tap water and their infection risk under different water supply scenarios. Metagenomic sequencing revealed a significant change of the human pathogen profiles, among which the most dominant pathogen changed from Pseudomonas aeruginosa (4.

The association of rod curvature with postoperative outcomes in patients undergoing posterior lumbar interbody fusion for spinal stenosis: a retrospective case-control study.

Background: Restoration of sagittal balance is a crucial consideration in posterior lumbar interbody fusion (PLIF) surgery and adverse postoperative outcomes are associated with inadequate restoration of sagittal alignment. However, there remains a shortage of substantial evidence regarding the effect of rod curvature on both sagittal spinopelvic radiographic parameters and clinical outcomes.

Method: A retrospective case-control study was conducted in this study.

Near-infrared ratiometric fluorescent strategy for butyrylcholinesterase activity and its application in the detection of pesticide residue in food samples and biological imaging.

Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an essential esterase synthesized by the liver, and its level is considered as a vital index for health evaluation. Therefore, it is of great need to develop a highly sensitive and selective tool to monitor BChE activity, which remains a considerable challenge on account of its usage in complex biological systems. A near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probe was elaborated in this work, employing cyanine backbone to provide the intrinsic NIR fluorescence and avoid interference from bioluminescence.

Computational Drug Discovery in Ankylosing Spondylitis-Induced Osteoporosis Based on Data Mining and Bioinformatics Analysis.

Background: Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) and osteoporosis (OP) are both prevalent illnesses in spine surgery, with OP being a possible consequence of AS. However, the mechanism of AS-induced OP (AS-OP) remains unknown, limiting etiologic research and therapy of the illness. To mine targetable medicine for the prevention and treatment of AS-OP, this study analyzes public data sets using bioinformatics to identify genes and biological pathways relevant to AS-OP.

Inhibition of IL1R1 or CASP4 attenuates spinal cord injury through ameliorating NLRP3 inflammasome-induced pyroptosis.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating trauma characterized by serious neuroinflammation and permanent neurological dysfunction. However, the molecular mechanism of SCI remains unclear, and few effective medical therapies are available at present. In this study, multiple bioinformatics methods were used to screen out novel targets for SCI, and the mechanism of these candidates during the progression of neuroinflammation as well as the therapeutic effects were both verified in a rat model of traumatic SCI.

Functional traits underlying performance variations in the overwintering of the cosmopolitan invasive plant water hyacinth () under climate warming and water drawdown.

Reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) indicate that temperature rise is still the general trend of the global climate in the 21st century. Invasive species may benefit from the increase in temperature, as climate can be viewed as a resource, and the increase in the available resources favors the invasibility of invasive species. This study aimed to assess the overwintering growth of the cosmopolitan invasive plant water hyacinth () at its northern boundary.

Families Playing Animal Crossing Together: Coping With Video Games During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic was stressful for everyone, particularly for families who had to supervise and support children, facilitate remote schooling, and manage work and home life. We consider how families coped with pandemic-related stress using the video game Combining a family coping framework with theorizing about media as a coping tool, this interview study of 27 families (33 parents and 37 children) found that parents and children individual coped with pandemic-related stress with media. Parents engaged in protective buffering of their children with media, taking on individual responsibility to cope with a collective problem.

Effect of juvenile omni-benthivorous fish (Carassius carassius) disturbance on the efficiency of lanthanum-modified bentonite (LMB) for eutrophication control: a mesocosm study.

Lanthanum-modified bentonite (LMB) is widely used for eutrophication control and has demonstrated good efficiency in some eutrophic lakes. However, the efficiency of LMB on eutrophication control in some eutrophic lakes, where the structure of food webs is mainly dominated by omni-benthivorous fish, remains ambiguous. Omni-benthivorous fish usually disturbs sediment and promotes the release of internal nutrients, the effect of which on the efficacy of LMB remains to be studied.

Transformation of Aquatic Plant Diversity in an Environmentally Sensitive Area, the Lake Taihu Drainage Basin.

Located downstream of the Yangtze River Delta, the Lake Taihu drainage basin (LTDB) is one of the most developed areas in China. This area currently faces population and development issues, as well as many environmental problems, such as cultural eutrophication, algal blooms, and loss of native aquatic plants. Changes in aquatic biodiversity have received less attention than have changes in terrestrial habitats because relevant observations are lacking.

Turning up the heat: warming influences plankton biomass and spring phenology in subtropical waters characterized by extensive fish omnivory.

Understanding how biological communities respond to climate change is a major challenge in ecology. The response of ectotherms to changes in temperature depends not only on their species-specific thermal tolerances but also on temperature-mediated interactions across different trophic levels. Warming is predicted to reinforce trophic cascades in linear aquatic food chains, but little is known about how warming might affect the lower trophic levels of food webs involving extensive fish omnivory, a common scenario in subtropical and tropical waterbodies.

Hepatitis C virus genotypes 1-3 infections regulate lipogenic signaling and suppress cholesterol biosynthesis in hepatocytes.

Background: Patients with different hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype infections are associated with varying metabolic disorders. Although alteration of lipid metabolism has been confirmed as a virus-induced metabolic derangement in chronic hepatitis C patients, the impact of various HCV genotypes on hepatic cholesterol metabolism remains elusive. In this study, we thus investigated the HCV genotype-specific lipogenic and cholesterol metabolism profiles in an in vitro cell culture system.

Controlling for Participants' Viewing Distance in Large-Scale, Psychophysical Online Experiments Using a Virtual Chinrest.

While online experiments have shown tremendous potential to study larger and more diverse participant samples than is possible in the lab, the uncontrolled online environment has prohibited many types of psychophysical studies due to difficulties controlling the viewing distance and stimulus size. We introduce the Virtual Chinrest, a method that measures a participant's viewing distance in the web browser by detecting a participant's blind spot location. This makes it possible to automatically adjust stimulus configurations based on an individual's viewing distance.

Effects of juvenile crucian carp (Carassius carassius) removal on submerged macrophyte growth-implications for subtropical shallow lake restoration.

Rapid expansion of juvenile fish after biomanipulation can delay the successful restoration of submerged macrophytes, leading to a turbid water status in subtropical shallow lakes. Aimed to test the effects of direct removal of juvenile crucian carp (Carassius carassius) on water quality and growth of two submerged macrophytes Vallisneria natans and Hydrilla verticillate, a short-term outdoor mesocosm experiment was conducted in the Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research (TLLER). The results indicated that the concentrations of TN, TP, suspended solids, and chlorophyll a decreased significantly with increasing removal density of juvenile crucian carp, thus resulting in a clear status of the water.