Multi-omics analyzes of Rosa gigantea illuminate tea scent biosynthesis and release mechanisms.

Rose is an important ornamental crop cultivated globally for perfume production. However, our understanding of the mechanisms underlying scent production and molecular breeding for fragrance is hindered by the lack of a reference genome for tea roses. We present the first complete telomere-to-telomere (T2T) genome of Rosa gigantea, with high quality (QV > 60), including detailed characterization of the structural features of repetitive regions.

PepExplainer: An explainable deep learning model for selection-based macrocyclic peptide bioactivity prediction and optimization.

Macrocyclic peptides possess unique features, making them highly promising as a drug modality. However, evaluating their bioactivity through wet lab experiments is generally resource-intensive and time-consuming. Despite advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) for bioactivity prediction, challenges remain due to limited data availability and the interpretability issues in deep learning models, often leading to less-than-ideal predictions.

Comparative metabolomics profiling reveals the unique bioactive compounds and astringent taste formation of rosehips.

Rosehips are a prominent source of numerous bioactive compounds. However, despite their extensive potential, the metabolic profiles among different rosehip species have not been fully elucidated. In this study, 523 secondary metabolites from rosehips of 12 Rosa species were identified using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Understanding the role of ursodeoxycholic acid and gut microbiome in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: current evidence and perspectives.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, resulting in a huge medical burden worldwide. Accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiome and bile acids play pivotal roles during the development of NAFLD. Patients with NAFLD exhibit unique signatures of the intestinal microbiome marked by the priority of Gram-negative bacteria, decreased ratio of (F/B), and increased and .

Efficacy of probiotic supplementation and impact on fecal microbiota in patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Unlabelled: Context: Research regarding the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with probiotics has not yielded consistent results.

Objective: The aim of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the efficacy of probiotics supplementation in patients with IBD.

Data Sources: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy of probiotics in patients with IBD were searched in PubMed, the Google Scholar database, Web of Science, and CrossRef for the period July 2003 to June 2023.

Predicting response to immunotherapy in gastric cancer via assessing perineural invasion-mediated inflammation in tumor microenvironment.

Background: The perineural invasion (PNI)-mediated inflammation of the tumor microenvironment (TME) varies among gastric cancer (GC) patients and exhibits a close relationship with prognosis and immunotherapy. Assessing the neuroinflammation of TME is important in predicting the response to immunotherapy in GC patients.

Methods: Fifteen independent cohorts were enrolled in this study.

Profile of biological characterizations and clinical application of corneal stem/progenitor cells.

Corneal stem/progenitor cells are typical adult stem/progenitor cells. The human cornea covers the front of the eyeball, which protects the eye from the outside environment while allowing vision. The location and function demand the cornea to maintain its transparency and to continuously renew its epithelial surface by replacing injured or aged cells through a rapid turnover process in which corneal stem/progenitor cells play an important role.

An artificial intelligence method to assess the tumor microenvironment with treatment outcomes for gastric cancer patients after gastrectomy.

Background: The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the occurrence and development of gastric cancer (GC) and is widely used to assess the treatment outcomes of GC patients. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and gene sequencing are the main analysis methods for the TME but are limited due to the subjectivity of observers, the high cost of equipment and the need for professional analysts.

Methods: The ImmunoScore (IS) was developed in the TCGA cohort and validated in GEO cohorts.