Large-scale conformal synthesis of one-dimensional MAX phases.

MAX phases, a unique class of layered ternary compounds, along with their two-dimensional derivatives, MXenes, have drawn considerable attention in many fields. Notably, their one-dimensional (1D) counterpart exhibits more distinct properties and enhanced assemblability for broader applications. We propose a conformal synthetic route for 1D-MAX phases fabrication by integrating additional atoms into nanofibers template within a molten salt environment, enabling in-situ crystalline transformation.

In Situ MXene Anchored Structure for Highly Durable Solar Steam Generation.

As a promising fresh water harvesting technology, interfacial solar steam generation has attracted growing interest. Efficient solar absorption and long-term operational performance are critical requirements of this technology. However, developing robust evaporators to promote practical applications under extreme conditions is still a grand challenge.

Mixed-Dimensional van der Waals Heterostructures for Boosting Electricity Generation.

The emerging technology of harvesting environmental energy using hydrovoltaic devices enriches the conversion forms of renewable energy. It provides more concepts for power supply in micro/nano systems, and hydrovoltaic technology with high performance, usability, and integration is essential for achieving sustainable green energy. Comparing the discovery of multiscale nanomaterials, working layers with innovative microstructures have gradually become the dominant trend in the construction of graphene-based hydrovoltaic devices.

Interface Engineering of a TiO Nanofibrous Membrane for Efficient Solar-Driven Evaporation.

Solar-driven interfacial evaporation provides a feasible and sustainable way to solve the fresh water shortage using abundant solar energy and has recently attracted considerable attention. However, it has been limited by the evaporation rate and solar-heat conversion efficiency of the current materials. Herein, a novel TiO membrane with synergetic photothermal and electrothermal effects was developed using a straightforward in situ approach.

Gradient Titanium Oxide Nanowire Film: a Multifunctional Solar Energy Utilization Platform for High-Salinity Organic Sewage Treatment.

The treatment of high salt organic sewage is considered to be a high energy consumption process, and it is difficult to degrade organic matter and separate salt and water simultaneously. In this study, a gradient structure titanium oxide nanowire film is developed, which can realize the thorough treatment of sewage under sunlight. Among the film, part TiO has enhanced photocatalytic properties and can completely degrade 0.

Enhanced Electricity Generation from Graphene Microfluidic Channels for Self-Powered Flexible Sensors.

As a novel energy harvesting method, generating electricity from the interaction of liquid-solid interface has attracted growing interest. Although several functional materials have been carried out to improve the performance of the flow-induced hydrovoltaic generators, there are few reports on influencing the droplet flow behavior to excavate its electricity generation by governing the device structure. Here, the output performance of the graphene microfluidic channel (GMC) structure is ∼13 times higher than that of the flat-open space graphene morphology.

Long-Term Telbivudine Treatment Results in Resolution of Liver Inflammation and Fibrosis in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B.

Introduction: The long-term goal of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) treatment is improvement of liver disease and prevention of cirrhosis. The aim of this study was to assess whether prolonged telbivudine treatment improves liver inflammation and fibrosis. The primary objective was to evaluate the proportion of patients with absence/minimal inflammation (Knodell necroinflammatory score ≤3) on liver biopsy at Year 5.

Kinetics and prediction of HBsAg loss during long-term therapy with nucleos(t)ide analogues of different potency in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Background & Aims: About 350-400 million people are infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) chronically and 1 million people die of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver diseases. Nucleos(t)ide analogues (NAs) have been used for the treatment against HBV. However, few studies have investigated the long-term effects of different nucleos(t)ide analogues on levels of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB).

Kinetics of serum HBsAg in Chinese patients with chronic HBV infection with long-term adefovir dipivoxil treatment.

Background: Knowledge on Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) kinetics in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients with long-term adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) treatment is limited. The aims of this study were to investigate HBsAg kinetics in patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection treated with long-term ADV and to evaluate different characteristics between patients with and without HBsAg loss.

Methods: We retrospectively evaluated HBsAg kinetics in 24 Chinese patients with chronic HBV infection who achieved continuous virologic suppression during ADV therapy.

Two-year results of a randomized, phase III comparative trial of telbivudine versus lamivudine in Chinese patients.

Purpose: The burden of chronic hepatitis B infection is high in China, where prevalence exceeds 7 %. This was a randomized, double-blinded, phase III study of the efficacy and safety of telbivudine and lamivudine treatment at 104 weeks in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B.

Methods: Hepatitis B e antigen-positive (n = 290) and -negative (n = 42) adults with nucleoside analog-naïve compensated chronic hepatitis B were randomized to receive telbivudine 600 mg/day or lamivudine 100 mg/day for 104 weeks.

[An acute norovirus gastroenteritis outbreak in a hospital].

Objective: To investigate and analyze a case of acute norovirus gastroenteritis outbreak in a hospital.

Methods: Data were collected through the on-the-spot investigation and faecal specimens were tested by polymerase chain reaction-reverse transcription (RT-PCR). Serum specimens were tested by Western blot.

[Clinical features and prognosis of decompensated hepatitis C virus related cirrhosis].

Objective: To study the clinical features and prognosis of hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related cirrhosis after the first occurrence of complications.

Methods: The clinical data of 89 decompensated HCV-related cirrhosis patients were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analyses of the factors influencing the clinical decompensation were conducted.

Telbivudine versus lamivudine in Chinese patients with chronic hepatitis B: Results at 1 year of a randomized, double-blind trial.

Unlabelled: Chronic hepatitis B and its life-threatening sequelae are highly prevalent in China. There is a need for effective new therapies to suppress hepatitis B virus (HBV) replication and ameliorate liver disease. In this study, we compared the efficacy of telbivudine, a nucleoside analogue, with lamivudine in Chinese patients.

[The histopathologic and clinical analysis of viral chronic hepatitis patients with negative serological viral markers].

Objective: To analyze the histopathological and clinical features of viral chronic hepatitis patients with negative serological viral markers.

Methods: 62 hepatitis patients with negative serological markers were assayed with serological viral hepatitis markers, liver function test and liver biopsies were enrolled in the study. Serum HBV DNA of HBV cases was analyzed by PCR.

[The degree of HBV suppression with 24 week telbivudine- or lamivudine-treatment in hepatitis B patients predicts the efficacy of the treatment at week 52].

Objectives: To investigate the possibilities of an association between the degrees of HBV suppression with nucleoside treatments at week 24 and week 52 in hepatitis B patients and to find a useful predictor for treatment efficacy.

Methods: In this phase III, double-blind, multicenter trial, we compared the efficacy of telbivudine treatment with lamivudine treatment in 332 Chinese compensated chronic hepatitis B patients. The patients were randomly assigned to a daily 600 mg telbivudine treatment group or daily 100 mg lamivudine group for 24 weeks.

[Dynamic expression of hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA in 2.2.15 cell].

Background: To determine the presence of covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), and to investigate the expression kinetics of HBV DNA, HBsAg and HBeAg in 2.2.15 cell.

[Serum HBV-DNA level can predict treatment effectiveness in patients with chronic hepatitis B using interferon-alpha-2a].

Objective: To evaluate the correlation between the efficacy of interferon-alpha-2a and the kinetics of viral load in serum.

Methods: The authors conducted a trial including 58 patients with chronic hepatitis B. Patients were treated with interferon-alpha-2a three times a week for 6 months.

[Inhibition of hepatitis C virus gene expression by antisense nucleotide in vitro].

Objective: To study the mechanism of hepatitis C virus (HCV) gene regulation and the inhibitory effect of antisense RNA on HCV gene expression in vitro.

Methods: The hepatoblastoma cell line (HepG2) was co-transfected by recombinant plasmid of antisense RNA complementary to HCV 5' untranslated region (5'UTR)and HCV 5' UTR Directed luciferase (luc) gene expression recombinant plasmid. Meanwhile a reversed HCV 5'UTR recombinant plasmid which can not transcribe as antisense RNA in the cell and a recombinant plasmid in which the luc was regulated by simian virus 40 (sv40) 5'UTR were used as controls respectively.

[Effects of oxymatrine on serum levels of Th1/Th2 type cytokines in HBsAg transgenic mice].

Objective: To explore the effects of oxymatrine on serum levels of Th1/Th2 cytokines in HBsAg transgenic mice.

Methods: HBsAg transgenic mice were divided into oxymatrine group and control group. Each mouse was injected with either oxymatrine 200 mg/kg 0.

Cost of chronic hepatitis B infection in China.

Goals: The objective of this study was to estimate the direct medical costs associated with the treatment of chronic hepatitis B (CHB) infection and its complications in China.

Background: CHB infection is a major health problem in China, with an estimated 112 million chronic carriers. However, the economic burden associated with CHB and its complications has not been well characterized.

[A clinical study of the efficacy and safety of secretory human interferon alpha-2a treatment for chronic hepatitis B].

Objective: To investigate the efficacy and safety of secreted interferon in treatment of chronic hepatitis B.

Methods: A multi-center randomized open-label controlled clinical trial was carried out. The patients of the study group were treated by secretory human interferon alpha-2a, and the patients of the control group were treated with an ordinary interferon.

Promoting hepatic growth factor in the treatment of heavy type hepatitis and severe chronic hepatitis: a multicenter clinical study.

Background: The mortality rate of heavy type hepatitis is high. No special treatment is available except general treatment. This multicenter clinical study was designed to observe the safety and efficacy of promoting hepatic growth factor (PHGF) in the treatment of heavy type hepatitis and severe chronic hepatitis.