Management of granulomatous lobular mastitis: an international multidisciplinary consensus (2021 edition).

Granulomatous lobular mastitis (GLM) is a rare and chronic benign inflammatory disease of the breast. Difficulties exist in the management of GLM for many front-line surgeons and medical specialists who care for patients with inflammatory disorders of the breast. This consensus is summarized to establish evidence-based recommendations for the management of GLM.

Allograft inflammatory factor-1 alleviates liver disease of BALB/c mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum.

Allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) plays an important role in various inflammatory conditions. Our previous study demonstrated that AIF-1 was over-expressed in the liver of BALB/c mice infected with Schistosoma japonicum and played significant role in the pathogenesis of schistosomiasis. The aim of this study was to focus on the effect of AIF-1 treatment on liver fibrosis and necrosis of BALB/c mice infected with S.

[In-vitro amplification of oval cells with preservation of stem cell phenotype].

Objective: To explore cell culture techniques for amplification of oval cells with preservation simultaneously of the stem cell characteristics.

Methods: Oval cell line OC3 was cultured in RPMI 1640 supplemented with 15% fetal bovine serum and 20 µg/L EGF. Cells were harvested every 5 passages and were examined with biomarkers including OV-6, c-kit, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, placental form of glutathione-S-transferase (GST-P), pyruvate kinase M₂, pyruvate kinase L and albumin using techniques including RT-PCR, immunocytochemistry, and enzymo-cytochemistry.

Daintain/AIF-1 promotes breast cancer proliferation via activation of the NF-kappaB/cyclin D1 pathway and facilitates tumor growth.

Recent research indicates that inflammatory factors play important roles in the initiation and progression of cancers, including breast cancer. Daintain/allograft inflammatory factor-1 (AIF-1) is a crucial mediator in the inflammatory response, but it has not yet been reported whether daintain/AIF-1 is involved in the development of breast cancers. In this study, immunohistochemical analysis found strong positive expression of daintain/AIF-1 in breast ductal tumor epithelia, but only weakly positive or negative expression in the adjacent histologically normal ductal epithelia.

[Evolutive characters of oval cells in experimental hepatocarcinogenesis].

Background & Objective: The role of oval cells in hepatocarcinogenesis is unclear yet. This study was to explore the correlation of oval cells to hepatocarcinoma through dynamic observation on evolutive characters of oval cells in experimental hepatocarcinogenesis.

Methods: Male SD rats were fed with 3o-me-DAB to establish an animal model of experimental hepatocarcinoma.