Robust CRISPR/Mb2Cas12a genome editing tools in cotton plants.

The efficiency and accuracy of the CRISPR/Mb2Cas12a system were demonstrated in cotton, achieving an efficiency of over 90% at target sites. Notably, Mb2Cas12a exhibited significant tolerance under different temperatures ranging from 22°C to 32°C. Additionally, the Mb2Cas12a system revealed effective editing at more relaxed VTTV PAM sites in the cotton genome, which expanded the genome editing range by approximately 2.

Regulatory controls of duplicated gene expression during fiber development in allotetraploid cotton.

Polyploidy complicates transcriptional regulation and increases phenotypic diversity in organisms. The dynamics of genetic regulation of gene expression between coresident subgenomes in polyploids remains to be understood. Here we document the genetic regulation of fiber development in allotetraploid cotton Gossypium hirsutum by sequencing 376 genomes and 2,215 time-series transcriptomes.

Genome and haplotype provide insights into the population differentiation and breeding improvement of Gossypium barbadense.

Introduction: Sea-island cotton (Gossypium barbadense, Gb) is one of the major sources of high-grade natural fiber. Besides the common annual Gb cotton, perennial Gb cotton is also cultivated, but studies on perennial Gb cotton are rare.

Objectives: We aimed to make a systematic analysis of perennial sea-island cotton and lay a foundation for its utilization in breeding, and try to identify the representative structural variations (SVs) in sea-island cotton, and to reveal the population differentiation and adaptive improvement of sea-island cotton.

A Hospital-Based and Cross-Sectional Investigation on Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Isolates in Beijing from 2015 to 2021.

Introduction: () is a major pathogen causing death in children. Few studies have evaluated the importance of in the identified bacteria in clinical work. This retrospective study aimed to reveal the rank of in determined bacteria isolated from children in Beijing, China, as well as the antimicrobial resistance of this pathogen.

MicroRNA-140-5p inhibits cellular proliferation, migration and invasion by downregulating AKT/STAT3/NF-κB pathway in breast carcinoma cells.

MicroRNA-140-5p (miR-140-5p) plays a pivotal role in human cancers. However, its role and molecular mechanisms in breast carcinoma are not fully explored. Using miR-140-5p transfected breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231, several experiments were performed and described in this paper.

[The planting effect of cover crop in Sanjiang Plain, Northeast China].

The planting effect and the planting potential of 12 cover crops (Leguminous: alfalfa, smooth vetch, hairy vetch, red clover, white clover, common vetch; non-leguminous: sudangrass, green radish, Nitro radish, rape, kale, endive) in the Sanjiang Plain of Northeast China were comprehensively evaluated by soil penetration resistance, pre-winter biomass, root characteristics, and plant nitrogen accumulation. The results showed that all the 12 cover crops grew normally during the experimental sowing period. Compared with the control, all the cover crops successfully reduced soil compactness.

Multiregion single cell analysis reveals a novel subtype of cancer-associated fibroblasts located in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment in colorectal cancer.

Background: The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in shaping tumor progression and determining the outcome of the therapeutic response. In this study, we aimed to generate a comprehensive cellular landscape of the colorectal cancer (CRC) TME.

Methods: We generated a comprehensive single-cell atlas by collecting CRC cases that have been uploaded to the online database and conducting an in-depth secondary analysis.

SHP2 inhibition improves celastrol-induced growth suppression of colorectal cancer.

This study aimed to explore novel targets for celastrol sensitization in colorectal cancer (CRC) based on differentially regulated signals in response to high- or low-dose celastrol. Targeting signals were investigated using Western blotting or phosphorylated receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) arrays. Corresponding inhibitors for the signals were individually combined with low-dose celastrol for the assessment of combined anti-CRC effects, based on proliferation, apoptosis, colony assays, and xenograft models.

Gene expression analysis of resistant and susceptible rice cultivars to sheath blight after inoculation with Rhizoctonia solani.

Background: Rice sheath blight, caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn (teleomorph: Thanatephorus cucumeris), is one of the most severe diseases in rice (Oryza sativa L.) worldwide. Studies on resistance genes and resistance mechanisms of rice sheath blight have mainly focused on indica rice.

Identification and Functional Analysis of lncRNA by CRISPR/Cas9 During the Cotton Response to Sap-Sucking Insect Infestation.

Sap-sucking insects cause severe damage to cotton production. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play vital regulatory roles in various development processes and stress response, however, the function of lncRNAs during sap-sucking insect infection in cotton is largely unknown. In this study, the transcriptome profiles between resistant (HR) and susceptible (ZS) cotton cultivars under whitefly infestation at different time points (0, 4, 12, 24, and 48 h) were compared.

Identification and molecular epidemiology of routinely determined Streptococcus pneumoniae with negative Quellung reaction results.

Background: Some streptococci strains identified as Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) by routine clinical methods exhibiting negative Quellung reaction results may belong to other species of viridans group streptococci or non-typeable S. pneumoniae.

Genome-wide association of single nucleotide polymorphism loci and candidate genes for frogeye leaf spot (Cercospora sojina) resistance in soybean.

Background: Frogeye leaf spot (FLS) is a destructive fungal disease that affects soybean production. The most economical and effective strategy to control FLS is the use of resistant cultivars. However, the use of a limited number of resistant loci in FLS management will be countered by the emergence of new high-virulence Cercospora sojina races.

No tillage and residue mulching method on bacterial community diversity regulation in a black soil region of Northeastern China.

Soil microorganisms are important components of agricultural ecosystems; they are important in agricultural soil nutrient cycle and are easily affected by soil tillage. The response of soil microbial community to tillage is very complex, and the effect of the no tillage and residue mulching method on soil microbial diversity remains unclear. In 2019, the soil was collected from an experimental field after 10 years of continuous cultivation in the black soil area of the Sanjiang Plain in Northeastern China.

Cabergoline Stimulates Human Endometrial Stromal Cell Decidualization and Reverses Effects of Interleukin-1β In Vitro.

Context: Human embryonic implantation is regulated by neuroendocrine hormones, ovarian steroids, growth factors, and cytokines. Sympathetic innervation of the uterus also may play a role.

Objective: We tested the hypothesis that cabergoline (Cb), an agonist of type 2 dopamine receptors (DRD2), could influence endometrial decidualization in vitro.

Preoperative nomogram to predict survival following colorectal cancer liver metastasis simultaneous resection.

Background: Simultaneous resection for patients with synchronous colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM) remains an optimal option for the sake of curability. However, few studies so far focus on outcome of this subgroup of patients (who receive simultaneous resection for CRLM). Substantial heterogeneity exists among such patients and more precise categorization is needed preoperatively to identify those who may benefit more from surgery.

Multi-Tissue Multi-Omics Nutrigenomics Indicates Context-Specific Effects of Docosahexaenoic Acid on Rat Brain.

Scope: The influence of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on cardiometabolic and cognitive phenotypes, and multi-omic alterations in the brain under two metabolic conditions is explored to understand context-specific nutritional effects.

Methods And Results: Rats are randomly assigned to a DHA-rich or a control chow diet while drinking water or high fructose solution, followed by profiling of metabolic and cognitive phenotypes and the transcriptome and DNA methylome of the hypothalamus and hippocampus. DHA reduces serum triglyceride and improves insulin resistance and memory exclusively in the fructose-consuming rats.

Soil mixing with organic matter amendment improves Albic soil physicochemical properties and crop yield in Heilongjiang province, China.

Crop productivity in Albic soil is poor, owing to poor soil physicochemical properties. Mixing of Aw layers, representing Albic soil, with B layers, could improve the physicochemical properties of Albic soil, which is characterized by poor humus on the topsoil and high penetration resistance. The objective of the present study conducted in 2015-2016 in an Albic soil region in Heilongjiang province, China, was to explore the effects of different soil mixing strategies on the physicochemical properties of Albic soil and crop yield.

Maternal High-Protein and Low-Protein Diets Perturb Hypothalamus and Liver Transcriptome and Metabolic Homeostasis in Adult Mouse Offspring.

Early life nutritional imbalances are risk factors for metabolic dysfunctions in adulthood, but the long term effects of perinatal exposure to high versus low protein diets are not completely understood. We exposed C57BL/6J offspring to a high protein/low carbohydrate (HP/LC) or low protein/high carbohydrate (LP/HC) diet during gestation and lactation, and measured metabolic phenotypes between birth and 10 months of age in male offspring. Perinatal HP/LC and LP/HC exposures resulted in a decreased ability to clear glucose in the offspring, with reduced baseline insulin and glucose concentrations in the LP/HC group and a reduced insulin response post-glucose challenge in the HP/LC group.

Prenatal Bisphenol A Exposure in Mice Induces Multitissue Multiomics Disruptions Linking to Cardiometabolic Disorders.

The health impacts of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) remain debated, and their tissue and molecular targets are poorly understood. In this study, we leveraged systems biology approaches to assess the target tissues, molecular pathways, and gene regulatory networks associated with prenatal exposure to the model EDC bisphenol A (BPA). Prenatal BPA exposure at 5 mg/kg/d, a dose below most reported no-observed-adverse-effect levels, led to tens to thousands of transcriptomic and methylomic alterations in the adipose, hypothalamus, and liver tissues in male offspring in mice, with cross-tissue perturbations in lipid metabolism as well as tissue-specific alterations in histone subunits, glucose metabolism, and extracellular matrix.

Biglycan gene connects metabolic dysfunction with brain disorder.

Dietary fructose is a major contributor to the epidemic of diabetes and obesity, and it is an excellent model to study metabolic syndrome. Based on previous studies that Bgn gene occupies a central position in a network of genes in the brain in response to fructose consumption, we assessed the capacity of Bgn to modulate the action of fructose on brain and body. We exposed male biglycan knockout mice (Bgn) to fructose for 7 weeks, and results showed that Bgn mice compensated for a decrement in learning and memory performance when exposed to fructose.

Traumatic Brain Injury Induces Genome-Wide Transcriptomic, Methylomic, and Network Perturbations in Brain and Blood Predicting Neurological Disorders.

The complexity of the traumatic brain injury (TBI) pathology, particularly concussive injury, is a serious obstacle for diagnosis, treatment, and long-term prognosis. Here we utilize modern systems biology in a rodent model of concussive injury to gain a thorough view of the impact of TBI on fundamental aspects of gene regulation, which have the potential to drive or alter the course of the TBI pathology. TBI perturbed epigenomic programming, transcriptional activities (expression level and alternative splicing), and the organization of genes in networks centered around genes such as Anax2, Ogn, and Fmod.

Systems Nutrigenomics Reveals Brain Gene Networks Linking Metabolic and Brain Disorders.

Nutrition plays a significant role in the increasing prevalence of metabolic and brain disorders. Here we employ systems nutrigenomics to scrutinize the genomic bases of nutrient-host interaction underlying disease predisposition or therapeutic potential. We conducted transcriptome and epigenome sequencing of hypothalamus (metabolic control) and hippocampus (cognitive processing) from a rodent model of fructose consumption, and identified significant reprogramming of DNA methylation, transcript abundance, alternative splicing, and gene networks governing cell metabolism, cell communication, inflammation, and neuronal signaling.

Network-Based Identification and Prioritization of Key Regulators of Coronary Artery Disease Loci.

Objective: Recent genome-wide association studies of coronary artery disease (CAD) have revealed 58 genome-wide significant and 148 suggestive genetic loci. However, the molecular mechanisms through which they contribute to CAD and the clinical implications of these findings remain largely unknown. We aim to retrieve gene subnetworks of the 206 CAD loci and identify and prioritize candidate regulators to better understand the biological mechanisms underlying the genetic associations.