Protecting the socioeconomic rights and interests of patients with rare diseases based on an innovative payment mechanism.

The pathogenesis of diseases in the field of rare diseases is complex. Many rare diseases have yet to be conquered worldwide, and there are still no effective treatments for most rare diseases, resulting in limited accessibility to medications. Over the past few years, China has been committed to ensuring the availability of drugs for rare diseases, both at the national level and in all sectors of society.

Raman cell sorting for single-cell research.

Cells constitute the fundamental units of living organisms. Investigating individual differences at the single-cell level facilitates an understanding of cell differentiation, development, gene expression, and cellular characteristics, unveiling the underlying laws governing life activities in depth. In recent years, the integration of single-cell manipulation and recognition technologies into detection and sorting systems has emerged as a powerful tool for advancing single-cell research.

GDF11 inhibits the malignant progression of hepatocellular carcinoma via regulation of the mTORC1‑autophagy axis.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a common malignant tumor, which is associated with a poor prognosis and high mortality rate. It is well known that growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF11) acts as a tumor suppressor in various types of cancer, including HCC. The present study aimed to determine the tumor-suppressive properties of GDF11 in HCC and to assess the intrinsic mechanisms.

The influence of emerging atmospheric organophosphorus flame retardants from land source emissions on the East China Sea.

Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) pose a new challenge to the marine environment due to their toxicity and persistence. This study explores the contributions of OPFR emissions from different land sources and sectors to its contamination of the East China Sea (ECS) using a novel atmospheric transport model（ChnMETOP）for POPs and a marine food web model. The results show that the major land sources causing OPFR pollution in the ECS were situated in Yangtze River Delta (YRD) and middle reach areas of China's Yangtze River, confirming that source proximity made most significant contributions to OPFR pollution in the ECS.

Non-Invasive Detection of Biomolecular Abundance from Fermentative Microorganisms via Raman Spectra Combined with Target Extraction and Multimodel Fitting.

Biomolecular abundance detection of fermentation microorganisms is significant for the accurate regulation of fermentation, which is conducive to reducing fermentation costs and improving the yield of target products. However, the development of an accurate analytical method for the detection of biomolecular abundance still faces important challenges. Herein, we present a non-invasive biomolecular abundance detection method based on Raman spectra combined with target extraction and multimodel fitting.

Enzyme-Activatable Near-Infrared Photosensitizer with High Enrichment in Tumor Cells Based on a Multi-Effect Design.

Enzyme-activatable near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes and photosensitizers (PSs) have emerged as promising tools for molecular imaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT). However, in living organisms selective retention or even enrichment of these reagents after enzymatic activation at or near sites of interest remains a challenging task. Herein, we integrate non-covalent and covalent retention approaches to introduce a novel "1-to-3" multi-effect strategy-one enzymatic stimulus leads to three types of effects-for the design of an enzyme-activatable NIR probe or PS.

Design of a multi-band Raman tweezers objective for in situ studies of deep-sea microorganisms.

The investigation of deep-sea microorganisms holds immense significance and value in advancing the fields of life sciences, biotechnology, and environmental conservation. However, the current lack of specialized underwater objectives specifically designed for in situ studies of deep-sea microorganisms hampers progress in this area. To address this limitation, we present the design of a multi-band Raman tweezer objective tailored for deep-sea environments.

Rapid identification of micro and nanoplastics by line scan Raman micro-spectroscopy.

Microplastic pollution has become an environmental problem that cannot be ignored in our society. Raman spectroscopy technology has been widely used in the field of microplastics detection due to its non-contact, non-destructive chemical specificity. Traditional point confocal Raman micro-spectroscopy technology uses single-point detection, resulting in long measurement times to scan the large areas of interest of typical samples.

Mechanistic elucidation of the degradation and transformation of hydroxy-α-sanshool and its conformers as the pungent dietary components in Sichuan pepper: A DFT study.

To better understand the structural changes of sanshool pungent dietary components during the process and preservation of Sichuan pepper and pungent foods, the mechanistic insights into the intrinsic degradation and transformation of 16 hydroxy-α-sanshool conformers have been explored computationally. Our results have revealed that increasing the cis-CC bond numbers in the most stable all-trans hydroxy-β-sanshool structure causes the maximum 34.21 kJ/mol conformational energetic difference, and the existent probability of C2nnn would be lower than that of C1nnn (n = 1,2).

Potential cross-species transmission of highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 subtype (HPAI H5) viruses to humans calls for the development of H5-specific and universal influenza vaccines.

In recent years, highly pathogenic avian influenza H5 subtype (HPAI H5) viruses have been prevalent around the world in both avian and mammalian species, causing serious economic losses to farmers. HPAI H5 infections of zoonotic origin also pose a threat to human health. Upon evaluating the global distribution of HPAI H5 viruses from 2019 to 2022, we found that the dominant strain of HPAI H5 rapidly changed from H5N8 to H5N1.

Comparing Patient-Controlled Analgesia Versus Non-PCA Hydromorphone Titration for Severe Cancer Pain: A Randomized Phase III Trial.

Background: Opioid titration is necessary to achieve rapid, safe pain relief. Medication can be administered via patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) or by a healthcare provider (non-PCA). We evaluated the efficacy of intravenous PCA versus non-PCA hydromorphone titration for severe cancer pain (≥7 at rest on the 11-point numeric rating scale [NRS]).

MicroRNA related prognosis biomarkers from high throughput sequencing data of kidney renal clear cell carcinoma.

Background: Kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is the most common type of kidney cell carcinoma which has the worst overall survival rate. Almost 30% of patients with localized cancers eventually develop to metastases despite of early surgical treatment carried out. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play a critical role in human cancer initiation, progression, and prognosis.

Carbon dots as fluorescent probe for "off-on" Detecting sodium dodecyl-benzenesulfonate in aqueous solution.

In this paper, we propose an "off-on" approach for the detection of sodium dodecyl-benzenesulfonate (SDBS) using carbon dots (CDs) as fluorescent probe. We firstly demonstrated that the fluorescence of CDs decreased apparently in the presence of ruthenium (Ru), and the system was thus "turn-off". The resulting CDs-Ru system was found to be sensitive to SDBS, SDBS not only serves to shelter the CDs effectively from being quenched, but also to reverse the quenching and restore the fluorescence due to its ability to remove Ru from the surface of CDs (turn-on).

[Dextran sedimentation for study of neutrophil polarization].

Objective: To determine the optimal method for separating neutrophils for studying neutrophil polarization.

Methods: Human neutrophil was separated from healthy human peripheral blood by Percoll density gradient centrifugation and Dextran sedimentation. The cell polarization, purity and activity of the neutrophils were determined, and F-actin polymerization and [Ca2+]i were analyzed.