Mycorrhizal dominance influences tree species richness and richness-biomass relationship in China's forests.

Mycorrhizal associations drive plant community diversity and ecosystem functions. Arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) and ectomycorrhiza (EcM) are two widespread mycorrhizal types and are thought to differentially affect plant diversity and productivity by nutrient acquisition and plant-soil feedback. However, it remains unclear how the mixture of two mycorrhizal types influences tree diversity, forest biomass, and their relationship at large spatial scales.

F-Wave Features in Most Common Chinese Spinocerebellar Ataxias.

The use of F-wave study may help to gain insight into electrophysiological significance of spinocerebellar Ataxias (SCAs). Particularly, the difference of F-wave features between Chinese SCA1, SCA2 and SCA3 patients were scarcely reported. 20 SCA1, 20 SCA2, 46 SCA3 patients and 30 healthy controls underwent nerve (median, ulnar, tibial) conduction and F-wave studies, and electrophysiology parameters were compared between them.

The relationship between HIV/AIDS and coronary heart disease: A bibliometric analysis.

Background: Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome is a malignant infectious disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). HIV gradually destroys the body's immune system and weakens the body's ability to resist diseases. People living with HIV may have a higher incidence of coronary heart disease than people without HIV.

Diffusion and structure of propylene carbonate-metal salt electrolyte solutions for post-lithium-ion batteries: From experiment to simulation.

The diffusion of cations in organic solvent solutions is important for the performance of metal-ion batteries. In this article, pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance experiments and fully atomistic molecular dynamic simulations were employed to study the temperature-dependent diffusive behavior of various liquid electrolytes representing 1M propylene carbonate solutions of metal salts with bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (TFSI-) or hexafluorophosphate (PF6-) anions commonly used in lithium-ion batteries and beyond. The experimental studies revealed the temperature dependence of the diffusion coefficients for the propylene carbonate (PC) solvent and for the anions following an Arrhenius type of behavior.

Potential of Progressive and Disruptive Innovation-Driven Cost Reductions of Green Hydrogen Production.

Green hydrogen from water electrolysis is a key driver for energy and industrial decarbonization. The prediction of the future green hydrogen cost reduction is required for investment and policy-making purposes but is complicated due to a lack of data, incomplete accounting for costs, and difficulty justifying trend predictions. A new AI-assisted data-driven prediction model is developed for an in-depth analysis of the current and future levelized costs of green hydrogen, driven by both progressive and disruptive innovations.

Life forms affect beta-diversity patterns of larch forests in China.

Beta-diversity reflects the spatial changes in community species composition which helps to understand how communities are assembled and biodiversity is formed and maintained. Larch () forests, which are coniferous forests widely distributed in the mountainous and plateau areas in North and Southwest China, are critical for maintaining the environmental conditions and species diversity. Few studies of larch forests have examined the beta-diversity and its constituent components (species turnover and nestedness-resultant components).

Patient-Reported Outcome Measure of Ataxia Correlates with Canonical Clinical Assessments in Chinese Spinocerebellar Ataxias.

Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) patients' reports of their own experiences are essential to the outcome evaluation in clinical trials. To better understand the health condition and well-being of ataxia population, Patient-Reported Outcome Measure of Ataxia (PROM-Ataxia) was developed. The aim of our study was to culturally adapt the PROM-Ataxia into Chinese version and assess its correlation with canonical clinical assessments.

An examination of published datasets of skin permeability and partition coefficients.

Permeability and partition coefficients of the skin barrier are important for assessing dermal absorption, bioavailability, and safety of cosmetics and medicine. We use the Potts and Guy equation to analyse the dependence of skin permeability on the hydrophobicity of permeants and highlight the significant differences in published datasets. Correlations of solute partition to skin are examined to understand the likely causes of the differences in the skin permeability datasets.

Insight into the role of crystallinity in oxide electrolytes enabling high-performance all-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries.

All-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries (ASSLSBs) would be a promising candidate for the next-generation batteries due to the utilization of energy-dense electrodes and the non-flammable oxide solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), but still face great challenges such as low ionic conductivity of SSEs, poor interfacial contact and lithium (Li) dendrite propagation. Herein, we regulated the crystallinity degrees of the large-scale-fabricated LiAlGe(PO) (LAGP) SSEs and explored the critical role of crystallinity optimization in reinforcing the basic properties of LAGP, developing a fundamental explanation for the inherent relation between the crystallinity and the performance of ASSLSBs. Benefiting from the optimized crystallinity (∼99.

Deploying Proteins as Electrolyte Additives in Li-S Batteries: The Multifunctional Role of Fibroin in Improving Cell Performance.

It is widely accepted that the commercial application of lithium-sulfur batteries is inhibited by their short cycle life, which is primarily caused by a combination of Li dendrite formation and active material loss due to polysulfide shuttling. Unfortunately, while numerous approaches to overcome these problems have been reported, most are unscalable and hence further hinder Li-S battery commercialization. Most approaches suggested also only tackle one of the primary mechanisms of cell degradation and failure.

Towards Practical Application of Li-S Battery with High Sulfur Loading and Lean Electrolyte: Will Carbon-Based Hosts Win This Race?

As the need for high-energy-density batteries continues to grow, lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have become a highly promising next-generation energy solution due to their low cost and exceptional energy density compared to commercially available Li-ion batteries. Research into carbon-based sulfur hosts for Li-S batteries has been ongoing for over two decades, leading to a significant number of publications and patents. However, the commercialization of Li-S batteries has yet to be realized.

In Silico Prediction of Stratum Corneum Partition Coefficients via COSMOmic and Molecular Dynamics Simulations.

Stratum corneum (SC) is the main barrier of human skin where the inter-corneocytes lipids provide the main pathway for transdermal permeation of functional actives of skin care and health. Molecular dynamics (MD) has been increasingly used to simulate the SC lipid bilayer structure so that the barrier property and its affecting factors can be elucidated. Among reported MD simulation studies, solute partition in the SC lipids, an important parameter affecting SC permeability, has received limited attention.

Deodorants and antiperspirants: New trends in their active agents and testing methods.

Sweating is the human body's thermoregulation system but also results in unpleasant body odour which can diminish the self-confidence of people. There has been continued research in finding solutions to reduce both sweating and body odour. Sweating is a result of increased sweat flow and malodour results from certain bacteria and ecological factors such as eating habits.

Synthesis and Densification of Mo/Mg Co-Doped Apatite-type Lanthanum Silicate Electrolytes with Enhanced Ionic Conductivity.

Apatite-type lanthanum silicate (LSO) electrolyte is one of the most promising candidates for developing intermediate-temperature solid oxide electrolysis cells and solid oxide full cells (IT-SOECs and SOFCs) due to its stability and low activation energy. However, the LSO electrolyte still suffers from unsatisfied ionic conductivity and low relative density. Herein, a new co-doped method is reported to prepare highly purified polycrystalline powders of Mg-Mo co-doped LSO (Mg/Mo-LSO) electrolytes with high excellent densification properties and improved ionic conductivity.

DFT Simulation-Based Design of 1T-MoS Cathode Hosts for Li-S Batteries and Experimental Evaluation.

The main challenge in lithium sulphur (Li-S) batteries is the shuttling of lithium polysulphides (LiPSs) caused by the rapid LiPSs migration to the anode and the slow reaction kinetics in the chain of LiPSs conversion. In this study, we explore 1T-MoS as a cathode host for Li-S batteries by examining the affinity of 1T-MoS substrates (pristine 1T-MoS, defected 1T-MoS with one and two S vacancies) toward LiPSs and their electrocatalytic effects. Density functional theory (DFT) simulations are used to determine the adsorption energy of LiPSs to these substrates, the Gibbs free energy profiles for the reaction chain, and the preferred pathways and activation energies for the slow reaction stage from LiS to LiS.

Stabilizing Cobalt-free Li-rich Layered Oxide Cathodes through Oxygen Lattice Regulation by Two-phase Ru Doping.

The application of Li-rich layered oxides is hindered by their dramatic capacity and voltage decay on cycling. This work comprehensively studies the mechanistic behaviour of cobalt-free Li Ni Mn O and demonstrates the positive impact of two-phase Ru doping. A mechanistic transition from the monoclinic to the hexagonal behaviour is found for the structural evolution of Li Ni Mn O and the improvement mechanism of Ru doping is understood using the combination of in operando and post-mortem synchrotron analyses.

Species richness patterns and the determinants of larch forests in China.

Larch forests are important for species diversity, as well as soil and water conservation in mountain regions. In this study, we determined large-scale patterns of species richness in larch forests and identified the factors that drive these patterns. We found that larch forest species richness was high in southern China and low in northern China, and that patterns of species richness along an elevational gradient depend on larch forest type.

Investigating the Role of Surface Roughness and Defects on EC Breakdown, as a Precursor to SEI Formation in Hard Carbon Sodium-Ion Battery Anodes.

Hard carbon (HC) anodes together with ethylene carbonate (EC)-based electrolytes have shown significant promise for high-performing sodium-ion batteries. However, questions remain in relation to the initial contact between the carbon surface and the EC molecules. The surface of the HC anode is complex and can contain both flat pristine carbon surfaces, curvature, nanoscale roughness, and heteroatom defects.

Effect of Psychological Intervention-Assisted Comfort Nursing Based on PERMA Model on Stress and Psychological Changes of Patients after Breast Cancer Surgery.

Objective: To investigate the emotional response, stress and psychological changes of patients with breast cancer after surgery for psychological intervention-assisted comfort nursing based on the PERMA model.

Methods: A total of 100 postoperative breast cancer patients admitted to our hospital from March 2019 to June 2021 were selected as prospective research objects. According to a random number table, they were divided into a control group and an observation group with 50 cases each.

Introducing 4s-2p Orbital Hybridization to Stabilize Spinel Oxide Cathodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Oxides composed of an oxygen framework and interstitial cations are promising cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries. However, the instability of the oxygen framework under harsh operating conditions results in fast battery capacity decay, due to the weak orbital interactions between cations and oxygen (mainly 3d-2p interaction). Here, a robust and endurable oxygen framework is created by introducing strong 4s-2p orbital hybridization into the structure using LiNi Mn O oxide as an example.

Xenon Ion Implantation Induced Surface Compressive Stress for Preventing Dendrite Penetration in Solid-State Electrolytes.

Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) have been thrust into the limelight for the revival of energy-dense lithium metal batteries, but still face the challenge of failure caused by the dendrite penetration. Mounting evidence indicates that dendrite penetration is related to the mechanical failure in SSEs, which calls for mechanical engineering to tackle this problem. This work reports a proof of concept that ion implantation induced surface compressive stress enables resistance in the dendrite penetration.

From room temperature to harsh temperature applications: Fundamentals and perspectives on electrolytes in zinc metal batteries.

As one of the most competitive candidates for the next-generation energy storage systems, the emerging rechargeable zinc metal battery (ZMB) is inevitably influenced by beyond-room-temperature conditions, resulting in inferior performances. Although much attention has been paid to evaluating the performance of ZMBs under extreme temperatures in recent years, most academic electrolyte research has not provided adequate information about physical properties or practical testing protocols of their electrolytes, making it difficult to assess their true performance. The growing interest in ZMBs is calling for in-depth research on electrolyte behavior under harsh practical conditions, which has not been systematically reviewed yet.