Sessile Serrated Lesions: Searching for the True Prevalence and Risk Factors in China.

Background/aims: Growing recognition identifies sessile serrated lesions (SSL) as colorectal cancer (CRC) precursors. However, the SSL detection rate remains debatable and lacks a definitive consensus. Additionally, understanding the influencing factors in SSL development is limited.

Improved and Interpretable Prediction of Cytochrome P450-Mediated Metabolism by Molecule-Level Graph Modeling and Subgraph Information Bottlenecks.

Accurately identifying sites of metabolism (SoM) mediated by cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, which are responsible for drug metabolism in the body, is critical in the early stage of drug discovery and development. Current computational methods for CYP-mediated SoM prediction face several challenges, including limitations to traditional machine learning models at the atomic level, heavy reliance on complex feature engineering, and the lack of interpretability relevant to medicinal chemistry. Here, we propose GraphCySoM, a novel molecule-level modeling approach based on graph neural networks, utilizing lightweight features and interpretable annotations on substructures, to effectively and interpretably predict CYP-mediated SoM.

Smartphone-enabled colorimetric immunoassay for deoxynivalenol based on Mn-mediated aggregation of AuNPs.

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a common mycotoxin in food that mainly pollutes grain crops and feeds, such as barley, wheat and corn. DON has caused widespread concern in the field of food and feed safety. In this study, a colorimetric immunoassay was proposed based on the aggregation of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) due to the decomposition of Mn from gold-coated manganese dioxide (AuNP@MnO) nanosheets.

LncRNA PCED1B-AS1 mediates miR-3681-3p/MAP2K7 axis to promote metastasis, invasion and EMT in gastric cancer.

Background: LncRNA PCED1B-AS1 is abnormally expressed in multiple cancers and has been confirmed as an oncogene. Our study aimed to investigate the regulatory mechanism of lncRNA PCED1B-AS1 in gastric cancer.

Methods: TCGA database was used to analyze the abnormal expression of lncRNA PCED1B-AS1 in gastric cancer.

Artificial intelligence-assisted system for the assessment of Forrest classification of peptic ulcer bleeding: a multicenter diagnostic study.

Background: Inaccurate Forrest classification may significantly affect clinical outcomes, especially in high risk patients. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a real-time deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) system to assess the Forrest classification of peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB).

Methods: A training dataset (3868 endoscopic images) and an internal validation dataset (834 images) were retrospectively collected from the 900th Hospital, Fuzhou, China.

Artificial intelligence-aided diagnostic imaging: A state-of-the-art technique in precancerous screening.

Background And Aim: Chromoendoscopy with the use of indigo carmine (IC) dye is a crucial endoscopic technique to identify gastrointestinal neoplasms. However, its performance is limited by the endoscopist's skill, and no standards are available for lesion identification. Thus, we developed an artificial intelligence (AI) model to replace chromoendoscopy.

Immunosuppressive Ability of Trichinella spiralis Adults Can Ameliorate Type 2 Inflammation in a Murine Allergy Model.

Background: There is an increase in the global incidence of allergies. The hygiene hypothesis and the old friend hypothesis reveal that helminths are associated with the prevalence of allergic diseases. The therapeutic potential of Trichinella spiralis is recognized; however, the stage at which it exerts its immunomodulatory effect is unclear.

Eimeria granulosa causes spots visible through the serous membrane of small intestine in sheep.

Coccidiosis, also known as Eimeriosis, is a highly prevalent parasitic disease affecting sheep in nearly all sheep-rearing nations across the globe. Currently, there is a scarcity of literature documenting the specific lesions in sheep resulting from coccidia infection. This study aimed to investigate these characteristic lesions through necropsy, microscopic observation, and molecular biological techniques.

m6A-related lncRNAs predict prognosis and indicate cell cycle in gastric cancer.

N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is a common epigenetic methylation modification of RNA, which plays an important role in gastric carcinogenesis and progression by regulating long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). This study is aimed to investigate the potential prognostic signatures of m6A -related lncRNAs in STAD. The m6A-related lncRNAs with the most significant impact on gastric cancer prognosis in the TCGA database were identified by bioinformatics and machine learning methods.

TACC diagnosed by transoesophageal endoscopic ultrasonography: A case report.

Background: Primary adenoid cystic carcinoma in the trachea (TACC) is a rare tumour. Tracheal bronchoscopy is always chosen as a routine approach to obtain a pathological diagnosis, but it can be associated with an increased risk of asphyxia.

Case Summary: We describe a case of TACC in a patient evaluated by chest computed tomography (CT) with three-dimensional reconstruction imaging and diagnosed by transoesophageal endoscopic ultrasonography.

The continuing discovery on the evidence for RNA editing in SARS-CoV-2.

Recent studies have presented strong evidence that C-to-U RNA editing is the driving force that fuels severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) evolution. The findings finally ended the long-term debate on the evolutionary driving force behind SARS-CoV-2 evolution. Here, we would first acknowledge the breakthroughs made by the recent works, such as using the global SARS-CoV-2 data to demonstrate the major mutation source of this virus.

A mucosal recovery software tool for endoscopic submucosal dissection in early gastric cancer.

Background: Due to the limited diagnostic ability, the low detection rate of early gastric cancer (EGC) is a serious health threat. The establishment of the mapping between endoscopic images and pathological images can rapidly improve the diagnostic ability to detect EGC. To expedite the learning process of EGC diagnosis, a mucosal recovery map for the mapping between ESD mucosa specimen and pathological images should be performed in collaboration with endoscopists and pathologists, which is a time-consuming and laborious work.

The influences of timing of urgent endoscopy in patients with acute variceal bleeding: a cohort study.

Background: There has always been a debate on the optimal timing of endoscopy in patients with acute variceal bleeding (AVB).

Objective: This study aimed to examine the relation between the timing of endoscopy and the short-term outcomes of patients with AVB.

Methods: Patients with AVB who underwent endoscopy within 24 h after admission at our tertiary care center from 2014 to 2022 were evaluated retrospectively.

Superficial Flat-Type Early-Stage Gastric Signet Ring Cell Carcinoma in the Atrophic Background Mucosa: Two Case Reports.

Objectives: Gastric signet ring cell carcinoma is a rare and highly malignant adenocarcinoma, which is characterized by early metastasis, rapid progression and poor prognosis. Several studies have shown that early-stage gastric signet ring cell carcinoma may have equal or better prognosis than other types of gastric cancer. However, most of the early-stage lesions are difficult to detect by endoscopy.

A New Preparation Method for Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy in Patients with Achalasia Can Effectively Reduce the Esophageal Residual Contents: A Comparative Retrospective Study.

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 65 achalasia patients who underwent POEM from June 2017 to October 2021. Based on the preoperative diet strategies, patients were divided into carbonated beverage group ( = 48) and control group ( = 17). Demographic and clinical data, duration of preoperative endoscopy, quality of esophagus cleansing, and patient satisfaction on preoperative procedure were collected and compared.

Novel endoscopic tangential sawing technique in treatment of giant gastric bezoars: a retrospective single-center study (with video).

Background And Aims: The current methods for treatment of giant gastric bezoars mainly include chemical dissolution, endoscopic fragmentation, and surgical removal, which often have limited curative effects or generate multiple adverse events. Therefore, there is an urgent need to find new methods to overcome such a dilemma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and feasibility of a novel guidewire-based tangential sawing fragmentation (GTSF) technique to treat giant gastric bezoars.

Exploration of endoscopic findings and risk factors of early gastric cancer after eradication of .

Aim: To explore the endoscopic features and risk factors of early gastric cancer (EGC) after eradication of ().

Methods: A total of 1961 patients who underwent esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD) with a history of successful eradication were enrolled in this multicenter research. Among them, 162 EGC lesions of 132 patients were detected.

A deep learning-based system for identifying differentiation status and delineating the margins of early gastric cancer in magnifying narrow-band imaging endoscopy.

BACKGROUND : Accurate identification of the differentiation status and margins for early gastric cancer (EGC) is critical for determining the surgical strategy and achieving curative resection in EGC patients. The aim of this study was to develop a real-time system to accurately identify differentiation status and delineate the margins of EGC on magnifying narrow-band imaging (ME-NBI) endoscopy. METHODS : 2217 images from 145 EGC patients and 1870 images from 139 EGC patients were retrospectively collected to train and test the first convolutional neural network (CNN1) to identify EGC differentiation status.

A Brief Review of the Shape Memory Phenomena in Polymers and Their Typical Sensor Applications.

In this brief review, an introduction of the underlying mechanisms for the shape memory effect (SME) and various shape memory phenomena in polymers is presented first. After that, a summary of typical applications in sensors based on either heating or wetting activated shape recovery using largely commercial engineering polymers, which are programmed by means of in-plane pre-deformation (load applied in the length/width direction) or out-of-plane pre-deformation (load applied in the thickness direction), is presented. As demonstrated by a number of examples, many low-cost engineering polymers are well suited to, for instance, anti-counterfeit and over-heating/wetting monitoring applications via visual sensation and/or tactual sensation, and many existing technologies and products (e.

The effect of electrical stimulation on cortical cells in 3D nanofibrous scaffolds.

Cellular behaviors are significantly affected by cellular microenvironment, including mechanical supports, electrical and chemical cues, Three dimensional conductive nanofibers (3D-CNFs) provide the capability to regulate cellular behaviors using mechanical, geometrical and electrical cues together, which are especially important in neural tissue engineering. However, very few studies were conducted to address combined effects of 3D nanofibrous scaffolds and electrical stimulation (ES) on cortical cell cultures. In the present study, polypyrrole (PPy)-coated electrospun polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers with a 3D structure were successfully prepared for the cortical cell culture, which was compared to cells cultured in the 2D-CNFs meshes, as well as that in the bare PAN nanofibers, both in 2D and 3D.

Fabrication and Characterization of Three-Dimensional (3D) Core-Shell Structure Nanofibers Designed for 3D Dynamic Cell Culture.

Three-dimensional elastic nanofibers (3D eNFs) can offer a suitable 3D dynamic microenvironment and sufficient flexibility to regulate cellular behavior and functional protein expression. In this study, we report a novel approach to prepare 3D nanofibers with excellent mechanical properties by solution-assisted electrospinning technology and in situ polymerization. The obtained 3D eNFs demonstrated excellent biocompatible properties to meet cell culture requirements under a dynamic environment in vitro.

Synergistic Effects of Conductive Three-Dimensional Nanofibrous Microenvironments and Electrical Stimulation on the Viability and Proliferation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

In recent years, three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds have proven to be highly advantageous in mammalian cell culture and tissue engineering compared to 2D substrates. Herein, we demonstrated the fabrication of novel 3D core-shell nanofibers (3D-CSNFs) using an improved electrospinning process combined with in situ surface polymerization. The obtained 3D nanofibrous scaffold displayed excellent mechanical and electrical properties.

Risk factors for predicting early variceal rebleeding after endoscopic variceal ligation.

Aim: To analyze the clinical risk factors for early variceal rebleeding after endoscopic variceal ligation (EVL).

Methods: 342 cirrhotic patients with esophageal varices who received elective EVL to prevent bleeding or rebleeding at our endoscopy center between January 2005 and July 2010. were included in this study.

Endoscopic nasojejunal feeding tube placement in patients with severe hepatopancreatobiliary diseases: a retrospective study of 184 patients.

Background: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has been recognized as the mainstay of nutritional support in patients with severe hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) diseases for decades. However, recent studies advocate the utilization of endoscopic nasojejunal feeding tube placement (ENFTP), rather than the conventional approach. This study was designed to compare the clinical value of ENFTP and TPN in patients with severe HPB diseases.