Chinese guidelines for ultrasound-guided thermal ablation of thyroid nodules (2024 edition).

The Chinese guidelines for ultrasound-guided thermal ablation of thyroid nodules (2024 edition) were jointly initiated by the Ultrasound Committee of Chinese Medical Association, the Interventional Ultrasound Committee of Chinese Association of Ultrasound in Medicine and Engineering, the Ultrasonic Intervention Committee of Chinese Colleges of Interventionalists, and the Oncological Intervention Committee of Chinese Research Hospital Association; 37 multidisciplinary experts in interventional ultrasound, ultrasound medicine, endocrinology, and thyroid surgery participated in the compilation of this guide, which expanded the depth and breadth of the perspective and enhanced the authority of the guide. Based on the systematic review of literature related to ultrasound-guided thermal ablation of thyroid nodules and the professional opinions of experts, the guidelines define the indications and contraindications of thermal ablation, including pre-ablation evaluation and preparation, thermal ablation techniques and operational procedures, post-ablation follow-up, therapeutic effect evaluation, complication prevention and treatment, and the writing of medical documents for ablation. According to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE), a total of 17 objective and comprehensive recommendations were given.

Exploring heparin's protective mechanism against AGEs induced endothelial injury.

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in diabetes can cause endothelial damage. Heparin, widely known as a recognized anticoagulant, is also a multifunctional therapeutic drug. This study investigated whether heparin could ameliorate AGEs-induced endothelial injury.

Integrated Review of Transcriptomic and Proteomic Studies to Understand Molecular Mechanisms of Rice's Response to Environmental Stresses.

Rice ( L.) is grown nearly worldwide and is a staple food for more than half of the world's population. With the rise in extreme weather and climate events, there is an urgent need to decode the complex mechanisms of rice's response to environmental stress and to breed high-yield, high-quality and stress-resistant varieties.

Pharmacokinetic Interactions Between Tegoprazan and the Combination of Clarithromycin, Amoxicillin and Bismuth in Healthy Chinese Subjects: An Open-Label, Single-Center, Multiple-Dosage, Self-Controlled, Phase I Trial.

Background: Tegoprazan is a potassium-competitive acid blocker that inhibits gastric acid and which may be used for eradicating Helicobacter pylori. This study focuses on the pharmacokinetic interaction and safety between tegoprazan and the combination of clarithromycin, amoxicillin and bismuth in healthy Chinese subjects.

Methods: An open-label, three-period, single-center, multiple-dosage, single-sequence, phase I trial was conducted in 22 healthy subjects.

20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma by suppressing angiogenesis and the GPC3-mediated Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway.

20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2 has significant anti-tumor effects in various types of cancers, including human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, its molecular targets and mechanisms of action remain largely unknown. Here, we aim to elucidate the potential mechanisms by which Rh2 suppresses HCC growth.

Characterization of Mutants Reveal Novel Roles for Reactive Oxygen Species in Modulating Not Only Root Gravitropism but Also Hypoxia Tolerance in Rice Seedlings.

Tolerance to submergence-induced hypoxia is an important agronomic trait especially for crops in lowland and flooding-affected areas. Although rice () is considered a flood-tolerant crop, only limited cultivars display strong tolerance to prolonged submergence and/or hypoxic stress. Therefore, characterization of hypoxic resistant genes and/or germplasms have important theoretical and practical significance for rice breeding and sustained improvements.

Serum-based Comprehensive -Glycans Profiling Analysis in Different Gastric Disease Stages by Porous Graphitic Carbon Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Associated With Potential Marker Discovery.

Background/aim: N-glycans are potential serum biomarkers due to their aberrant structure and abundance alteration during disease progression. Few studies have been associated with relative quantitative N-glycans profiling during different gastric disease stages. In this study, we conducted an investigation on the profiling of N-glycans in patients with gastric disease, as well as in healthy controls.

AND () Encoding a Cellulose Synthase-like Protein D4 (OsCSLD4) Is an Important Regulator for Plant Architecture and Organ Size in Rice.

Plant architecture and organ size are considered as important traits in crop breeding and germplasm improvement. Although several factors affecting plant architecture and organ size have been identified in rice, the genetic and regulatory mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Here, we identified and characterized the () mutant in rice (), which exhibits narrow and rolled leaf, reductions in plant height, root length, and grain width, and other morphological defects.

Silicon-Carbon Dots-Loaded Mesoporous Silica Nanocomposites (mSiO@SiCDs): An Efficient Dual Inhibitor of Cu-Mediated Oxidative Stress and Aβ Aggregation for Alzheimer's Disease.

The redox-active metal ions, especially Cu, are highly correlated to Alzheimer's disease (AD) by causing metal ion-mediated oxidative stress and toxic metal-bound β-amyloid (Aβ) aggregates. Numerous pieces of evidence have revealed that the regulation of metal homeostasis could be an effective therapeutic strategy for AD. Herein, in virtue of the interaction of both amino-containing silane and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt for Cu, the silicon-carbon dots (SiCDs) are deliberately prepared using these two raw materials as the cocarbon source; meanwhile, to realize the local enrichment of SiCDs and further maximize the chelating ability to Cu, the SiCDs are feasibly loaded to the biocompatible mesoporous silica nanoparticles (mSiO) with the interaction between residual silane groups on SiCDs and silanol groups of mSiO.

Age-Dependent Female Survival Advantage in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

Background & Aims: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a higher incidence in males, but the association of sex with survival remains controversial. This study aimed to examine the effect of sex on HCC survival and its association with age.

Methods: Among 33,238 patients with HCC from 12 Chinese tertiary hospitals, 4175 patients who underwent curative-intent hepatectomy or ablation were analyzed.

Safety and efficacy of microwave ablation for the treatment of low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma: a prospective multicenter study.

Objectives: To assess the safety and efficacy of ultrasound-guided thermal ablation for low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC) via a prospective multicenter study.

Methods: From January 2017 through June 2021, low-risk PTMC patients were screened. The management details of active surveillance (AS), surgery, and thermal ablation were discussed.

Advances in understanding the role and mechanisms of tumor stem cells in HER2-positive breast cancer treatment resistance (Review).

Approximately 15-20% of breast carcinomas exhibit human epidermal growth factor receptor (HER2) protein overexpression. HER2-positive breast cancer (BC) is a heterogeneous and aggressive subtype with poor prognosis and high relapse risk. Although several anti-HER2 drugs have achieved substantial efficacy, certain patients with HER2-positive BC relapse due to drug resistance after a treatment period.

Congo Red-Derived Carbon Dots: Simultaneously as Fluorescence Probe for Protein Aggregates, Inhibitor for Protein Aggregation, and Scavenger of Free Radicals.

The pathological aggregation of some proteins is claimed to be highly related to several human diseases, such as β-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ ) to Alzheimer's disease (AD), islet amyloid polypeptide, and insulin to type 2 diabetes mellitus. Therefore, it is in desperate need to develop effective methods for detection of protein aggregates and inhibition of abnormal aggregation. Herein, to construct all-in-one probe with both diagnosis and treatment potentials for protein aggregation diseases, Congo red (CR), a classical staining reagent with red fluorescence signal output for protein aggregates, is deliberately adopted to react with three different reductive carbon sources and ammonium persulfate to generate three CR-derived carbon dots (CDs).

FHL3 promotes the formation of fast glycolytic muscle fibers by interacting with YY1 and muscle glycolytic metabolism.

The proportions of the various muscle fiber types are important in the regulation of skeletal muscle metabolism, as well as animal meat production. Four-and-a-half LIM domain protein 3 (FHL3) is highly expressed in fast glycolytic muscle fibers and differentially regulates the expression of myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms at the cellular level. Whether FHL3 regulates the transformation of muscle fiber types in vivo and the regulatory mechanism is unclear.

Advances in Understanding the Roles of Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Lung Cancer.

Lung cancer is the most common and deadliest type of cancer worldwide. Research concerning lung cancer has made considerable progress in recent decades, but lung cancer remains the leading cause of malignancy-related mortality rate. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) mainly exist in fat, umbilical cord blood, bone marrow, bone, and muscle.

Quantitative Proteomics and Functional Characterization Reveal That Glutathione Peroxidases Act as Important Antioxidant Regulators in Mulberry Response to Drought Stress.

Mulberry ( L.) has been an economically important food crop for the domesticated silkworm, , in China for more than 5000 years. However, little is known about the mechanism underlying mulberry response to environmental stress.

Deep learning-based relapse prediction of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder with anti-aquaporin-4 antibody.

Objective: We previously identified the independent predictors of recurrent relapse in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with anti-aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-ab) and designed a nomogram to estimate the 1- and 2-year relapse-free probability, using the Cox proportional hazard (Cox-PH) model, assuming that the risk of relapse had a linear correlation with clinical variables. However, whether the linear assumption fits real disease tragedy is unknown. We aimed to employ deep learning and machine learning to develop a novel prediction model of relapse in patients with NMOSD and compare the performance with the conventional Cox-PH model.

Period-Dependent Survival Benefit of Percutaneous Microwave Ablation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A 12-Year Real-World, Multicentric Experience.

Introduction: Although microwave ablation (MWA) is a promising technique for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) treatment, its 10-year efficacy is unknown.

Objective: The objective of the study was to assess whether the advances in MWA for HCC translated into a real-world survival benefit.

Methods: This retrospective study included 2,354 patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage 0 to B from 5 hospitals, with at least 2 years of follow-up for all the patients.

Comparative Effectiveness of Robot-Assisted Training Versus Enhanced Upper Extremity Therapy on Upper and Lower Extremity for Stroke Survivors: A Multicentre Randomized Controlled Trial.

Objective: Robot-assisted neuro-rehabilitation therapy plays a central role in upper extremity recovery of stroke. However, the efficacy of robotic training on the upper extremity is not yet well defined, and little attention has been devoted to its potential effect on the lower extremity. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of robot-assisted training and therapist-mediated enhanced upper extremity therapy on the upper and lower extremities.

Comparative Genomic Analysis of Two pv. Strains Isolated From Low Land and High Mountain Paddies in Guangxi, China.

pv. textitoryzae () is a causal agent of rice bacterial leaf blight (BLB), the major rice disease, which is seriously constraining rice production in Asia. The interaction between and rice is in a dynamic process, essentially the co-evolution.

Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder With Anti-Aquaporin-4 Antibody: Outcome Prediction Models.

Background: Recognizing the predictors of disease relapses in patients with anti-aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-ab)-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is essential for individualized treatment strategy. We aimed to identify the factors that predicted relapses among patients with AQP4-ab-positive NMOSD, develop outcome prediction models, and validate them in a multicenter validation cohort.

Methods: Between January 2015 and December 2020, 820 patients with NMOSD were registered at Huashan Hospital.

Efficacy and safety of azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, and reduced dose of rituximab in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder.

Background And Purpose: Data regarding the efficacy and safety of currently widely available preventive therapies in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are needed. We compared the efficacy and safety of azathioprine (AZA), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and reduced dose of rituximab (RTX) in NMOSD based on a large multicenter retrospective cohort.

Methods: Patients with aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibody-positive NMOSD with AZA (n = 167), MMF (n = 131), or RTX (n = 55) as initial preventive treatment were included.

Efficacy and safety of rehabilitation exercise in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder during the acute phase: A prospective cohort study.

Background: Rehabilitation treatment may alleviate the disease severity of patients with NMOSD. The reports of rehabilitation exercise for NMOSD during acute phase are rare.

Objective: To explore the efficacy and safety of rehabilitation exercise in patients with NMOSD during acute phase.

Recent developments in the removal of metal-based engineered nanoparticles from the aquatic environments by adsorption.

Nowadays, metal-based engineered nanoparticles (m-ENPs) are ubiquitous in aquatic environments for their wide applications in all walks of life. m-ENPs have been demonstrated to exert ecotoxicity, cytotoxicity and genotoxicity towards organisms and even humans. Therefore, the removal of m-ENPs from water has recently become a hot global concerned issue.