Metformin Ameliorates Chronic Colitis-Related Intestinal Fibrosis Inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad3 Signaling.

Intestinal fibrosis is considered to be a chronic complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and seriously threatening human health. Effective medical therapies or preventive measures are desirable but currently unavailable. Metformin has been proved to have a satisfactory anti-inflammatory effects in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients.

Elevated Levels of Circulating Biomarkers Related to Leaky Gut Syndrome and Bacterial Translocation Are Associated With Graves' Disease.

Background: A growing number of studies have found dysbiosis of the intestinal microbiota in patients with Graves' disease (GD). The intestinal epithelial barrier serves as the first line of defense, protecting the immune system from excessive stimulation of microbiota and toxins. Most autoimmune diseases are associated with a gut barrier dysfunction (leaky gut) which allows bacterial translocation.

The enhancement of iron fuel cell on bio-cathode denitrification and its mechanism as well as the microbial community analysis of bio-cathode.

To address the issue of insufficient electrons during denitrification, an iron fuel cell (IFC) bioreactor using iron as abiotic anode was designed. The nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) of IFC (2.54 ± 0.

Effect of air-exposed biocathode on the performance of a Thauera-dominated membraneless single-chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC).

To investigate the effect of air-exposed biocathode (AEB) on the performance of single-chamber microbial fuel cell (SCMFC), wastewater quality, bioelectrochemical characteristics and the electrode biofilms were researched. It was demonstrated that exposing the biocathode to air was beneficial to nitrogen removal and current generation. In Test 1 of 95% AEB, removal rates of ammonia, total nitrogen (TN) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) reached 99.

Simultaneous efficient removal of oxyfluorfen with electricity generation in a microbial fuel cell and its microbial community analysis.

The performance of a microbial fuel cell (MFC) to degrade oxyfluorfen was investigated. Approximately 77% of 50 mg/L oxyfluorfen was degraded within 24 h by anodic biofilm. The temperature, pH, and initial oxyfluorfen concentration had a significant effect on oxyfluorfen degrading, and a maximum degradation rate of 94.