Impact of simulation-based training on bougie-assisted cricothyrotomy technique: a quasi-experimental study.

Background: Cricothyrotomy is a lifesaving surgical technique in critical airway events. However, a large proportion of anesthesiologists have little experience with cricothyrotomy due to its low incidence. This study aimed to develop a multisensory, readily available training curriculum for learning cricothyrotomy and evaluate its training effectiveness.

Perioperative fluid management for lung transplantation is challenging.

Lung transplantation is the definitive end-stage treatment for many lung diseases, and postoperative pulmonary oedema severely affects survival after lung transplantation. Optimizing perioperative fluid management can reduce the incidence of postoperative pulmonary oedema and improve the prognosis of lung transplant patients by removing the influence of patient, donor's lung and ECMO factors. Therefore, this article reviews seven aspects of lung transplant patients' pathophysiological characteristics, physiological characteristics of fluids, the influence of the donor lung on pulmonary oedema as well as current fluid rehydration concepts, advantages or disadvantages of intraoperative monitoring tools or types of fluids on postoperative pulmonary oedema, while showing the existing challenges in section 7.

Scalpel cricothyrotomy versus punctured cricothyrotomy in the context of the CICO crisis. A systematic review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: The preferential use of a scalpel (SCT) or puncture techniques (PCT) for cricothyrotomy remains a controversial topic.

Objective: We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis comparing puncture cricothyrotomy with scalpel cricothyrotomy using overall success rate, first-time success rate, and time taken to perform the procedure as the primary outcome together with complications as a secondary outcome.

Evidence Review: Pubmed databases, EMBASE databases, MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, from 1980 to October 2022.

Design and Experimental Study of a Stepping Piezoelectric Actuator with Large Stroke and High Speed.

A stepping piezoelectric actuator is proposed with large stroke and high speed. The piezoelectric actuator consists of two symmetrical stators and a mover. The actuator can operate with a "double-drive, four-clamp" mode.

In vitro human cell-based models to study airway remodeling in asthma.

Airway remodeling, as a predominant characteristic of asthma, refers to the structural changes that occurred both in the large and small airways. These pathological changes not only contribute to airway hyperresponsiveness and airway obstruction, but also predict poor outcomes of patients. In vitro models are the alternatives to animal models that facilitate airway remodeling research.

Dexmedetomidine reduces IL-4 and IgE expression through downregulation of theTLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway to alleviate airway hyperresponsiveness in OVA mice.

Background: Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) is a clinical manifestation of airflow limitation due to abnormal tracheal and bronchial sensitivity and is the main basis for the diagnosis of asthma. Patients with AHR are at high risk of perioperative tracheal and bronchospasm, which can lead to hypoxaemia and haemodynamic instability and, in severe cases, to a life-threatening 'silent lung'. It is therefore important to reduce the incidence or intensity of AHR episodes in the perioperative period.

Endoplasmic reticulum stress in airway hyperresponsiveness.

Airway hyperresponsiveness(AHR) is a major clinical phenomenon in lung diseases (asthma, COPD and pulmonary fibrosis) and not only a high-risk factor for perioperative airway spasm leading to hypoxaemia, haemodynamic instability and even "silent lung", but also a potential risk for increased mortality from underlying diseases (e.g. asthma, COPD).