How the characteristics of land cover changes affect vegetation greenness in Guangdong, a rapid urbanization region of China during 2001-2022.

To evaluate the quantitative impacts of land cover change on vegetation greenness in the significantly human-impacted subtropical region, the characteristics of land cover change were explored by land use dynamic degree, transition matrix and normalized entropy. Various methods including Standardized coefficient, LMG (Lindeman-Merenda-Gold), GEN (Genizi measure) and CAR (Correlation-Adjusted Marginal Correlation) were employed to estimate the contributions of land cover changes on vegetation greenness using MODIS data during 2001-2022 in Guangdong. The conclusions revealed that land cover changes exhibited obvious temporal characteristics in Guangdong with a significantly increasing trend of normalized entropy indicating a more balanced distribution of land cover types under human intervention.

Epithelium/imcDC2 axis facilitates the resistance of neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 in human NSCLC.

Background: Therapeutic resistance is a main obstacle to achieve long-term benefits from immune checkpoint inhibitors. The underlying mechanism of neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 resistance remains unclear.

Methods: Multi-omics analysis, including mass cytometry, single-cell RNA-seq, bulk RNA-seq, and polychromatic flow cytometry, was conducted using the resected tumor samples in a cohort of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients received neoadjuvant anti-PD-1 therapy.

JAML promotes the antitumor role of tumor-resident CD8 T cells by facilitating their innate-like function in human lung cancer.

Tissue-resident memory CD8+T cells (CD8+TRMs) are thought to play a crucial role in cancer immunosurveillance. However, the characteristics of CD8+TRMs in the tumor microenvironment (TME) of human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear. Here, we report that CD8+TRMs accumulate explicitly and exhibit a unique gene expression profile in the TME of NSCLC.

Inflammatory dendritic cells restrain CD11bCD4 CTLs via CD200R in human NSCLC.

CD4 cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD4 CTLs) are suggested to play a crucial role in inflammatory diseases, including cancer, but their characteristics in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unknown. Here, using the cell surface marker CD11b, we identify CD11bCD4 CTLs as a cytotoxic subset of CD4 T cells in multiple tissues of NSCLC patients. In addition, tumor-infiltrating CD11bCD4 CTLs show a dysfunctional phenotype with elevated expression of CD200 receptor (CD200R), a negatively immunomodulatory receptor.

Toxicity and potential underlying mechanism of Karenia selliformis to the fish Oryzias melastigma.

Karenia selliformis can produce toxins such as gymnodimines, and form microalgal blooms causing massive mortality of marine life such as fish and shellfish, and resulting in serious economic losses. However, there are a few of studies on the toxic effects of K. selliformis on marine organisms and the underlying mechanisms, and it is not clear whether the toxins produced by K.

Synthetic augmentation for semantic segmentation of class imbalanced biomedical images: A data pair generative adversarial network approach.

In recent years, deep learning (DL) has been recognized very useful in the semantic segmentation of biomedical images. Such an application, however, is significantly hindered by the lack of pixel-wise annotations. In this work, we propose a data pair generative adversarial network (DPGAN) for the purpose of synthesizing concurrently the diverse biomedical images and the segmentation labels from random latent vectors.

EVs delivery of miR-1915-3p improves the chemotherapeutic efficacy of oxaliplatin in colorectal cancer.

Purpose: Oxaliplatin is a crucial component of the combinatorial chemotherapeutic standard of care for advanced colorectal cancer (CRC). Unfortunately, a serious barrier to effective oxaliplatin treatment is drug resistance due to epithelial-mesenchymal transitioning (EMT). Interestingly, stable oxaliplatin-resistant CRC cell lines show differential expression of miR-1915-3p; thus, this microRNA may represent a potential modifier of oxaliplatin resistance in CRC cells.

MNL-Network: A Multi-Scale Non-local Network for Epilepsy Detection From EEG Signals.

Epilepsy is a prevalent neurological disorder that threatens human health in the world. The most commonly used method to detect epilepsy is using the electroencephalogram (EEG). However, epilepsy detection from the EEG is time-consuming and error-prone work because of the varying levels of experience we find in physicians.

Tape Casting of High-Performance Low-Temperature Solid Oxide Cells with Thin LaSrGaMgO Electrolytes and Impregnated Nano Anodes.

Low-temperature solid oxide cells (LT-SOCs), operating at 400 to 650 °C, have great potential for commercialization since they can provide lower cost and improved long-term durability. Low operating temperature can also enable high round-trip efficiency of SOCs as reversible energy storage devices. This paper describes SrLaTiO (SLT) anode supported LT-SOC with thin LaSrGaMgO (LSGM) electrolyte made by tape casting, with screen printed LaSrFeCoO (LSCF) cathode and impregnated Ni anode.