Efficacy of a real-time intelligent quality-control system for the detection of early upper gastrointestinal neoplasms: a multicentre, single-blinded, randomised controlled trial.

Background: Oesophagogastroduodenoscopy (OGD) quality and identification of the early upper gastrointestinal (UGI) neoplasm play an important role in detecting the UGI neoplasm. However, the optimal method for quality control in daily OGD procedures is currently lacking. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a real-time intelligent quality-control system (IQCS), which combines OGD quality control with lesion detection of early UGI neoplasms.

Clinical features and treatment of heterotopic pancreas in children: a multi-center retrospective study.

Objective: Heterotopic pancreas, an uncommon condition in children, can present with diagnostic and treatment challenges. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical features and treatment options for this disorder in pediatric patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis, including patients diagnosed with heterotopic pancreas at four tertiary hospitals between January 2000 and June 2022.

The Impact of Problematic Smartphone Use on Sleep Quality Among Chinese Young Adults: Investigating Anxiety and Depression as Mediators in a Three-Wave Longitudinal Study.

Background: Sleep disorders are a significant health issue that urgently needs to be addressed among undergraduate students, and one of the potential underlying problems could be problematic smartphone use (PSU). This study aimed to clarify the relationship between PSU and poor sleep quality by investigating the independent and serial mediating roles of anxiety and depressive symptoms in a population of university students in Tibet, China.

Methods: A total of 2993 Tibetan college students completed three waves of data surveys, with all participants completing questionnaires on PSU, anxiety, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality (Time 1 (T1) -Time 3 (T3)).

Absolute distance meter without dead zone based on free-running dual femtosecond lasers.

Absolute distance measurements based on femtosecond lasers have been extensively studied for precision metrology and advanced manufacturing, with the advantages of traceability, high speed, and nanometer precision. However, in previous studies, the dual femtosecond laser ranging system showed limitations such as system complexity, lower integration, dead zone problems in single optical path detection, and high requirements for laser coherence. It is challenging to achieve a high degree of integration and large-scale continuous measurements using femtosecond lasers, ineluctably limiting practical applications in engineering fields.

Experience of management of pediatric upper gastrointestinal perforations: a series of 30 cases.

Background: This study aimed to explore the characteristics of pediatric upper gastrointestinal (UGI) perforations, focusing on their diagnosis and management.

Methods: Between January 2013 and December 2021, 30 children with confirmed UGI perforations were enrolled, and their clinical data were analyzed. Two groups were compared according to management options, including open surgical repair (OSR) and laparoscopic/gastroscopic repair (LR).

High-precision nanosecond detection of a gas absorption spectrum based on optical frequency comb time-frequency mapping.

There is an increasing demand for high-precision gas absorption spectroscopy in basic research and industrial applications, such as gas tracking and leak warning. In this Letter, a novel, to the best of our knowledge, high-precision and real-time gas detection method is proposed. A femtosecond optical frequency comb is used as the light source, and a broadening pulse containing a range of oscillation frequencies is formed after passing through a dispersive element and a Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

Comparison of efficiency and safety between dual-clip and rubber band-assisted ESD and conventional ESD for colonic lateral spreading tumors (LSTs) with different levels of technical difficulty: a retrospective case-control study.

Background: Dual-clip and rubber band-assisted endoscopic submucosal dissection (DCRB-ESD) is a useful technique in the management of lateral spreading tumors (LSTs) of the colon and is suggested by researchers compared with conventional ESD (C-ESD). The aim of this retrospective study is to further analyze the efficiency and safety of DCRB-ESD in a setting with varying technical difficulties.

Methods: Patients who underwent endoscopic treatment (DCRB-ESD or C-ESD) due to LSTs between Jan 1st, 2019 and Jan 1st, 2022, were retrospectively collected.

Arbitrary distance measurement without dead zone by chirped pulse spectrally interferometry using a femtosecond optical frequency comb.

We demonstrate an arbitrary distance measurement method by chirped pulse spectrally interferometry (CPSI) using femtosecond optical frequency comb (OFC). In this paper, the chirped fiber Bragg grating (CFBG) is used to investigate the mapping relationship between displacement and the center frequency of the chirped spectral interferogram. We overcome the direction ambiguity of dispersive interferometry (DPI) ranging and expand the range of distance measurement to 18 cm.

Improvement of Distance Measurement Based on Dispersive Interferometry Using Femtosecond Optical Frequency Comb.

Since the dispersive interferometry (DPI) based on optical frequency combs (OFCs) was proposed, it has been widely used in absolute distance measurements with long-distance and high precision. However, it has a serious problem for the traditional DPI based on the mode-locked OFC. The error of measurements caused by using the fast Fourier transform (FFT) algorithm to process signals cannot be overcome, which is due to the non-uniform sampling intervals in the frequency domain of spectrometers.

Severe Blunt Liver Injury Complicated by Delayed Massive Hemobilia in a Toddler: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Introduction: Unintentional injuries remain a leading cause of disability among children. Although most of the pediatric patients suffering blunt liver injury can be successfully treated with non-operative therapy, the diagnosis and management of delayed life-threatening hemobilia following severe blunt liver injury, especially in the pediatric population, remain a challenge for clinicians.

Case Presentation: A previously healthy 2-year-old girl suffered a severe blunt liver injury related to an electric bike, which was inadvertently activated by herself.

Pediatric Multiple High-Powered Magnetic Buckyballs Ingestion-Experience From Six Tertiary Medical Centers.

Multiple high-powered magnetic Buckyball ingestions may lead to a high risk of severe complications. Great concerns have been raised by public health workers, and it remains challenging for clinicians to solve this troublesome problem. We report a large case series of children with Buckyball ingestion from six tertiary medical centers.

Exosomal miR-29b of Gut Origin in Patients With Ulcerative Colitis Suppresses Heart Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor.

While the interplay between heart and gut in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has previously been noted, how the inflamed gut impairs heart function remain elusive. We hypothesized that exosomal miRNAs of gut origin induce cardiac remodeling in IBD. Our aim was to identify plasma exosomal miRNAs that not only are of diagnostic value but also contribute to cardiac remodeling in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC).

Influence of Sedation on the Detection Rate of Early Cancer and Precancerous Lesions During Diagnostic Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopies: A Multicenter Retrospective Study.

Introduction: The influence of sedation on the endoscopic detection rate of upper gastrointestinal (UGI) early cancer (EC) and precancerous lesions, including high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) and low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, has not been assessed. The aim of this research is to assess whether the use of sedation can help improve the detection rate of UGI EC and precancerous lesions. The second objective is to evaluate its potential influencing factors.

Electroacupuncture Regularizes Gastric Contraction and Reduces Apoptosis of Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Diabetic Rats.

Background/aims: Gastric dysmotility is a frequent complication among patients with diabetes mellitus. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been empirically used to relieve gastrointestinal symptoms. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of EA on gastric contraction and the mechanisms of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) involved.

Elevated miR-129-5p attenuates hepatic fibrosis through the NF-κB signaling pathway via PEG3 in a carbon CCl rat model.

Hepatic fibrosis is a reversible scaring response to chronic liver injury. MicroRNA (miR)-129-5p might regulate fibrosis-related gene expression. This study is performed to decipher, potential of miR-129-5p to influence the progression of hepatic fibrosis in a carbon tetrachloride (CCl) rat model.

Gastric Electrical Pacing Reduces Apoptosis of Interstitial Cells of Cajal via Antioxidative Stress Effect Attributing to Phenotypic Polarization of M2 Macrophages in Diabetic Rats.

Background: Gastric electrical pacing (GEP) could restore interstitial cells of Cajal in diabetic rats. M2 macrophages contribute to the repair of interstitial cells of Cajal injury though secreting heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). The aim of the study is to investigate the effects and mechanisms of gastric electrical pacing on M2 macrophages in diabetic models.

OTSC assisted EFTR for the treatment of GIST: 40 cases analysis.

Background And Aims: To verify the safety and efficacy of over-the-scope clip (OTSC)-assisted endoscopic full-thickness resection (EFTR) for the excision of stromal tumors.

Material And Methods: Forty patients with gastric stromal tumors treated in the Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital from December 2015 to March 2017 were included in this study. The surgical procedures included marking the lesion boundaries, cutting open the top surface of the lesion, installing an OTS, sucking the lesion into the transparent cap of the anatomical clip which was then released, application of an endoloop for EFTR, and confirming the complete resection and pathological examination of the lesion.

Glutamine ameliorates intestinal ischemia-reperfusion Injury in rats by activating the Nrf2/Are signaling pathway.

Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R)-mediated intestinal mucosal injury is usually induced by oxygen-derived toxic free radicals from the xanthine oxidase system after reperfusion, but the detailed molecular mechanisms underlying glutamine protection is still unclear. This study aims to elucidate whether glutamine prevents damage to the intestinal mucosa after I/R in rats and to investigate signaling by the Nrf2/ARE pathway induced by GLN in a rat model. Our results revealed that Glutamine pretreatment reduced jejunum injury and microvascular hyper-permeability induced by I/R.

Clinical significance and association of RUNX3 hypermethylation frequency with colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis.

Background: The RUNX family, which is composed of RUNX1, RUNX2, and RUNX3, is a sequence-specific transcription factor family and is closely involved in a variety of cellular processes including development, differentiation, participation in the regulation of p53-dependent DNA damage response and/or tumorigenesis. Emerging evidence indicates that RUNX3 is a candidate tumor suppressor in several types of human tumors including colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the correlation of RUNX3 inactivation with CRC remains unclear.

Role of EZH2 polymorphisms in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma risk in Han Chinese population.

Gene single nucleotide polymorphisms play a critical role in the development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The aim of this study is to investigate the associations between EZH2 gene polymorphisms and ESCC risk. We undertook a case-control study to analyze three EZH2 polymorphisms (148505302C>T, 2110+6A>C and 626-394T>C) in an Han Chinese population, by extraction of genomic DNA from the peripheral blood of 476 patients with ESCC and 492 control participants, and performed EZH2 genotyping using DNA sequencing.