Differentiating idiopathic Parkinson's disease from multiple system atrophy-P using brain MRI-based radiomics: a multicenter study.

Background: Differentiating idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) from multiple system atrophy-parkinsonian type (MSA-P) is essential for optimizing patient care and prognosis, given the differences in disease progression and treatment response.

Objectives: This study aimed to develop and evaluate a radiomics-based model using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-derived features to distinguish IPD from MSA-P.

Design: A multicenter retrospective study.

ApoE2 affects insulin signaling in the hippocampus and spatial cognition of aged mice in a sex-dependent manner.

Apolipoprotein E (APOE) has garnered significant attention as one of the most influential genetic risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD). While the pathogenic role of APOE4 in sporadic AD has been extensively studied, research on the protective effects of the APOE2 genotype and its underlying mechanisms remains limited. Additionally, the existence of sex differences in the protective effects of ApoE2 continues to be a topic of debate.

Diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space and quantitative susceptibility mapping in the diagnosis and severity assessment of Parkinson's disease.

Background: Increased iron accumulation measured by quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) has been observed in various brain regions, especially substantia nigra (SN), in Parkinson's disease (PD). Glymphatic dysfunction evaluated by diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS) in PD has also attracted much attention recently. This study aimed to compare and combine DTI-ALPS and QSM of SN in the diagnosis and severity assessment of PD.

The brain structure underlying the nonlinear association between early-life tobacco smoke exposure and the risk for cognitive decline and dementia in adulthood: a large prospective cohort study.

Background: The impacts of early-life tobacco smoke exposure, including exposure during pregnancy and the initiation of smoking during childhood and adolescence, on cognitive decline and the risk of dementia in later life have not been investigated.

Methods: We used data from the UK Biobank (UKB) to assess early-life tobacco exposure, including in utero exposure and the age at which smoking was initiated. Cox proportional-hazards regression models were employed to gauge the relationships between early-life tobacco smoke exposure and both the risk of cognitive decline and dementia in adulthood.

A new hereditary PROS1 gene mutation caused isolated cortical venous thrombosis.

Background: Protein S deficiency is a rare inherited disease. We report the case of a young man who unexpectedly developed isolated cortical vein thrombosis (ICoVT) associated with a novel PROS1 mutation.

Methods: Clinical symptoms were recorded, and physical examinations conducted.

Development and validation of prediction models for death within 6 months after cardiac arrest.

Background: Even in patients with a successful return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), outcomes after cardiac arrest (CA) remain poor, with some eventually succumbing after several months of treatment. There is a need for early assessment of outcomes in patients with ROSC after CA. Therefore, we developed three models for predicting death within 6 months after CA using early post-arrest factors, performed external validation, and compared their efficiency.

Assessing the impact of immersive virtual reality technology on the psychological recovery of patients with Parkinson's disease depression: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial.

Background And Aim: Depression in Parkinson's disease (DPD) has a high incidence rate among patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). It is a common nonmotor symptom of PD that seriously affects the quality of life of patients. Thus, improving DPD is important for improving the quality of life of patients.

Association of synuclein alpha () gene polymorphisms with spontaneous brain activity in patients with Parkinson's disease.

Background: The synuclein alpha () gene responsible for encoding alpha-synuclein, is believed to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the specific impact of gene single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on brain function in PD remains unclear. Therefore, this cross-sectional retrospective study, particularly through use of imaging analysis, aimed to characterize the relationship between gene SNPs and spontaneous brain activity in PD in order to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms underlying PD pathogenesis.

Daytime napping and the incidence of Parkinson's disease: a prospective cohort study with Mendelian randomization.

Background: The causal relationship between daytime napping and the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unclear, with prospective studies providing limited evidence. This study investigated the association between daytime napping frequency and duration and PD incidence and explored the causality relationship between this association by conducting Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.

Methods: This prospective cohort study included 393,302 participants, and accelerometer-measured daytime napping data were available only for 78,141 individuals.

Left corticospinal tract could be a biomarker to identify the dual prodromal LRRK2/GBA mutated Parkinson's disease.

Introduction: Prodromal Parkinson's disease (PD) carriers of dual leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) and glucosylceramidase β (GBA) variants are rare, and their biomarkers are less well developed.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the biomarkers for diagnosing the prodromal phase of LRRK2-GBA-PD (LRRK2-GBA-prodromal).

Methods: We assessed the clinical and whole-brain white matter microstructural characteristics of 54 prodromal PD carriers of dual LRRK2 (100% M239T) and GBA (95% N409S) variants, along with 76 healthy controls (HCs) from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative (PPMI) cohort.

Association of Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants With Cognitive Performance and Dementia Risk and the Mediating Role of Pulmonary Function: Evidence From the UK Biobank.

Background: The pathways by which air pollution affects cognition remain to be explored. This study aimed to explore how single air pollutants [including nitrogen oxide (NOX), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers (PM2.

Association of physical activity pattern and risk of Parkinson's disease.

Increasing evidence suggests an association between exercise duration and Parkinson's disease. However, no high-quality prospective evidence exists confirming whether differences exist between the two modes of exercise, weekend warrior and equal distribution of exercise duration, and Parkinson's risk. Hence, this study aimed to explore the association between different exercise patterns and Parkinson's risk using exercise data from the UK Biobank.

Early-life tobacco smoke exposure and stroke risk: a prospective study of 341,783 and 352,737 UK Biobank participants.

Introduction: Stroke is a life-threatening condition that causes a major medical burden globally. The currently used methods for the prevention or prediction of stroke have certain limitations. Exposure to tobacco in early life, including smoking during adolescence and maternal smoking during pregnancy, can affect adolescent development and lead to several negative outcomes.

Distance-based novelty detection model for identifying individuals at risk of developing Alzheimer's disease.

Introduction: Novelty detection (ND, also known as one-class classification) is a machine learning technique used to identify patterns that are typical of the majority class and can discriminate deviations as novelties. In the context of Alzheimer's disease (AD), ND could be employed to detect abnormal or atypical behavior that may indicate early signs of cognitive decline or the presence of the disease. To date, few research studies have used ND to discriminate the risk of developing AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from healthy controls (HC).

Biomimetic Nanovesicles as a Dual Gene Delivery System for the Synergistic Gene Therapy of Alzheimer's Disease.

The association between dysfunctional microglia and amyloid-β (Aβ) is a fundamental pathological event and increases the speed of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Additionally, the pathogenesis of AD is intricate and a single drug may not be enough to achieve a satisfactory therapeutic outcome. Herein, we reported a facile and effective gene therapy strategy for the modulation of microglia function and intervention of Aβ anabolism by ROS-responsive biomimetic exosome-liposome hybrid nanovesicles (designated as TSEL).

Associative role of as a protective factor for susceptibility and progression of Parkinson's disease: a Chinese cross-sectional and longitudinal study.

Background: Previous genome-wide association studies investigating the relationship between the and the risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) have shown limited racial diversity and have not explored clinical heterogeneity extensively.

Methods: The study consisted of three parts: a case-control study, a cross-sectional study, and a longitudinal cohort study. The case-control study included 477 PD patients and 477 healthy controls to explore the relationship between rs660895 and PD susceptibility.

Accelerated biological aging as potential mediator mediates the relationship between pro-inflammatory diets and the risk of depression and anxiety: A prospective analysis from the UK biobank.

Background: The relationship between inflammatory dietary patterns and the risk of depression/anxiety has not been clearly established due to differences in study populations, geographic regions, sex, and methods of calculating the inflammatory index.

Methods: We drew upon a prospective cohort in the UK Biobank and calculated the energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index (E-DII). The follow-up time was defined from the date of completing the last dietary survey questionnaire to the date of diagnosis of depression, anxiety, phobic anxiety, other types of anxiety, death, loss to follow-up, or the respective censoring dates for England (September 30, 2021), Scotland (July 31, 2021), and Wales (February 28, 2018).

Fish oil supplementation, physical activity and risk of incident Parkinson's disease: results of longitudinal analysis from the UK Biobank.

Objective: Evidence on the individual and combined relationship of physical activity (PA) and fish oil supplement use on the incidence of Parkinson's disease (PD) risk remains lacking.

Materials And Methods: This UK population-based prospective cohort study, involving 385,275 UK Biobank participants, collected PA and fish oil supplement data via touchscreen questionnaires. Using Cox proportional hazards models and restricted cubic splines to examined the associations between use of fish oil supplements, PA and PD risk.

Cortical thickness and white matter microstructure predict freezing of gait development in Parkinson's disease.

The clinical applications of the association of cortical thickness and white matter fiber with freezing of gait (FoG) are limited in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). In this retrospective study, using white matter fiber from diffusion-weighted imaging and cortical thickness from structural-weighted imaging of magnetic resonance imaging, we investigated whether a machine learning-based model can help assess the risk of FoG at the individual level in patients with PD. Data from the Parkinson's Disease Progression Marker Initiative database were used as the discovery cohort, whereas those from the Fujian Medical University Union Hospital Parkinson's Disease database were used as the external validation cohort.

Different impulse control disorder evolution patterns and white matter microstructural damage in the progression of Parkinson's disease.

Background: The course of impulse control disorders (ICD) varies in the early stage of Parkinson's disease (PD).

Aim: We aimed to delineate the association between the evolution pattern of ICD and the progression of PD.

Methods: A total of 321 PD patients from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative database were included.

Association between ethylene oxide levels and depressive symptoms: A cross-sectional study based on NHANES 2013-2018 database.

Background And Aim: Ethylene oxide (EO) is a commonly used compound with known health risks. However, the specific association between EO exposure and the development of depressive symptoms has not been well established. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the potential association between EO exposure, as indicated by hemoglobin adduct of ethylene oxide (HbEO) levels, and the occurrence of depressive symptoms.

Association between 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and cognitive impairment in older adults: a cross-sectional study from NHANES 2001-2002 and 2011-2014.

Background: 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) is reported to be the most widely used herbicide in home and garden environments, rendering it commonly encountered in daily life. Despite being ubiquitous, there is a scarcity of studies that have comprehensively assessed the relationship between 2,4-D exposure and cognition using multiple models.

Objective: To explore the association between 2,4-D exposure and cognition among older American people.

Corrigendum: Proteomic profiling reveals the potential mechanisms and regulatory targets of sirtuin 4 in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced Parkinson's mouse model.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.