Targeted isolation of diketopiperazines from a deep-sea derived fungus with anti-neuroinflammatory effects.

Prenylated indole diketopiperazines represent a diverse array of alkaloids with complex chemical scaffolds and with a wide range of biological activities. Aiming to discover bioactive metabolites with structural novelty, genomic annotation in association with the MS/MS-based molecular networking demonstrated a deep-sea derived fungus Aspergillus puulaauensis F77 containing a profile of diketopiperazines. Targeted separation of the cultured fungus led to the isolation of 19 undescribed austamide-type diketopiperazines namely versicoines A-S.

VEGFB ameliorates insulin resistance in NAFLD via the PI3K/AKT signal pathway.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most universal liver diseases with complicated pathogenesis throughout the world. Insulin resistance is a leading risk factor that contributes to the development of NAFLD. Vascular endothelial growth factor B (VEGFB) was described by researchers as contributing to regulating lipid metabolic disorders.

Targeted isolation of sorbicilinoids from a deep-sea derived fungus with anti-neuroinflammatory activities.

A chemical fingerprinting approach utilizing LC-MS/MS coupled with 2D NMR data was established to characterize the profile of sorbicilinoid-type metabolites from a deep-sea derived fungus Penicillium rubens F54. Targeted isolation of the cultured fungus resulted in the discovery of 11 undescribed sorbicilinoids namely sorbicillinolides A-K (1-11). Their structures were identified by extensive analyses of the spectroscopic data, including the calculation of electronic circular dichroism and optical rotation for configurational assignments.

Endotoxin accelerates insulin amyloid formation and inactivates insulin signal transduction.

Aims And Objectives: The aim of this study is to discuss the influence of endotoxin on insulin amyloid formation, to provide guidance for therapeutic insulin preparation and storage.

Materials And Methods: The ThT and ANS binding assays were applied to characterize the dynamics curve of insulin amyloid formation with the presence or absence of endotoxin. The morphological structures of intermediate and mature insulin fibrils were observed with SEM and TEM.

Prenylated notoamide-type alkaloids isolated from the fungus Aspergillus sclerotiorum and their inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and antibacterial activities.

Notoamides are a family of prenylated indole alkaloids with unusual ring systems and possessing a range of significant pharmaceutical activities. Based on LC-MS/MS and genome orientations, ten undescribed notoamide-type alkaloids namely sclerotiamides I-R were isolated from a marine gorgonian-derived fungus Aspergillus sclerotiorum LZDX-33-4. Their structures were determined by extensive spectroscopic data, in association with ECD data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction for configurational assignments.

Sclerotiamides C-H, Notoamides from a Marine Gorgonian-Derived Fungus with Cytotoxic Activities.

Bioassay-guided fractionation in association with LC-MS and NMR detection led to the isolation of six new alkaloids, sclerotiamides C-H (-), from the marine gorgonian-derived fungus LZDX-33-4. Their structures were determined from extensive spectroscopic data, including ECD data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis for configurational assignments. Sclerotiamides C () and D () are notoamide-type alkaloids with the incorporation of a unique 2,2-diaminopropane unit, and sclerotiamides E () and F () are unprecedented notoamide hybrids with a new coumarin unit.

Epigenetic Manipulation to Trigger Production of Guaiane-Type Sesquiterpenes from a Marine-Derived sp. Fungus with Antineuroinflammatory Effects.

Epigenetic manipulation of a deep-sea sediment-derived sp. fungus using suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) induction resulted in the activation of a terpene-related biosynthetic gene cluster, and nine new guaiane-type sesquiterpenes, spiromaterpenes A-I (-), were isolated. Their structures were determined using various spectroscopic techniques, in association with the modified Mosher's method, computed electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra, and chemical conversion for configurational assignments.

The oxygenated products of cryptotanshinone by biotransformation with Cunninghamella elegans exerting anti-neuroinflammatory effects by inhibiting TLR 4-mediated MAPK signaling pathway.

Cryptotanshinone (1), a major bioactive constituent in the traditional Chinese medicinal herb Dan-Shen Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, has been reported to possess remarkable pharmacological activities. To improve its bioactivities and physicochemical properties, in the present study, cryptotanshinone (1) was biotransformed with the fungus Cunninghamella elegans AS3.2028.

Annular oxygenation and rearrangement products of cryptotanshinone by biotransformation with marine-derived fungi Cochliobolus lunatus and Aspergillus terreus.

Structural modification of natural products by biotransformation with fungi is an attractive tool to obtain novel bioactive derivatives. In the present study, cryptotanshinone (1), a quinoid abietane diterpene from traditional Chinese medicine Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen), was transformed by two marine-derived fungi. By using Cochliobolus lunatus TA26-46, one new oxygenated and rearranged product (2), containing a 5,6-dihydropyrano[4,3-b]chromene moiety, together with one known metabolite (10), were obtained from the converted broth of cryptotanshinone (1) with the isolated yields of 1.

Chitosan Oligosaccharides Attenuate Amyloid Formation of hIAPP and Protect Pancreatic β-Cells from Cytotoxicity.

The deposition of aggregated human islet amyloid polypeptide (hIAPP) in the pancreas, that has been associated with β-cell dysfunction, is one of the common pathological features of patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Therefore, hIAPP aggregation inhibitors hold a promising therapeutic schedule for T2D. Chitosan oligosaccharides (COS) have been reported to exhibit a potential antidiabetic effect, but the function of COS on hIAPP amyloid formation remains elusive.